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AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate > Route 53 > Flashcards

Route 53 Flashcards

1
Q

How resilient is Route 53?

A

Globally resilient.

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2
Q

How many names servers are created when you host a domain on Route 53?

A

Four.

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3
Q

What service allows VPCs to access Route 53 name servers?

A

The Route 53 Resolver (if DNS support is enabled on the VPC).

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4
Q

What is the difference between a public hosted zone and a private hosted zone?

A

A public hosted zone is accessible from the public Internet. A private hosted zone is only accessible from the VPCs that are associated with it.

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5
Q

What is split-view or split-horizon DNS?

A

Using overlapping (or partially overlapping) public and private zone with the same name to provide different resources internally vs. publicly.

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6
Q

What is the different between a CNAME and an ALIAS?

A

A CNAME maps a NAME to another NAME (www.test.com => test.com) but cannot map the naked domain to another name (test.com => www.test.com). This means you can’t use a CNAME to point the naked domain at an Elastic Load Balancer, because ELB provides you with a DNS name, not an IP.

An ALIAS maps a NAME to an AWS resource. It can be used for both naked domains and normal records. ALIAS records are free for requests pointing at AWS resources. ALIAS should be the default choice when pointing at AWS services.

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7
Q

What does the type of an ALIAS need to match?

A

The type of the record it is pointing at. For example, if it is pointing at an A record (ELB), it should be an A record ALIAS.

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8
Q

When should you use Simple Routing in Route 53?

A

When you want to route requests towards one service such as a web server.

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9
Q

How many values are returned to the client when using Simple Routing?

A

All values.

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10
Q

What is a shortcoming of Simple Routing?

A

It doesn’t support Health Checks so all values are returned, even the values for unhealthy resources.

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11
Q

What are Health Checks?

A

Health Checks are status queries sent to from globally located Health Checkers. They are separate from, but used by Route 53 records.

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12
Q

How often to Health Checks run?

A

Every 30 seconds (or 10 seconds for an extra cost).

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13
Q

What do Health Checks look for?

A

TCP connection success, HTTP/HTTPS response code, or HTTP/HTTPS response code and response body string match.

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14
Q

What types of Health Checks are available?

A
  1. Endpoint - assesses the health of an endpoint
  2. CloudWatch Alarm - react to CloudWatch Alarms and can involve the CloudWatch Agent for in-app checking.
  3. Checks of Checks - an aggregation of checks
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15
Q

What is the threshold for a Health Check to report as health?

A

18+% of Health Checks report as healthy.

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16
Q

What is Failover Routing?

A

Failover Routing uses a primary and secondary record of the same name that points to two different resources. If the primary fails its Health Checks, queries will return the secondary record.

17
Q

When should you use Failover Routing?

A

When you want to configure active/passive failover. If the primary is active, queries should return the primary. If the primary is down, the system should passively failover to returning the secondary record.

18
Q

What is Multi Value Routing?

A

Multi Value Routing allows you to provide multiple records with the same name. Up to eight randomly selected healthy records are returned upon query. Unhealthy records won’t be returned.

19
Q

When should you use Multi Value Routing?

A

When you want to improve availability. If you have multiple resources that provide the same service and it doesn’t matter which resource a user is directed to, you can use Multi Value Routing. It is NOT a replacement for load balancing.

20
Q

What is Weighted Routing?

A

Many records with the same name are specified, but they have different weighting. The likelihood a record will be returned is weight/total weight. If weight = 0, that record is never returned (unless all records are 0). If the selected record is unhealthy, a new one will be chosen (i.e., it is not removed from the calculation).

21
Q

When should you use Weighted Routing?

A

For simple load balancing or testing new software versions (A/B testing).

22
Q

What is Latency-based Routing?

A

Many records with the same name will also have a record region specified that identifies where the endpoint resource is located. AWS maintains a latency table so that directs the user to the region with the lowest latency from their location. This is macro, not localized, but local issues can impact performace.

23
Q

When should you use Latency-based Routing?

A

When you are trying to optimize performance and user experience.

24
Q

What is Geolocation Routing?

A

Geolocation Routing returns relevant location records, NOT the closest records. Records are tagged with a location (US state, country, continent, or default). GeoIP is used to locate the user and then the records are checked in order:

  1. State
  2. Country
  3. Continent
  4. Default
  5. NO ANSWER
25
Q

When should you use Geolocation Routing?

A

When you want to return different results based on the location/market the user is in. It can be used for regional restriction, language specific content, or load balancing across regional endpoints.

26
Q

What is Geoproximity Routing?

A

Records are tagged with an AWS Region or lat/long coordinates. AWS geolocates the incoming request and the closest (distance, not latency) record is returned. You can a +/- bias to influence the calculation by making resource for a particular record appear closer or farther away.

27
Q

When should you use Geoproximity Routing?

A

When you want to return records based on proximity (not latency) and be able to influence the results by providing bias for resources.

28
Q

What two jobs does Route 53 perform?

A

Route 53 can be a Domain Registrar, provide Domain Hosting, or do both.

29
Q

Where does Route 53 create zone files?

A

On the four name servers that it allocates.

30
Q

In what Region must the keys used for DNSSEC with Route 53 be located?

A

us-east-1.

31
Q

Who is responsible for Zone Signing Key (ZSK) creation and rotation?

A

It is handled by Route 53 internally.

AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate (49 decks)

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