Routes For Med Administration Flashcards
What is the most common medication route used?
Oral
Oral route medication types..
Tablets, capsules, liquids, or enteric-coated tablets
How are oral meds absorbed?
Via the intestinal lumen to systemic circulation & metabolized via the liver.
What is the onset of action for oral meds?
Slowest onset of action
Precautions of oral meds…
Patient must be able to swallow & have functioning GI tract
What is the first pass effect?
The concentration of drug is reduced before it reaches systemic circulation.
Process of enteral feeding tube
-
What form of meds is in enteral feeding tube?
Liquid form; some meds can be crushed
Process before an enteral feeding tube..
Elevate head of bed, check placement, check gastric residual
Process during the use of enteral feeding tube
Flush w/ 30 mL water
Administer each med (crushed & diluted w/ 15-30mL water)
Flush with 15-30 mL in between medications
Flush with 30 mL after last dose
Which route is placed under the tongue?
Sublingual
Buccal meds are placed …
Between check and gums
For rectal route, patient is positioned in …
Left sims
Inhalation route is delivered directly to…
Lungs via small particles of drug
Process of nasal route meds…
Blow nose, tip in one nostril, close off other nostril , activate med as client inhales through nose
Avoid blowing nose for 5-10 minutes
The use of adhesive patches to deliver drugs is what route?
Transdermal
Transdermal route of med is designed to …
Deliver consistent systemic amount of drug over a certain period of time
Process for otic med route
Tilt head with affected ear accessible, down & back <3 years, up and out >3 years of age, allow drops to fall down one side of external canal, gently press tragus 3 times
How long should affected ear be up after an otic administration?
5 minutes
Process for ophthalmic med administration…
Tilt head backwards & slightly towards affected side
Client will look up while gently putting pressure downward on lower eyelid
Squeeze into conjunctival sac & release lower lid
Close eyes
At what degree is a subcutaneous injection?
45-90 degree angle
How to inject subcutaneous injections?
Stabilize w/ non dominant hand, inject with dominant thumb & index finger
Inject directly into sub fatty tissue under dermal layer of the skin
What is the rate of absorption for subcutaneous route?
Faster than oral
Less vascular than muscle; slower than intramuscular route
What are the sites for subcutaneous injections?
Upper outer aspect of arm
Abdomen (2 inches from umbilicus)
Anterior thighs
