RPA 6 blood and immunity

Question 1

What composes the cellular branch of the adaptive immune system?

Question 2

innate immune responses are fast and non-specific to a particular pathogen, true or false?

Answer 2

true

Question 3

what is the function of M cells in the crypts of peyers patches in the small intestine?

Answer 3

transport fragments of bacterial proteins from the apical to the basilar side of the epithelium
-essential for antigen recognition and response

Question 4

what is released when a helper T-cell recognizes a foreign antigen fragment on a naive B-cell?

Answer 4

Interleukin (IL-4)
-cytokine that plays a role in activating and stimulating the B- cell response
-promotes B-cell differentiation into plasma cells and regulates antibody class switching

Question 5

what do T-cell receptors bind too?

Question 6

what would a T-lymphocyte be selected against and undergo apoptosis?

Answer 6

when it is able to recognize self-proteins
when it is unable to recognize foreign proteins

Question 7

what happens to the porphyrin ring in hemoglobin from worn-out erythrocytes?

Answer 7

disposed of as a waste product via the liver, gallbladder, and intestine as bilirubin or biliverdin

Question 8

based on the specific 3D confirmation of amino-acids, antigen binds to what regions on an antibody?

Answer 8

heavy variable region