Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Animal Science Notes > Ruminant Digestive System > Flashcards

Ruminant Digestive System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Saliva is used as a buffer to?

A

Maintain rumen pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The esophagus opens up into what compartments?

A

Rumen and reticulum compartments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The esophagus opens up into what compartment after 6-8 weeks of age?

A

The rumen compartment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The esophagus opens up into what compartment before 6-8 Weeks of age?

A

The reticulum compartment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What 4 compartments does the stomach divide into?

A
  1. Rumen
  2. Reticulum
  3. Omasum
  4. Abomasum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How big is the rumen?

A

It almost fills the entire left side of the abdominal cavity?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ruminants do what to the bolus (cud) and chew undigested food?

A

Regurgitate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the ruminants called until theyre about 6-8 weeks of age?

A

Functional monogastrics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why are ruminants called functional monogastrics before they reach 6-8 weeks of age?

A

Their rumens are not fully developed yet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The rumen is what at birth?

A

very underdeveloped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the reticulum commonly known as?

A

The honeycomb or hardware store because it traps nails, wire, and metal to protect the rumen from puncture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the reticulum do in young calves?

A

It helps move ingesta into the omasum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Are enzymes secreted in the reticulum?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

**How does food pass through the digestive system in young calves?

A
  1. Food passes through the esophagus and into the esophageal groove
  2. It then goes into the reticulum bypassing the rumen because it is not fully developed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

**When does the esophageal groove close?

A

6-8 weeks of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The esophageal groove moves ingesta directly from the what into the what in young calves?

A
  1. Reticulum
  2. Omasum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mature rumen walls contain what to propel feed?

A

Papillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The rumen has no what, but is has micro flora action?

A

Enzyme secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The rumen has no enzyme secretions, but it does have what?

A

micro flora action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What type of compartment is the rumen?

A

A large, hollow, muscular compartment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the functions of the rumen?

A
  1. It stores ingested food
  2. It soaks ingesta
  3. It physically mixed and breaks down ingesta
  4. Its the fermentation chamber
22
Q

What two things are needed in the fermentation chamber?

A
  1. Bacteria
  2. Protozoa
23
Q

The omasum has short and blunt what?

A

Papillae

24
Q

What is the function of the omasum?

A

It reduces particle size of ingesta and H2O absorption

25
Q

You need bacteria and Protozoa in the fermentation chamber. True or False

A

True, they work together

26
Q

Anaerobic fermentation results in?

A
  1. Synthesis of H2O soluble vitamins and Vitamin K
  2. Synthesis of amino acids and protien
  3. Bacterial enzymes breakdown fibrous feeds CHO (carbs) and VFA (volatile fatty acids)
27
Q

Ruminants take CHO and bacteria/protozoa and turn them into what?

A

Volatile fatty acids during fermentation process, then enzymes turn the VFA’s into glucose, which is turned into energy

28
Q

Are the enzymes secreted in the omasum?

A

No

29
Q

Are enzymes secreted in the abomasum?

A

Yes

30
Q

What is the abomasum comparable to?

A

The simple stomach in monogastrics

31
Q

What is the ONLY place enzymes are secreted in the ruminant digestive system?

A

The abomasum

32
Q

After the abomasum, how does the ruminant digestive system work?

A

Just like the monogastric system

33
Q

What are some ruminant animals?

A

Cattle, sheep, goats

34
Q

Ruminants have no what?

A

Upper incisors

35
Q

Ruminants use what type of jaw movement to shred fibrous feeds?

A

Lateral

36
Q

Ruminants have what saliva production?

A

Continuous

37
Q

How much saliva does an adult cow and sheep produce daily?

A

Cow: 12gal/day
Sheep: 2gal/day

38
Q

Continuous saliva production is necessary in ruminants for?

A

Bacterial action on feed

39
Q

Ruminant saliva has no what?

A

enzymes

40
Q

Ruminant animals eat forages how fast?

A

Rapidly

41
Q

What is the structure where bacteria and protozoa thrive to ferment and breakdown roughages to obtain nutrients?

A

Rumen

42
Q

What do the microorganisms do in the rumen?

A

Digest cellulose and synthesize amino acids from nonprotein nitrogen

43
Q

What is the “true stomach” in a ruminant?

A

The abomasum because it corresponds with the stomach of a monogastric

44
Q

Where does pre-digestive fermentation of feed occur?

A

In the rumen and reticulum

45
Q

What happens when feed passes through the abomasum?

A

Strong acids destroy the bacteria and protozoa

46
Q

What are volatile fatty acids?

A

Waste products of microbial fermentation carbohydrates that are produced during rumen fermentation

47
Q

What do animals use volatile fatty acids for?

A

Their major energy source

48
Q

When milk enters the mouth in a calf, where does it go?

A

Into the esophagus, then through the esophageal groove, then into the abomasum

49
Q

If young calves are forced to consume forage, what happens?

A

Their rumens will develop quicker

50
Q

What Enzyme do ruminants not secrete?

A

Salivary amylase

Animal Science Notes (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions