RT - MC

Question 1

The penetration ability of an X-Ray beam is governed by?

a.) Kilovoltage.
b.) Time.
c.) Milliamperage.
d.) Source to film distance.

Answer 1

a.) Kilovoltage.

Question 2

Cobalt 60 used in non destructive testing emits?

a.) Alpha particles.
b.) Neutrons.
c.) Gamma rays.
d.) X – Rays.

Answer 2

c.) Gamma rays.

Question 3

A densitometer is an instrument used in radiography for measuring?

a.) X – Ray intensity.
b.) Film density.
c.) Density of a material.
d.) Tube current.

Answer 3

b.) Film density.

Question 4

The time required for one-half of the atoms in a particular sample of radioactive material to disintegrate is called?

a.) The inverse square law.
b.) A curie.
c.) A half life.
d.) The exposure time.

Answer 4

c.) A half life.

Question 5

The difference between the densities of two areas of a radiograph is called?

a.) Radiographic contrast.
b.) Subject contrast.
c.) Film contrast.
d.) Definition.

Answer 5

a.) Radiographic contrast.

Question 6

Exposure to X – Ray or Gamma Ray:

a.) May have a cumulative effect which must be considered.
b.) Will be beneficial since they build up immunity to radiation poisoning.
c.) Will have no effect on human beings.
d.) Will have only a short term effect on human tissues.

Answer 6

a.) May have a cumulative effect which must be considered.

Question 7

The selection of the proper type of film to ge used for the X-Ray examination of a particular part depends on?

a.) The thickness of the part.
b.) The material of the specimen.
c.) The voltage range of the available X-Ray machine.
d.) All three of the above factors.

Answer 7

a.) The thickness of the part.
b.) The material of the specimen.
c.) The voltage range of the available X-Ray machine.
d.) All three of the above factors.

Question 8

A cobalt 60 source has a half life of?

a.) 1.2 Years.
b.) 6 Months.
c.) 5.3 Years.
d.) 75 Days.

Answer 8

c.) 5.3 Years.

Question 9

X-Ray tube current is controlled by?

a.) The current passing through the filament.
b.) The distance from the cathode to the anode.
c.) The type of material used in the target.
d.) The voltage and waveform applied to the X-Ray tube.

Answer 9

a.) The current passing through the filament.

Question 10

Lead foil in direct contact with X – Ray film.

a.) Intensifies the scatter radiation more that the primary radiation.
b.) Decreases the contrast of the radiographic image.
c.) Intensifies the primary radiation more than the scatter radiation.
d.) Should not be used when gamma rays are emitted by the source of radiation.

Answer 10

c.) Intensifies the primary radiation more than the scatter radiation.

Question 11

Radiographic sensitivity, in the context of the minimum detectable flaw size depends upon?

a.) Graininess of the film.
b.) The un-sharpness of the flaw image in the film.
c.) The contrast of the flaw image on the film.
d.) All three of the above.

Answer 11

a.) Graininess of the film.
b.) The un-sharpness of the flaw image in the film.
c.) The contrast of the flaw image on the film.
d.) All three of the above.

Question 12

A general rule often employed for determining the kilovoltage to be used when X-Raying a part is?

a.) The kilovoltage should be as high as other factors will permit.
b.) The kilovoltage should be as low as other factors will permit.
c.) The kilovoltage is always a fixed value and cannot be changed.
d.) The kilovoltage is not an important variable and can be changed over a wide range without affecting the radiograph.

Answer 12

b.) The kilovoltage should be as low as other factors will permit.

Question 13

As a check on the adequacy of the radiographic technique, it is customary to place a standard test piece on the source side of the specimen. This standard is called?

a.) Reference plate.
b.) Lead screen.
c.) Penetrameter.
d.) Illuminator.

Answer 13

c.) Penetrameter.

Question 14

The three main steps in processing a radiograph are?

a.) Developing, Frilling and Fixation.
b.) Developing, Fixation and Washing.
c.) Exposure, Developing and Fixation.
d.) Developing, Reticulating and Fixation.

Answer 14

b.) Developing, Fixation and Washing.

Question 15

Lead screens are used in radiography?

a.) To improve the quality of the radiograph by preferentially reducing the effect of scatter radiation.
b.) To reduce the exposure time.
c.) Both a and b are reasons for using lead foil screens.
d.) Neither a nor b are reasons for using lead screens.

Answer 15

a.) To improve the quality of the radiograph by preferentially reducing the effect of scatter radiation.
b.) To reduce the exposure time.
c.) Both a and b are reasons for using lead foil screens.

Question 16

To prevent excessive backscatter from reaching a radiographic film, one should?

a.) Back the cassette with a sheet of lead, the thickness needed depending on the radiation quality.
b.) Place a mask between the specimen and the front surface of the film.
c.) Back the exposure holder with a thick sheet of lead at least ½ inch.
d.) Place a filter in the X-Ray tube or Gamma Ray beam near the source or X-Ray tube.

Answer 16

a.) Back the cassette with a sheet of lead, the thickness needed depending on the radiation quality.

Question 17

The small area in the X-Ray tube from which the radiation emanates is called the?

a.) Diaphragm.
b.) Focal Spot.
c.) Focusing cup.
d.) Cathode.

Answer 17

b.) Focal Spot.

Question 18

The radiation quality of a Gamma Ray source is called?

a.) Determined by the Focal spot.
b.) Determined by the Isotope involved.
c.) Can be varied by the operator.
d.) Is greater in Iridium -192 than cobalt 60.

Answer 18

b.) Determined by the Isotope involved.

Question 19

Very short wavelength electromagnetic radiation produced when electrons travelling at high speeds collide with matter is called?

a.) X-Radiation
b.) Beta Radiation.
c.) Gamma Radiation.
d.) None of the above.

Answer 19

a.) X-Radiation

Question 20

The exposure of personnel to X and Gamma radiation can be measured or monitored by means of?

a.) Film badges.
b.) Dosimeters.
c.) Radiation exposure survey meters.
d.) All of the above.

Answer 20

a.) Film badges.
b.) Dosimeters.
c.) Radiation exposure survey meters.
d.) All of the above.

Question 21

Three liquids which are essential to process and exposed film properly are?

a.) Stop bath, acetic acid and water.
b.) Developer, stop bath and H²O².
c.) Developer, fixer and water.
d.) acetic, fixer and stop bath

Answer 21

c.).) Developer, fixer and water.

Question 22

a straight, dark line in the center of the film image of a weld would most likely be?

a.) Liner porosity.
b.) Incomplete penetration.
c.) Tungsten inclusions.
d.) A crack.

Answer 22

b.) Incomplete penetration.

Question 23

scattered radiation caused by any material, such as a wall or floor, on the film side of the specimen is referred to as?

a.) Primary scatter.
b.) Undercut.
c.) Reflected scatter.
d.) Back scattered radiation.

Answer 23

d.) Back scattered radiation.

Question 24

A Penetrameter is used to indicate?

a.) The size of the discontinuity in a part.
b.) The density of the film.
c.) The amount of film contrast.
d.) The quality of the radiographic technique.

Answer 24

d.) The quality of the radiographic technique.

Question 25

In order to achieve uniformity of development over the area of an X-Ray film during manual processing?

a.) The film should be placed in a dryer after being developed.
b.) The fixer should be agitated by means of mechanical stirrers of circulating pumps.
c.) The film should be agitated while in the developer.
d.) The film should be transferred directly from the developer to the fixer.

Answer 25

c.) The film should be agitated while in the developer.

Question 26

Which of the following welding discontinuities would be most difficult to image radiographically?

a.) Porosity.
b.) Lack of side wall fusion.
c.) Undercut.
d.) Slag Inclusion.

Answer 26

b.) Lack of side wall fusion.

Question 27

The purpose of agitating an X-Ray film during development is to?

a.) Protect the film from excessive pressure.
b.) Re-new the developer at the surface of the film.
c.) Disperse unexposed silver grains on the film surface.
d.) Prevent reticulation.

Answer 27

b.) Re-new the developer at the surface of the film.

Question 27

Unwanted inclusions in a part will appear on a radiograph as?

a.) A dark spot.
b.) A light spot.
c.) A generalized grey area of varying contrasts.
d.) Either a dark or light spot or area depending on the relative absorption ratio of the part material and the inclusion material.

Answer 27

d.) Either a dark or light spot or area depending on the relative absorption ratio of the part material and the inclusion material.

Question 28

The purpose of fixation is?

a.) To remove all the undeveloped silver salts of the emulsion.
b.) To leave the developed silver as a permanent image.
c.) To harden the gelatin.
d.) All of the above.
e.) None of the above.

Answer 28

a.) To remove all the undeveloped silver salts of the emulsion.
b.) To leave the developed silver as a permanent image.
c.) To harden the gelatin.
d.) All of the above.

Question 29

The stability of the developer is maintained by?

a.) Constant agitation.
b.) Maintaining processing solutions within the recommended temperature range.
c.) Avoiding contamination from the stop bath.
d.) Addition of replenisher

Answer 29

d.) Addition of replenisher

Question 30

When radiographing a part which contain a large crack, the crack will appear on the radiograph as a?

a.) Dark, intermittent or continuous distinct line.
b.) Light irregular line
c.) Either a dark of light line.
d.) Fogged area on the radiograph.

Answer 30

a.) Dark, intermittent or continuous distinct line.

Question 31

The density of a radiograph image refers to?

a.) The thickness of the radiographic film.
b.) The thickness of the specimen.
c.) The weight of the radiographic film.
d.) The degree of blackening of the radiographic film.

Answer 31

d.) The degree of blackening of the radiographic film.

Question 32

Radiographic sensitivity, in the context of the minimum detectable flaw size depends on?

a.) Graininess of the film.
b.) The un-sharpness of the flaw image in the film.
c.) The contrast of the flaw image on the film
d.) All of the above.
e.) None of the above.

Answer 32

a.) Graininess of the film.
b.) The un-sharpness of the flaw image in the film.
c.) The contrast of the flaw image on the film
d.) All of the above.

Question 33

In order to decrease geometric un-sharpness:

a.) Radiation should proceed from as small a focal spot as other considerations ill allow.
b.) Radiation should proceed from as large a focal spot as other consideration will allow.
c.) The film should be as far as possible from the object being radiographed.
d.) The distance from the anode o material examined should be as small as is practical.

Answer 33

a.) Radiation should proceed from as small a focal spot as other considerations ill allow.

Question 34

The lead symbol “B” is attached o the back of the film holder to determine?

a.) Sensitivity.
b.) Whether excessive backscatter is present.
c.) Radiographic contrast.
d.) Density.

Answer 34

b.) Whether excessive backscatter is present.

Question 35

When referring to a “2T” or “4T” hole in the ASTM Penetrameter, the “T” refers to as?

a.) The part thickness.
b.) The Penetrameter thickness.
c.) The time of exposure.
d.) The time of developing.

Answer 35

b.) The Penetrameter thickness.

Question 36

In order to increase the intensity of X-Radiation?

a.) The tube current should be increased.
b.) The tube current should be decreased.
c.) The test specimen should be moved further from the film.
d.) A lower kilovoltage should be applied to the tube.

Answer 36

a.) The tube current should be increased.

Question 37

Movement, geometry and screen contact are three factors that affect radiographic?

a.) Contrast.
b.) Un-sharpness.
c.) Reticulation.
d.) Density.

Answer 37

b.) Un-sharpness.

Question 38

As the kilovoltage applied to the X-Ray tube is raised?

a.) X-Ray of longer wavelength and more penetrating power are produced.
b.) X-Ray of shorter wavelength and more penetrating power are produced.
c.) X-Ray of shorter wavelength and less penetrating power are produced.
d.) X-Ray of longer wavelength and less penetrating power are produced.
e.) None of the above.

Answer 38

b.) X-Ray of shorter wavelength and more penetrating power are produced.

Question 39

Excessive exposure of film to light prior to development of the film will most likely result in?

a.) A foggy film.
b.) Poor definition.
c.) Streaks.
d.) Yellow stain.

Answer 39

a.) A foggy film.