Ruminant Flashcards
is refers to the
animals that chew cud, breeding and
raising of ruminant animals, primarily
cattle, sheep, and goats, for the
production of meat, milk, and other
products like wool.
Ruminant production
Carabaos (draught, milk, meat)
Beef Cattle (meat)
Dairy Cattle (milk)
Large Ruminants:
Goats (meat, milk)
Sheep (less common)
Small Ruminants:
Refers to the breeding, raising, and management of carabaos (also
known as water buffaloes) for various purposes such as draft
power, milk, meat, and hide.
In the Philippines, carabao production plays a vital role in rural
livelihoods, particularly in farming communities traditionally
used for plowing fields, transporting goods for milk and meat
production.
Carabao Production:
slaughter regulation for male
7+ years
slaughter regulation for female
11+ years
Is the process of raising cattle, typically for meat (beef) or
milk and other dairy products for human consumption.
Production Areas: Batangas, Ilocos Region, Bukidnon, Cagayan
Valley.
Low fertility, high extraction
Cattle Production:
gestation days of cattle
9 months (283 days).
Raising goats for their meat, milk, fiber, and skins.
Quick reproductive cycle
High adaptability to harsh climates.
Native goats – hardy, low maintenance, widely raised for meat.
Goat Production:
female goats maturity
(does),6–8 months
male goats maturity
4–6 months (bucks),
breeding of goats
8-12 months
gestation days of goats
~150 days.
Raising sheep for meat (mutton or lamb), wool, milk, skin/leather,
and manure.
It is one of the oldest forms of livestock farming.
Primarily grazers: prefer grass and pasture.
Less common; small-scale production
Sheep Production:
breeding age of female sheep
Ewes (female) - 8 – 12 months
breeding age of male sheep
Rams (male) – 6 months
gestation days of sheep
Gestation: 147 days (5 months)
Challenges in Ruminant
Production
Low fertility rates
High extraction rates
Traditional small-scale systems
Limited access to improved genetics
and vet care
Strategic Initiatives and Roadmaps
Small Ruminants Roadmap 2022–2040
Sector-specific plans for carabao, cattle, and dairy
Aims: Productivity, sustainability, market access
The largest compartment, acting as a fermentation vat where microbes break down cellulose and other complex carbohydrates. It also stores food and aids in the breakdown of coarse particles.
Rumen
Known as the “honeycomb” due to its lining, the reticulum sorts feed particles, retains foreign materials, and plays a role in regurgitation (rumination).
Reticulum:
This compartment acts as a filter, removing water from the food and further breaking down particle size through muscular contractions.
Omasum
This is the “true stomach” and is similar in function to the stomach of non-ruminants, producing enzymes and acids to digest proteins.
Abomasum
Ruminants, typically belong to the order?
artiodactyla
