Running Repairs Flashcards
Why do heart values sometimes need replacing?
The values become damaged and this allows blood to flow backwards and reduces blood pressure
What is bypass surgery?
When the coronary arteries get blocked by cholesterol plaques, the amount of oxygen delivered to the heart muscles is reduced and this can cause cell death and a heart attack. Blood vessels from the leg can be used to replace the blocked coronary artery and restore blood flow to the heart muscle.
What is a hole in the heart?
All human foetuses, while in the uterus have a hole in the heart, between the atria. This is because the placenta delivers oxygenated blood and the hole in the heart by-passes the lungs. The hole usually closes after birth. If it does not close less oxygen is carried in the blood because oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mix.
What is the first step in the cascade reaction which results in a blood clot?
Platelets must be exposed to air
Which protein are blood clots made from
Fibrin
Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting?
Vitamin K
What is meant by the term anticoagulant and give the name of one anticoagulant drug
A drug which interferes with the clotting process. Heparin or warfarin or aspirin are all anticoagulants
Which genetic disease limits blood clotting?
Haemophilia
Name two factors that must be matched before blood can be given in a transfusion?
ABO blood group and the Rhesus factor
Which blood group is the Universal Donor?
Group 0
Which blood group is the Universal recipient?
Group AB
Which agglutinins (antigen) do the red blood cells of someone with Group AB blood?
Both A and B agglutinins
Which antibodies are found in the blood plasma of the blood of someone with group A blood?
Anti-B antibodies
