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ASA Ab Initio > Rules of the Air > Flashcards

Rules of the Air Flashcards

ICAO003

1
Q

To which flights do the provisions of the CARs apply?

A
  • International flights within Australian territory
  • Trade/Commerce flights between states and with other countries
  • Flights within and to and from the territories
  • Flights by Commonwealth aircraft
  • Unnamed flights in controlled airspace which may endanger or directly affect the above
  • All other flights within Australian territory
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2
Q

The pilot in command shall be responsible for?

A
  • Instruments and equipment are installed and functioning
  • Gross weight of aircraft does not exceed limitations
  • Directions from CASA for loading complied with
  • Fuel supplies sufficient
  • Required operating staff onboard and fit for duty
  • ATC instructions complied with
  • Aircraft safe for flight in all respects
  • Latest charts carried
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3
Q

Who is responsible for the compliance of an aircraft with the rules of the air?

A

Pilot in Command

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4
Q

Under what circumstances may the pilot in command depart from the rules of
the air?

A

The PIC may depart from these rules in circumstances that render such
departure absolutely necessary in the interests of safety.

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5
Q

May a pilot or an air traffic controller consume alcohol whilst on duty?

A

No

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6
Q

How many hours “bottle to throttle”?

A

8 hours immediately preceding the commencement of the period of duty.

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7
Q

A passenger with a valid, non-refundable ticket boards a QANTAS B737 at
Melbourne, bound for Brisbane. It becomes apparent to the cabin crew that
the passenger is intoxicated. While the aircraft is taxiing to the holding point,
the passenger gets up, moves to the door and attempts to open it, saying: “It’s
too hot in here! Let’s open some doors and windows.” The purser notices this
behaviour and reports it to the captain.
Describe the full extent of the authority of the crew in dealing with this
situation. Assume that the passenger is uncooperative to the extreme.

A

The PIC may:

  • Remove/place under restraint the person
  • Detain passengers crew or cargo as necessary for compliance with regulations
  • PIC has rights to arrest a person without warrant as a constable
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8
Q

Define IRM

A

Immediately Reportable Matters

  • verbal report as soon as is practicable
  • written follow-up within 72hrs

Examples
- Airprox
- Violation of controlled airspace
Near collision involving aircraft on the ground

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9
Q

Define RRM

A

Routine Reportable Matters
- Written report with 72hrs

Examples

  • Runway incursion
  • Non-serious injury to person onboard aircraft
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10
Q

Define Airprox

A

Airprox means an occurrence in which 2 or more aircraft come into such close proximity that a threat to the safety of the aircraft exists or may exist, in airspace where the aircraft are not subject to an air traffic separation standard or where separation is a pilot responsibility. AIP ENR 1.14 - 5

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11
Q

When on duty you become aware that an incident has occurred in relation to
one of your aircraft. Outline your reporting responsibilities.

A
  • IRM must be reported as soon as reasonably practicable by telephone, and then a follow-up written report must be made within 72 hours.
  • RRM require only a written report within 72 hours.
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12
Q

Define “A responsible person”

A

A “responsible person” is listed by the Transport Safety Investigation Regulations 2003 as:

  • A crew member of the aircraft concerned;
  • The owner or operator of the aircraft;
  • A person performing an air traffic control service in relation to the aircraft;
  • A person performing a dedicated aerodrome rescue or fire fighting service in relation to the aircraft;
  • A person who is licensed as an aircraft maintenance engineer, and
  • A person who does any work in relation to the aircraft;
  • A member of the staff of the CASA; and
  • The operator of an aerodrome;
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13
Q

May an aircraft fly over a public gathering? If not, are there any exceptions?

A

CAR 156 bans flying over any “regatta, race meeting or public gathering” without the express permission of CASA (unless landing or taking off from an aerodrome or passing from place to place in the normal course of navigation).

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14
Q

CAR 157 prohibits flying over “any city, town or populous area” at a height
lower than 1000FT. List 3 exceptions to this rule.

A

The rule does not apply to:

  • Helicopter access lanes;
  • Low flying due to stress of weather;
  • Search & Rescue aircraft, and police operations;
  • Flying training;
  • Operations approved by CASA; and
  • Aircraft landing and taking off from an aerodrome.
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15
Q

CAR 150 prohibits the dropping of “anything” from an aircraft in flight. List 5 exceptions

A

Exceptions:

  • in the course of agricultural operations; or
  • in the course of cloud seeding operations; or
  • in the course of fire fighting operations; or
  • to initiate controlled burning; or
  • in the course of search and rescue operations; or
  • to deliver emergency food supplies; or
  • in the course of other operations;
  • the dropping of ballast in the form of fine sand or water;
  • the use of apparatus solely for the purpose of navigating an aircraft,
  • with CASA approval;
  • in an emergency, the jettisoning of liquid fuel or cargo over areas where hazard to persons or property on the ground or water is not created.
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16
Q

May an aircraft land or take off from a place that is not an aerodrome?

A
  • Must be an aerodrome under the Air Navigation Regulations, CASR or CASA
  • The place must otherwise be suitable for safe use.
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17
Q

You are organising the YWCA Line dancing and extravaganza. A friend offers to do an aerobatic display in her C150 Aerobat. What are her responsibilities?

A
  • No acrobatic flight at night
  • No acrobatic flight unless in VMC
  • no acrobatic flight the aircraft cannot safely perform

With CASA permission you can:

  • Fly below 3000ft of highest obstacle
  • Fly over a populous area

Prior checks:

  • Loose articles removed
  • Locker and doors fastened
  • Safety harnesses secure
  • Dual controls removed/inoperative
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18
Q

What facilities must an operator provide at aerodromes that it normally
operates from to ensure public safety?

A

An operator must provide facilities and safety devices for the protection of the
public at the aerodromes normally used by the operator as CASA considers adequate and directs.

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19
Q

May a geo-survey aircraft tow an aerial array in the course of a survey?

A

Yes. Nothing in CAR 149 shall prevent the reasonable use or display from an
aircraft in flight of radio aerials, or any signal apparatus, equipment or article
required or permitted to be displayed or used by or from an aircraft in flight.

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20
Q

To what degree of accuracy must pilots maintain time?

A

+ or - 30 seconds

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21
Q

The type of lights to be displayed by an aircraft depends on the aircraft type. When should these lights be displayed?

A

At night and in conditions of poor visibility. Anti-collision and navigation lights required, also must not allow other lights to be displayed.

22
Q

For an aeroplane, describe the requirements for navigation lights.

A
  • An unobstructed red light projected above and below the horizontal plane through an angle from dead ahead to 110° port;
  • An unobstructed green light projected above and below the horizontal plane through an angle from dead ahead to 110° starboard; and
  • An unobstructed white light projecting above and below the horizontal plane rearward through an angle of 140°, equally distributed on the port
    and starboard sides.
23
Q

For an aeroplane, describe the requirements for anti-collision lights.

A
  • An anti-collision light consisting of a flashing red light visible in all directions within 30° above and 30° below the horizontal plane of the aeroplane. Where the lights are flashing lights, the aircraft shall display an additional flashing white light visible in all directions; and may display an additional flashing red rear light.
24
Q

What airspace restrictions apply to a fixed balloon or kite?

A
  • No higher than 300ft

- Not within 4000m of an aerodrome

25
Q

Where may model aircraft be flown at heights greater than 400 feet?

A

CASA approval required for flight above 400ft or within 3nm of an aerodrome.

26
Q

Unless CASA otherwise approves, a V.F.R. flight shall not be conducted at a
height above what height?

A

FL200

27
Q

Above which level must the pilot of a VFR flight comply with the Table of
Cruising levels?

A

3000ft

28
Q

When 2 aircraft are on converging headings at approximately the same height, the aircraft that has the other on its _____ shall give way

A

right

29
Q

What are the 4 exceptions to right of way regulations?

A
  • Power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft shall give way to airships, gliders and balloons;
  • Airships shall give way to gliders and balloons;
  • Gliders shall give way to balloons; and
  • Power-driven aircraft shall give way to aircraft that are seen to be towing other aircraft or objects.
30
Q

An aircraft is taxiing for departure whilst another has commenced final
approach. Which aircraft has right of way?

A

The aircraft on final approach has right of way. An aircraft in flight, or
operating on the ground or water, shall give way to other aircraft landing or
on final approach to land.

31
Q

When may an aircraft execute a turn contrary to the traffic pattern?

A

If a change to the track is necessary to avoid terrain.

32
Q

When must a taxiing report be made?

A

For a controlled aerodrome, the taxiing report must be made prior to taxiing
so that a clearance and instructions can be obtained.

33
Q

When may an aircraft fly over a Prohibited area?

A

The PIC of an aircraft must not fly the aircraft over a prohibited area at any
time.

34
Q

In which document are PRD areas published?

A

Designated Area Handbook (DAH) and are also shown on AIP aeronautical
charts by boundaries outlined in magenta and containing the identification of
the areas as a letter and a number.

35
Q

In what circumstances shall clearance from the administering authority for
flight in a Restricted area be obtained by ATC?

A

Administering authority may provide clearance via ATC request when flight:

  • from controlled airspace (CTA) into adjoining active restricted area; or
  • Through active restricted area into adjoining CTA; or
  • Through active restricted area within CTA.

RA1 or RA2 areas may have access granted.

36
Q

When are blanket clearances issued for the temporary release of airspace?

A
  • Joint use of airspace located in or adjacent to terminal areas;
  • The operation of random and base-to-base military flights in controlled airspace;
  • Individual or general movement of aircraft during low density traffic conditions.
37
Q

What shall the terms of a blanket clearance clearly indicate?

A
  • The physical dimensions of the airspace;
  • The period of validity;
  • Any special control/coordination requirements.
38
Q

Who is responsible for the provision of air traffic services within reserved
airspace?

A

The Administering Authority making the reservation shall have the exclusive
use of the airspace and shall be responsible for the provision of air traffic
services for aircraft using the airspace.

39
Q

Are aircraft within a designated training area separated from each other?

A

Generally ATC will not provide separation between aircraft conducting flying
training within the airspace (although traffic information should be provided).

40
Q

How are IFR aircraft separated from traffic in a designated training area?

A

ATC will route IFR traffic clear of the designated training area.

41
Q

Within what accuracy must a VFR altimeter read site elevation?

A

With an accurate QNH set, a VFR altimeter should read site elevation to within
100 ft (110ft at test sites above 3300 ft) to be accepted as serviceable by the
pilot.

42
Q

At what point after departure should the pilot of a VFR travel flight set Area
QNH?

A

Just prior to top of climb.

43
Q

What is the lowest useable flight level when Area QNH is 985HPA?

A

FL120

44
Q

What accuracy standard is required of Area QNH?

A

+ or - 5 hPA

45
Q

Under what conditions may VFR flight be conducted on top of more than 4/8 loud?

A
  • VMC can be maintained for the entire flight, including climb, cruise and
    descent.
  • The visual position fixing requirements or other navigational
    requirements are met.
46
Q

In what circumstances may ATC issue a special VFR clearance?

A

By day, when flight visibility or distances from cloud are less than the
applicable VFR distances (VMC do not exist), the ATC unit responsible for a
CTR may issue, at pilot request, a Special VFR clearance for flight in the CTR,
or in a CTA next to the CTR for the purpose of entering or leaving the CTR,
provided the Special VFR flight will not unduly delay an IFR flight.

47
Q

How is NGT VFR LSALT determined?

A

The PIC of an aircraft must not fly the aircraft at night under the VFR at a
height of less than 1000 feet above the highest obstacle located within 10
miles of the aircraft in flight if it is not necessary for take-off or landing.

48
Q

How are Grid LSALTs displayed? What is the size of the grid for:

  1. ERC-L
  2. ERC-H
A

(1) ERC-L – the grid is a square 1° latitude by 1° longitude.
(2) ERC-H – the grid is a square 4° latitude by 4° longitude.

Grid LSALT is displayed in the centre of the square as large number (representing thousands of feet) followed by a superscript number (representing hundreds of feet) e.g. 56 means grid LSALT of 5600 ft.

49
Q

When determining LSALT, what tolerances are applied to:

(1) conventional RNAV systems
(2) GPS

A

(1) conventional RNAV systems 30 NM either side of track

(2) GPS 7 NM either side of track

50
Q

When may an IFR aircraft be flown lower than a published or calculated
LSALT?

A
  • When being assigned levels in accordance with radar terrain
    clearance procedures or
  • When being flown in accordance with a published DME arrival
    procedure, instrument approach or holding procedure or
  • When necessary during climb after departure from an aerodrome or
  • By day during VMC.
51
Q

What accuracy standard is required of an IFR altimeter?

A

With an accurate QNH set, the altimeter should read the nominated elevation to within 60 ft. If an altimeter has an error in excess of + or – 75ft, the altimeter must be considered unserviceable.

ASA Ab Initio (9 decks)

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