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Roussillon Flashcards

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1
Q

What department contains Roussillon? What is the VDP?

A

Pyrénées Orientales.

Côtes Catalanes VDP

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2
Q

Who created mutage?

A

Arnaud de Villeneuve, a 13th century physician in Rivesaltes.

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3
Q

What styles are authorized for Rivesaltes AOP?

A

All VDN:
-Grenat
-Ambré
-Tuilé
-Rosé
-Hors d’Age (Tuilé or Ambré)
-Rancio (Tuilé or Ambré)

-All Grenache (Noir/Blanc/Gris), Tourbat, and/or Macabeu, plus.
-Grenat is the exception: 100% Grenache

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4
Q

What does Hors d’Age indicate on a bottle of Rivesaltes or Maury?

A

Minimum 5 years of aging

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5
Q

What are the aging requirements for Grenat Rivesaltes?

A

Aged reductively until May 1st of the year following the harvest, bottled no later than June 30th of the second year after harvest.

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6
Q

What are the aging requirements for Ambré and Tuilé Rivesaltes?

A

Aged oxidatively for 3 years.

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7
Q

What are bonbonnes?

A

Large glass jugs used for aging Rancio Rivesaltes in the sun.

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8
Q

What is Malvoisie de Rousillon?

A

Tourbat

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9
Q

What is the minimum RS, and potential alcohol of Rivesaltes?

A

RS: 45g/L
Alcohol: 21.5% (15% acquired)

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10
Q

What is Muscat de Rivesaltes?

A

VDN made from Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains and Muscat d’Alexandrie.
RS: 100g/L
Alcohol: 21.5% (15% acquired)

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11
Q

May Muscat de Rivesaltes produce Muscat de Noël?

A

YES

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12
Q

What are the authorized styles of Maury?

A

Rouge: 60-80% Grenache, plus Carignan, Mourvèdre, Syrah
VDN Blanc and Ambré: Grenache Blanc, Grenache Gris, Macabeu, and/or Tourbat
VDN Grenat and Tuilé: Grenache, plus (may be 100%)
VDN Rancio
VDN Hors d’Age

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13
Q

T/F: Maury, Rivesaltes, Banyuls, and Rasteau follow the same must weight, RS, and potential alcohol requirements.

A

TRUE. (Therefore?)

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14
Q

T/F: Vintage dating is required for all Maury wines

A

FALSE. It is optional for Ambré and Tuilé

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15
Q

What are the aging requirements for Maury VDN Blanc and Grénat?

A

Must be bottled no later than June 30 of the 2nd year following the harvest; may be released as early as May 1st of the year following the harvest.

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16
Q

What are the aging requirements for Maury VDN Ambré and Tuilé?

A

Aged in glass or other sealed containers, released no earlier than March 1st of the 3rd year after harvest.

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17
Q

What is France’s most consistently high-quality VDN appellation?

A

Banyuls

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18
Q

What are the styles of Banyuls?

A
  • Blanc, Rosé and Ambré: Grenache Blanc, Grenache Gris, Macabeu, and/or Tourbat, plus
  • Traditionnel: min. 50% Grenache, plus Grenache Gris, plus
  • Hors d’Age
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19
Q

What is Rimage?

A

Vintage dated Banyuls, released May 1st of the year following the harvest. Generally aged reductively (think vintage port v. tawny port).

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20
Q

What are the requirements for Banyuls Grand Cru AOP?

A
  • Rouge only, plus Hors d’Age and Rancio
  • min. 75% Grenache, plus Grenache Blanc, Grenache Gris, Macabeu, Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains, Muscat d’Alexandrie, and/or Tourbat
  • Aging: min 30mos in barrel, not released before June 1st of the the third year after harvest.
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21
Q

What does Brut/Dry/Sec indicate on a bottle of Banyuls Grand Cru?

A

Max. 45-54 g/L of Residual Sugar.

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22
Q

What is Grand Rousillon AOP?

A
  • An AOP for VDN Blanc, Rosé, Rouge, and Rancio wines with an RS of 45 g/L, and minimum potential alcohol of 21.5% (15% acquired).
  • Basically, generic Rousillon VDN that either falls outside of, or fails to meet the other requirements of, the other VDN appellations.
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23
Q

When did Maury Rouge gain AOP status?

A

2011

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24
Q

What are the styles and assemblages for Collioure?

A
  • Blanc: Grenache Blanc, Grenache Gris, Macabeu, Marsanne, Roussanne, Tourbat, and/or Vermentino
  • Rouge: Grenache, Mourvèdre, Syrah, and/or Carignan
  • Rosé: Grenache, Mourvèdre, Syrah, Carignan, and/or Grenache Gris

Whites may be 100% varietal

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25
Q

Where is the Vallée d’Agly, and what is the major soil type?

A

The Vallée d’Agly runs through Maury in the northwest of Côtes du Rousillon-Villages, and consists of black schistous rock.

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26
Q

What are the styles and assemblages of Côtes du Roussillon?

A

Blanc: min. 50% combined Grenache, Tourbat, and Macabeu, plus
Rouge/Rosé: min. 80% combined Grenache, Mourvèdre, Syrah, and Carignan

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27
Q

What is the subzone of Côtes du Roussillon moved to Cotes de Roussillon-Villages? How does its assemblage differ?

A

Les Aspres

Red only. Must be a blend of at least 3 varieties rather than 2.

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28
Q

Are Nouveau wines permitted in Côtes du Roussillon?

A

Yes, in all three colors.

Not permitted for Les Aspres.

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29
Q

What styles are permitted for Côtes du Roussillon-Villages? What is the assemblage?

A

Red only: min. 80% combined Grenache, Mourvèdre, Syrah, and Carignan, plus Lladoner Pelut

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30
Q

What are the four geographic designations of Côtes du Rousillon-Villages?

A
  • Caramany
  • Latour-de-France
  • Lesquerde
  • Tautavel
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31
Q

Which two geographic designations of Côtes du Roussillon-Villages require carbonic maceration for Carignan?

A
  • Caramany
  • Lesquerde
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32
Q

Which geographic designation has a longer aging requirement (Oct 1st rather than Feb 15th)?

A

Tautavel

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33
Q

Which mountain chain in the Pyrénées separates Banyuls from Emporda?

A

Chaîne des Albères

34
Q

To be labeled Grand Cru, Banyuls must spend a minimum ______ months in barrel.

A

30 months

35
Q

Unfortified red, white, and rosé wines from the producers of Banyuls are released as _________________.

A

Collioure AOP

36
Q

What principal variety or varieties are used in Banyuls Blanc?

A

Grenache Blanc, Grenache Gris, Macabeu, Tourbat

37
Q

Additional requirements of Banyuls Grand Cru “Hors d’Age”

A

Wines released in fifth year

38
Q

What % of France’s fortified wines are made in Roussillon?

A

90%

39
Q

What are the wine styles allowed in Riversaltes AOP?

A

VDN Grenat
VDN Ambre
VDN Tuille
VDN Rose
VDN Hors d’Age (Tuille or Ambre)
VDN Rancio (Tuille or Ambre)

40
Q

Synonym for Malvoise de Roussillon?

A

Tourbat

41
Q

Synonym for Muscat d’Alexandria:

A

Muscat Romain

42
Q

What is Ambre Riversaltes and how is it made?

A

Grenache (Blanc, Gris, Noir), Tourbat, Macabeo, max 20% combined Muscat a Petit Grain and Muscat Alexandria
Must be aged in an oxidative environment until at least Mar 1st of the third year

43
Q

Riversalte Ambre: min % ABV, min RS

A

Min % abv: 21.5%
Min RS: 45 g/L

44
Q

Riversaltes Grenat: Grape, Production

A

100% Grenache
- aged in reductive environment until May 1st of following year, 3 months in bottle

45
Q

Riversaltes Grenat: Min % abv, Min RS

A

Min % abv: 21.5%
Min RS: 45 g/L

46
Q

Riversaltes Rose: Grapes, Production

A

Grenache (Blanc, Gris, Noir), Tourbat, Macabeo
- must be bottled no later than Dec 31st of the year following harvest

47
Q

Riversaltes Tuille: Grapes, Production

A

Grenache (Blanc, Gris, Noir) Tourbat, Macabeo
- Must be aged in oxidative environment until March 1st of third year following harvest

48
Q

What is Riversaltes Hors d’Age?

A

Tuille or Ambre
- aged until Sept 1st of fifth year following harvest

49
Q

When Riversaltes is made entirely from Muscat what may it be labelled?

A

Muscat de Riversaltes

50
Q

What’s the min RS for wines labelled Muscat de Riversaltes AOP?

A

100 g/L RS

51
Q

What wine styles are allowed in Maury AOP?

A

Rouge
VDN: Blanc, Ambre, Grenat, Tuille, Hors d’Age, Rancio

52
Q

What are the grape varieties allowed for unfortified reds in Maury AOP?

A

60-80% Grenache, with Carignan, Mouvedre, Syrah

53
Q

Min RS for VDN wines from Maury AOP?

A

45 g/L RS

54
Q

What wine styles are allowed in Banyuls AOP?

A

VDN: Blanc, Ambre, Rose, Rimage, Traditionnel, Hors d’Age

55
Q

Regarding Banyuls AOP, what is “rimage”?

A

Vintage-dated red wine that may not be released until May 1st of the year following
Principal Varieties: Grenache
Accessory Varieties: Max. 10% combined Carignan, Cinsault, Counoise, Grenache Gris, Syrah, and Mourvèdre

56
Q

What % of Grenache is required for Traditionnel wines from Banyuls?

A

50%

57
Q

What are the wine styles allowed in Banyuls Grand Cru AOP?

A

VDN Rouge
VDN Rouge d’Hors Age
VDN Rouge Rancio

58
Q

Min % of Grenache required for Banyuls Grand Cru AOP?

A

75% of blend

59
Q

How long must Banyuls Grand Cru AOP must stay in oak?

A

30 months

60
Q

What are unfortified red/white/rose wines from Banyuls released as?

A

Collioure AOP

61
Q

What is the name of the regional appellation for dry red/white/rose wines from Roussillon?

A

Cotes de Roussillon AOP

62
Q

What is “Les Apres” in Roussillon?

A
  • a subzone of Cotes de Roussillon
  • for Syrah and Mouvedre-based wines form the villages within Les Apres and the Alberes mountains
63
Q

Cotes de Roussillon Villages AOP: Rouge

A
  • min 2 varieties
  • min 80% Grenache (max 70%) Carignan (max 60%) Syrah and Mouvedre
64
Q

What villages are allowed to add their name to the Cotes de Roussillon Villages AOP:

A

Latour-de-France
Caramany
Lesquerde
Tautavel
Les Apres

65
Q

What does “Riversaltes” mean?

A

“High Riverbeds” in Catalan

66
Q

What vessels is Riversaltes aged in?

A

Bonbonnes

67
Q

What is the southernmost wine appellation in France?

A

Banyuls AOP

68
Q

What is the over-arching IGP for the Languedoc-Roussillon region?

A

Pays d’Oc IGP

69
Q

What AOPs in Roussillon permit still rose styles?

A

Cotes du Roussillon
Collioure
Grand Roussillon
Riversaltes
Banyuls (VDN) only

70
Q

Unfortified white/red/rose wines from Banyuls may be released as which AOP?

A

Collioure AOP

71
Q

What is the over-arching IGP for the Languedoc/Roussillon area?

A

Pays d’Oc IGP

72
Q

What is the wine that blows down through the gap between the Massif Central and the Pyrenees?

A

The Tramontane

73
Q

What style of wines are permitted for Cotes du Roussillon-Village?

A

Red-only

74
Q

Which mountain chain in the Pyrenees separates Banyuls from Emporda?

A

Chaine des Alberes

75
Q

T/F Maury, Rivesaltes, Banyuls, Rasteau, follow the same must weight, RS, and potential alcohol requirements?

A

True
min alcohol 21%
min must weight 252 g/L
min RS 45 g/L

76
Q

Which two Roussillon VDN styles require oxidative environment?

A

Ambre & Tuille

77
Q

What rivers run through Roussillon?

A

Agly
Tet
Tech

78
Q

What is Banyul Grand Cru?

A

Rough-only “Hors d’Age” and “Rancio”
min 75% Grenache

79
Q

What are the unfortified AOP of Roussillon?

A
  • Collioure
  • Cotes du Roussillon
  • Cotes du Roussillon-Villages
  • Maury
80
Q

What are the variety requirements of Rivesaltes?

A

Grenat, 100% Grenache Noir

81
Q

What are the 5 communes of Cotes du Roussillon?

A

Latour-de-France
Caramany
Les Apres
Lesquerde
Tautavel

France - Southern (9 decks)

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