RT 421 Final Flashcards
The flattened horizontal portion on the superior aspect of the ethmoid bone is called ___ and allows olfactory nerves to pass sensory information tot eh brain
cribriform plate
Suture between the occipital and parietal bones
lamboidal
Metatarsals form the framework for the ___
foot
Fibrous covering of the bone
Peritoneum
Where does hemopoiesis take place in adults?
sternum, pelvis, vertebral bodies, ribs
What cell produces bone
osteoblasts
EAM is part of which bone?
Temporal
What is the most radiosensitive part of the bone in a child?
epiphysis
What is the pterygoid muscle allow you to do?
chew
Where is the Crista Galli located?
ethmoid
What bone houses the sella turcica?
sphenoid
The mastoid process is formed by which bone?
Temporal
What are the 2 types of bone?
spongy and compact
Where in the bone would you find yellow bone marrow?
medullary cavity
Which sinus is located most posteriorly?
Sphenoid
The sphenoid sinus is located anterior and inferior of what structure?
sella turcica
The acetabulum is formed by which bones?
Ischium, Pubis and Ilium
Anatomical location of the eternal angle?
T4
Anatomical location of the SSN
T2
Anatomical location of the iliac crest
L4
Anatomical location of the end of the spinal cord
L2
Anatomical location of the carina?
T5/6
Anatomical location of the hyoid bone?
C3
What are the functions of the skeletal system
movement, support, articulation, protection
Suture between the parietal bones?
sagittal suture
What plane divides the body into sup and inf?
axial
What plane divides the body into ant and post?
Coronal
Hounsfield number for air
-1000
Hounsfield number for bone?
1000
What bone of the pelvic girdle does the sacrum articulate with?
Ilium
What part of the sternum articulates with the clavicles?
Manubrium
What is the longest and strongest bone in the body?
femur
Which group of vertebrae have transverse foramen?
Cervical
Which group of vertebrae have facets on their vertebral bodies
Thoracic
What is the largest organ in the lymphatic system?
Spleen
What are the name o the lymphatic ducts?
Right and thoracic
Waldyers ring is comprised of
the pharyngeal, palentine and lingual tonsils
Which set of tonsils are also known as the adenoids?
Pharyngeal
Lymph returns to the circulatory system at the ___
Subclavian veins
The spleen lies in which quadrant?
Left upper
Lymphocytes that have made a detour through the thymus gland before migrating to lymphoid tissue are known as ___
T cells
What are the functions of the spleen?
Phagocytosis of ruptured blood cells, place of maturation for lymphocytes and formation of blood during fetal development
Functions of the lymph nodes includeā¦
Phagocytosis and hematopoiesis
Which lymph structure atrophies as we get older?
thymus gland
Where do we not have an lymph?
Palms of hands, brains, vocal cords
Nodules located in the ileum of the small intestine are known as ___
Peyerās patches
Lymph vessels contain structures that prevent back flow called ___
Semilunar valves
The lymph system is designed to drain ___
extra cellular space
What makes up the aortic arch?
Brachiocephalic artery, left common carotid and the left subclavian artery
Blood from the vena cava enter the heart at the
right atrium
what vein is formed by the joining of the internal jugular and the subclavian veins?
brachiosaurus cephalic vein
Which vessels comes from the subclavian arteries and runs along the c spine by way of the foramen magnum?
Vertebral artery
Which vessel is the first branch of the abdominal aorta?
celiac
Which anatomical landmark denotes the celiac artery?
the umbilicus
Name the vessels that make up the celiac trunk
hepatic, left gastric and splenic
spinal cord extends from
foramen magnum to L1/2
Where does CSF flow?
subarachnoid space
In what region of the brain are the thalamus and hypothalamus located
diencephalon
Which neurological cell forms the blood brain barrier
astrocytes
The nervous system is divided structurally by the
CNS and PNS
What is the correct order of the meninges from out to in?
Dura mater, subdural space, arachnoid, sub arachnoid space, Pia mater
Which cell type is only found in the CNS?
oligodendrocytes
What cell is responsible for myelin production
Schwann cells
Where is the tentorium located?
between the cerebrum and the cerebellum
The medulla oblongata is located
as a continuation of the spinal cord
What are the 3 parts of the brainstem
mid brain, pons, medulla oblongata
which cells line the ventricles?
Ependymal cells
Nerves that originate from the spinal cord are
spinal nerves
What part of the ANS deals with immediate threat?
sympathetic nervous system
how many lobes in the cerebrum
4
The epiglottis is found on which wall of the pharynx
anterior
The parotid drains through the
Stensonās duct
the submandibular gland drains through
whartenās duct
anatomical location of the cricoid cartilage
C6
Anatomical location of thyroid cartilage?
C4/5
anatomical location of the hyoid bone
C3/4
What is the name of the notch between the tongue and epiglottis
valeculla
where is the retrimolar trigone located?
oral cavity posterior to the molars
False cords are also called
vestibule cords
the lips are also referred to the
vermillion
Trachea starts and ends at
C6-T6
Which part of the heart pumps blood to the lungs
right ventricle
Which part is the inner covering of the lungs?
visceral pleura
which part is the outer covering of the lungs?
parietal pleura
Substance the aid alveoli in maintaining expandability
surfactant
What structures are contained in the mediastinum?
great vessels, trachea, esophagus
what divides the thoracic and abdominal cavities?
Diaphragm
which part of the heart is most anterior?
right ventricle
Superior vena cava is what side of the chest?
right
human heart has ___ valves
4
IVC and SVC enter the heart at
right atrium
Anatomical location of the heart
T6-T9
Anatomical location of the aortic bifurcation
L4
Anatomical location of the larynx
C4/C6
Breast tissue is composed of 85%
Adipose tissue
The breast sits atop what muscle?
pectoralis
The pulmonary arteries carry what type of blood?
deoxygenated blood away from the heart
Part of the lung where everything enters?
Hilum
Which heart chamber is most posterior?
Left atrium
What stops food from entering the trachea?
epiglottis
Cartilage in the trachea are what shape?
āCā
What is the functional structure for gas exchange in the lung?
Alveoli
Where would you find a superior sulcus tumor?
the Apex of the lung
Junction pot the transverse and descending colon
splenic fixture
What is the name of the first division of the large colon?
cecum
Anatomical location for the head of the pancreas
L1/2
Radiation induced diarrheas is damage to
villi of the small intestine
Most of the absorption of food and nutrients occurs in the
jejunum of the small intestine
Peristalsis
movement of the muscles of the intestines to move chyme through the body
Junction of the ascending and transverse colon is
Hepatic flexture
Rugae are found in the
stomach
Major functions of the digestive symptom are
absorption, digestion, ingestion
Bile is produced in the liver and drains into the
hepatic duct
Bile is stored in the
gallbladder
Identify the organs that are retroperitoneal
Pancreas, kidneys , liver
hypogastric nodes are also known as
internal iliac nodes
Anatomical location of the hulk of the kidneys
L1
Anatomical location of the inferior border of the right kidney
L3
Biforcation of the aorta into the common iliac occurs at what anatomical location
L5
Where are the islets of lagerhans located
Pancreas
what are the divisions of the stomach?
funds, body, pylorus
Where does the esophagus begin
C6
Epithelium lining the urinary bladder is
transitional
Common iliac lodes are located ____ to the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta
inferior
Point where the uterine artery crosses the ureters
point A
The vagina is ___ to the rectum and ___ to the uterus
Anterior, posterior
Peyers patches are found in the
smal intestine
Haustra are found in the
large intestine
