Routes Flashcards
(26 cards)
Percutaneous skin and musical membranes
Topical
Skin, nasal, eye, ear, vaginal, rectal
Routes of administration?
Oral, topical, inhalation, irrigation, parenteral (injection)
Drugs delivered into the GI tract. Easiest and most common used. Have a slower onset and a more prolonged effect. Rectal. Most reach therapeutic effects within how long?
Enteral administration. Reach effect within 30 minutes to 1 hour. Food may decrease therapeutic effect.
Aspiration precautions.
Forms of oral administration?
Capsules, lozenges or troches, tablets, capsules, emulsions, suspensions, syrups, elixir.
Water and oil
Particles in liquid base
Sugar base
A sweetened aromatic solution of alcohol and water
Emulsions
Suspensions
Syrups
Elixir
Granulated drug in gelatins
Powdered medication compresses into a flat round or oral disk that is held in the mouth until it dissolves
Compressed powdered
Capsules
Lozenges or troches
Tablets, capsules
What can be checked to see if it can be opened or dissolved in water or put in applesauce?
Capsule
Not usually possible if sustained release pellets inside
To be held in the mouth until it dissolves
Troches or lozenges
Liquid containing particles of solids that are mixed but not totally dissolved.
Suspensions
Must shake before using so medication is not centered on the bottom
Drugs applied to the skin and mucous membranes principally have local effects. Except for what, drugs applied these ways have a systemic effect?
Percutaneous administration.
Except for sublingual, buccal and patch (transdermal) have systemic.
May be irritating to the membrane
Cleanse and decried a wound
Accuzyme
Re-hydrate and reduce thickening of the kin, such as callus formation
Vitamin E cream
Reduce inflammation
Kenalog topical
Relieve localized signs or symptoms such as itching or rash
Benadryl
Provide a protective barrier
Vitamin A and D ointment
Topical anesthetic
Emla
How do you apply skin topical meds?
Use gloves. Use sterile technique if the patient has an open wound. Clean skin first.
Transdermal patch application>
Ask about patches during med history. Remove old ones before applying new. Document location of each patch. Apply label if difficult to see. Document removal.
Where do you put eye drops?
Lower conjunctival sac. Keep the dropper sterile.
Where do you put eye ointments?
Conjunctiva sac from inner canthus to outer canthus. Cleanse eyelids first from inner to outer canthus with gauze, having the pt look up. Must wear gloves. Use with one pt only. Only on affected eye. Close to distribute the dose.
Medication that resembles a contact lens?
Intraocular instillation (pilocarpine-glaucoma)
How to give ear drops?
Solution is sterile. Lie with affected ear up. Leave lying on side for 2-3 minutes. Massage the triages. Remove cotton ball that may be covering after 15 minutes.
How to give nose drops?
Put em in and blow, with head tilted backwards and then turn from side to side to distribute to the other sinuses.
How to give nasal spray?
Tilt head forward. Inhale while occluding other nostril, avoid blowing nose immediately after sprays. Inhaled drugs have a local effect but may have systemic effects.
