Rules Flashcards
7 possessive markers (maybe more?)
Ki - ustedes
A - you direct
Nu - I, mine
U - he or she
Qa - our
La - you formal
Alaq - you formal plural
How to construct a descriptive sentence
Adjective + la/ri/re + subject
Rax le Tz’i
ask a yes or no question about a descriptive sentence
LA + adj + la/ri/re + subject
negate descriptive sentence
Na + adj + ta le + subject
transitive verb conjugation prefixes (consonants)
Uses posessive prefixes (EXCEPT FOR I (nu becomes in instead))
CONSONANTS:
with na’o
kinna’o
kana’o
kuna’o
Kqana (pronounced like Kaqana)
Kina
KKina (pronounced Kakina, this only happens for incomplete form.)
VOWELS:???
completive versus incompletive markers
X - completive
K - completive
intransitive verb conjugation
Use personal pronouns
in at 0 oj ix e
wa’ik - to eat
kinwa’ik
katwa’ik
kwa’ik (sometimes kawa’ik)
kojwa’ik
kixwa’ik
kewa’ik
transitive verbs
use the possessive:
Cons - nu(in) a u qa i ki
Vowel - inw a aw r q iw k
recite the intransitive verb conjugation table
I = in
you = at
he/she = _ (k -> ka)
you formal = _ (ka) verb la
us = oj
you all = ix
they = e
you all formal = _ (ka) verb alaq
sentence order of (object, verb, subject
should be verb object subject. i.e Xintij ruk joseph le mansan is wrong. Must be xintij le mansan ruk joseph.
taq next to noun verses taq before le
first is little endearing thing (taq tz’i’ - perritos)
second is pluralized taq le tz’i’ = the dogs.
Imperative form
Ch + pronoun + oq (if utterance final)
when sentence starts with preposition (Pa) and ends in k’o you must put what
wi
Pa le nimatijob’al k’o wi
positional words (seven)
Chuxe’ - under
chuwach - in front of
puwi - on top of
chi(ki/qa/xol - in between
chirij - behind
pa utzalaj - next to
imperative form
what’s final utterance and what isn’t?
ch or k (usually ch)
final utterance is oq, if not final utterance put an ‘a’
if verb would be conjugated and have a eu in it, that is replaced with…
u’
ex: ellos llegaron would be Xeulik per becomes Xu’lik
marker for active voice
for derived and radicals
derived - j (keep this when conjugated)
radicals - o (drop this when conjugated
what sets for object in trans verbs and subject in trans verbs.
pronouns (in, at etc), set B
posessive pronouns (nu, a, u etc) Set A
radical transitive verb utterance final rule with ‘u’ as last vowel
utterance final is still u.
all others will be o.
La Xashh’aj le laq
transitive formula
K/X + set B object + set A subject + D/R root verb + D/R voice marker
indirect object use
main verb + thing + ch_ch
chawe
chwe
che
chqe
chiwe
chke
verb + na
todavia or future tense, the possibility is still there.
rajawaxik kintij na = I still need to eat
