Languedoc-Roussillon #2 Flashcards

19
Q

What are the styles and varietals of Bandol?

A

Rouge/Rosé: 50-95% Mourvèdre plus Cinsault, Grenache, plus

White: 50-95% Clairette, plusBouboulenc, Ugni Blanc, plus

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20
Q

What are the styles and varietals of Palette?

A

White: min 55% Picardin, Clairette, Bourboulenc, plus

Rosé/Red: min 50% Grenache, Mourvèdre, Cinsault, plus

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21
Q

What is the min. aging for Palette Rouge?

A

18 mos wood

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22
Q

In what AOP of Provence is hand-harvesting required?

A

Bandol AOP

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23
Q

Coteaux Varois en Provence

Styles and varietals

A
  • White: Vermentino, Grenache Blanc, Clairette
  • Rosé/Red: Cinsault, Grencache, Mourvèdre, Syrah (max 90%)
    • White grapes are authorized for Rosé
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24
Q

Coteaux d’Aix-en-Provence

Styles and Varietals

A
  • White: min 50% Vermentino, plus
  • Rosé/Red: min 70% Grenache plus Mourvèdre, Syrah, Cinsault, Counoise, plus
    • White grapes are authorized for Rosé
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25
Q

How long must Crémant de Limoux sit with the lees prior to dégorgement?

A

9 months

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26
Q

Who is Arnaud de Villeneuve?

A
  • 13th century physician from Rivesaltes
  • Introduced the process of mutage as means of medicinal elixir
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27
Q

mutage sur jus

vs.

mutage sur grains

A
  • sur jus* - fortified after skins removed
  • sur grains* - fortified with skins
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28
Q

Languedoc

Breakdown

A
  • red - 76%
  • rosé - 10%
  • white - 6%
  • sparkling - 5%
  • naturally sweet (VDN) - 3%
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29
Q

Winds of Languedoc-Roussillon

A
  • Tramontane - cool from NW
  • Cers - dry from W; cool in winter, warm in summer
  • Sirocco - dry and warm from S
  • Autan - from SE; cool in winter, warm in summer
  • * Marin - damp, salty air from Mediterranean
  • * Mistral - cold drying air near Rhone River delta

all have moderating effect on otherwise hot climate

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30
Q

Fitou AOP

Year Established

A

1948

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31
Q

Côtes du Roussillon AOP

Year Established

A

1977

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32
Q

Côtes du Roussillon-Villages AOP and subzones

Styles/Assemblage

A
  • all min 2 varieties
  • all min 80 comb principal
  • all max 70 Grenache

Côtes du Roussillon Villages - Rouge

Gren, Car (max 60), Syr, Mour (max 70 each, min 30 comb), plus Llad Pel

“Caramany”

Gren, Car (max 60), Syr (40-70); plus Llad Pel

“Latour-de-France”

Gren, Car (max 60), Syr, Mour (max 70 each, min 30 comb); plus Llad Pel

“Lesquerde”

Gren, Car (max 60), Syr (30-70); plus Llad Pel

“Tautavel”

Gren, Car (max 50), Syr, Mour (max 70 each, min 30 comb); plus Llad Pel (min 20 comb Llad Pel and Gren)

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33
Q

What are the primary soils of Côtes du Roussillon?

A

Shist - Banyuls, Maury, Fitoux Montagneux

Granite

Gneiss

Clay/Limestone - Fitoux Maritime

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34
Q

What are the primary soils of La Clape?

A

hard limestone, red stony clay, stones and boulders

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35
Q

What are the soils of Malepere?

A

chalk, clay with granite

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36
Q

Banyuls Grand Cru AOP

Elévage

A

Banyuls Grand Cru:

min 30 months barrel, June 1 of the 3rd year following the harvest

Banyuls Grand Cru “Hors d’Age”:

Sept 1 of the 5th year following the harvest (same as Rivesaltes “Hors d’Age”)

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37
Q

IGP Aude - 9 sub-zones added to the label

  • Name a sub-zone in Malepère known for white wines.
  • Which sub-zone is “Z” shaped, SE of Carcassonne?
  • Which is southernmost of Corbières at high altitude?
A

Côtes de Lastours - within AOC Cabardès, N of Carcassonne

Côtes de Prouilhe - W of Aude in Malepère; prim white

Coteaux de Miramont - N of Alaric Mtns; prim red, rosé

Coteaux de la Cabrerisse - very small, center Corbières

Hauterive - small; along river Orbieu, N Corbières

Pays de Cucugnan - high alt; southernmost Corbières

Val de Cesse - hills Montagne Noire, E Minervois

La Côte Révée - small coastal; S Narbonne around Leucate

Val de Dagne - “Z” shaped; SE of Carcassonne (btwn Carcassonne and Lezignan); Alaric Mtns

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38
Q

Gard IGP - all 3 red, white, rosé

Coteaux du Pont du Gard

What does this IGP crossover?

A
  • red: full, Mediteranean and International
  • white, rosé: light, early consumption
  • easternmost IGP of Languedoc; crossover to Tavel and Lirac
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39
Q

Gard IGP - all 3 red, white, rosé

Cévennes

What’s on the rise?

A
  • red: more elegant and aromatic than Ctx du Pont du Gard

  • white, rosé: fresh, crisp acidity
  • rosé on the rise
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40
Q

Gard IGP - all 3 red, white, rosé

Sables de Camargue/Sables du Golf du Lion

What is this IGP famous for?

A
  • red, white, rosé
  • btwn Les Saintes Maries de la Mer and le Cap d’Agde
  • purely coastal
  • famous for pale rosés from sandy soils
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41
Q

7 IGPs of the Herault

A
  • all red, white, rosé

Coteaux de Béziers

formerly known as Coteaux du Libron; near Béziers; mainly varietally labelled; low-to-mid price points; new zone allowed as of 2011

Coteaux d’Ensérune

W Béziers; near Oppidum d’Ensérune; Maraussan - one of 1st cave co-op in France, est 1905

Côtes de Thau

6 comm around Lake of Thau (Etang de Thau), similar area to AOC Picpou de Pinet; 75% white - Chard, Viog, SBlanc; 4 cave co-op

Côtes de Thongue

23 villages, triangle of Faugères-Pézenas-Béziers; 165-330 ft (50-100m); 70 domaines, 5 co-op; good rep for full, fruity reds; 70% exported to Europe and USA

Haute Vallée de l’Orb

small, Black Mtns meet Cévennes Mtns; roughly same area as AOC Saint Chinian Roquebrun; wide variety soil types; up to 1,320 ft (400m) alt; aromatic, mineral, fresh; most sold via cellar door form 10 local producers

St. Guilhem le Désert

hillside, near UNESCO St Guilhem le Désert - medieval village, Roman, post for pilgrimage to Santiago do Compostela (Galicia, Spain); small, only 5 communes, but high quality; Aniane - home to famous IGP producers; request to go from 5 to 71 communes due to high reputation; *Val de Montferrand - subzone may be added to IGP; whites from domains in Pic St Loup

Vicomté d’Aumelas (50 red, 25 white, 25 rosé)

btwn Montpellier and Béziers (heart of region), N of Sète; 14 communes both sides A750 motorway; dry climate, varied soil, pred stones and limestone; lighter, fresher wines than other IGPs in départment

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42
Q

Herualt IGP - all red, white, rosé

Coteaux de Béziers

What was Coteaux de Béziers formerly known as?

A

Coteaux de Béziers

  • formerly known as Coteaux du Libron
  • near Béziers
  • mainly varietally labeled
  • low-to-mid price points
  • new zone allowed as of 2011
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43
Herualt IGP - all red, white, rosé **Coteaux d'Ensérune** What is the significance of Maraussan?
**Coteaux d'Ensérune** ## Footnote - W Béziers - near Oppidum d'Ensérune - _Maraussan_ - _one of 1st cave co-op in France, est 1905_
44
Herualt IGP - all red, white, rosé **Côtes de Thau** How many cave co-operatives are located here?
**Côtes de Thau** ## Footnote - 6 comm around Lake of Thau (Etang de Thau), similar area to AOC Picpou de Pinet - 75% white - Chard, Viog, SBlanc - _4 cave co-op_
45
Herualt IGP - all red, white, rosé **Côtes de Thongue** Côtes de Thongue is a good representation for what style of wines?
**Côtes de Thongue** ## Footnote - 23 villages, triangle of Faugères-Pézenas-Béziers - 165-330 ft (50-100m) - 70 domaines, 5 co-op - good rep for _full, fruity reds_ (vs Côtes de Thau (S), mostly white) - 70% exported to Europe and USA
46
Herualt IGP - all red, white, rosé **Haute Vallée de l'Orb** Haute Vallée de l'Orb is roughly the same area as what AOC?
**Haute Vallée de l'Orb** ## Footnote - small, Black Mtns meet Cévennes Mtns - roughly same area as _AOC Saint Chinian Roquebrun_ - wide variety soil types - up to 1,320 ft (400m) alt - aromatic, mineral, fresh - most sold via cellar door form 10 local producers
47
Herualt IGP - all red, white, rosé **St. Guilhem le Désert** What subzone may be added to the IGP St. Guilhem le Désert?; describe the wines from the subzone.
**St. Guilhem le Désert** ## Footnote - hillside, near UNESCO St Guilhem le Désert - medieval village, Roman, post for pilgrimage to Santiago do Compostela (Galicia, Spain) - small, only 5 communes, but high quality - Aniane - home to famous IGP producers - request to go from 5 to 71 communes due to high reputation - \*_Val de Montferrand_ - subzone may be added to IGP; _whites from domains in Pic St Loup_
48
Herualt IGP - all red, white, rosé **Vicomté d'Aumelas** (50 red, 25 white, 25 rosé) Are the wines lighter or fuller in style than other IGPs in the Herault département?
**Vicomté d'Aumelas** (50 red, 25 white, 25 rosé) ## Footnote - btwn Montpellier and Béziers (heart of region), N of Sète - 14 communes both sides A750 motorway - dry climate, varied soil, mostly stones and limestone - _lighter, fresher_ wines than other IGPs in départment
49
7 IGP Aude - all red, white and rosé
**Cité de Carcassonne** ## Footnote medieval "cité" Carcassonne; 52 red, 32 rosé, 16 white; varied grapes - Med and Atl; pretty cool; 28 in rain; fruity, higher acid; 7,500 acres (3,000 ha) from Malepère to W Minervois, NW Corbières **Coteaux de Narbonne** 6 communes btwn Narbonne and sea; approx same as AOC La Clape; dry, less than 20 in rain/yr; mostly red; mostly Med w/ some Cab Sauv, Mer, Chard, Sauv Blanc; high quality, mineral, some age-ability **Le Pays Cathare** huge in size, entire Aude plus 60 communes neighbor dept Ariège, but small production \> most release as IGP Aude **Vallée du Paradis** central Corbières, 12 communes; rugged, 900ft (300m); Tramontane 200 days/yr; 24 in rain; 60 red, 30 rosé, 10 white **Vallée du Torgan** VdP 1987, 3,000 acres (1,200 ha) around villages Tuchan, Paziols in AOC Fitou; small, varied; diverse soils: schist, clay, limestone; ann prod varies dep climatic (summer drought); co-op Tuchan-Paziols is largest; large replant prgrm in last 15 yrs \> Merlot in alluvial, Verdouble River, Syrah on poorer hillsides \> result, high quality IGP **Coteaux du Peyriac** central Minervois, below La Liviniere to Canal du Midi; rocky foothills Montagne Noire to fertile flatlands low lying Minervois; broad - all 3 colors Med, Atl, Int varieties **Haute Vallée de l'Aude** large, same borders as Malepère and Limoux AOCs; varied soils; relatively cool climate; range of grapes - Chenin Blanc, Viognier, Sauv Blanc; if you were to plant Riesling and Grüner, this would be the place
50
Aude IGP - all red, white, rosé **Coteaux de Narbonne** Coteaux de Narbonne covers approximately the same area as what AOC?
**Coteaux de Narbonne** ## Footnote - 6 communes btwn Narbonne and sea - approx same as AOC _La Clape_ - dry, less than 20 in rain/yr - mostly red; mostly Med w/ some Cab Sauv, Mer, Chard, Sauv Blanc - high quality, mineral, some age-ability
51
Aude IGP - all red, white, rosé **Cité de Carcassonne** Is Cité de Carcassonne a cooler or warmer climate?
**Cité de Carcassonne** ## Footnote - medieval "cité" Carcassonne - 52 red, 32 rosé, 16 white; varied grapes Med and Atl - 28 in rain - fruity, _higher acid (pretty cool)_ - 7,500 acres (3,000 ha) from Malepère to W Minervois, NW Corbières
52
Aude IGP - all red, white, rosé **Le Pays Cathare** Le Pays Cathare covers the entire Aude and how many communes in what neighboring département?
**Le Pays Cathare** ## Footnote - huge in size (entire Aude plus _60 communes_ of neighboring _dépt Ariège_), but small production - most release as IGP Aude
53
Aude IGP - all red, white, rosé **Vallée du Paradis** How many days per year is Vallée du Paradis affected by Tramontane winds?
**Vallée du Paradis** ## Footnote - central Corbières, 12 communes - rugged, 900ft (300m) - _Tramontane 200 days/yr_ - 24 in rain - 60 red, 30 rosé, 10 white
54
Aude IGP - all red, white, rosé **Vallée du Torgan** What is the largest co-op in Vallée du Torgan?
**Vallée du Torgan** ## Footnote - VdP 1987, 3,000 acres (1,200 ha) around villages Tuchan, Paziols in AOC Fitou - small, varied - diverse soils: schist, clay, limestone - ann prod varies dep climatic (summer drought) - co-op _Tuchan-Paziols_ is largest - large replant prgrm in last 15 yrs \> Merlot in alluvial, along Verdouble River, Syrah on poorer hillsides \> result, high quality IGP
55
Aude IGP - all red, white, rosé **Coteaux du Peyriac** Where is Coteaux du Peyriac located?
**Coteaux de Peyriac** ## Footnote - _central Minervois, below La Liviniere to Canal du Midi_ - rocky foothills Montagne Noire to fertile flatlands low lying Minervois - broad - all 3 colors Med, Atl, Int varieties
56
Aude IGP - all red, white, rosé **Haute Vallée de l'Aude** Haute Vallée de l'Aude shares the same borders as what two AOCs?
**Haute Valle de L'Aude** ## Footnote - large, same borders as _Malepère_ and _Limoux_ AOCs - varied soils - relatively cool climate - range of grapes: Chenin Blanc, Viognier, Sauv Blanc; if you were to plant Riesling and Grüner, this would be the place
57
Cabardès AOP Styles
_Rouge and Rosé_: ## Footnote P: min 40 comb **Cab Franc**, **Cab Sauv**, **Mer**; min 40 comb **Gren**, **Syrah** A: **Cot**, **Cins**, and **Fer**
58
Cabardès AOP Size
**383 ha**
59
Cabardès AOP Year Established
**1999**
60
Clairette du Languedoc AOP Styles
* **Blanc** * 100% _Clairette_; min 12% abv; max 45 g/l rs * **Blanc "Rancio"** * min 14% abv; Nov 1st 3rd year after harvest * **Vin de Liqueur Blanc** * min 12.5% abv; 9-40 g/l rs
61
Clairette du Languedoc AOP Size
**77 ha**
62
fClairette du Languedoc AOP Year Established
**1948**
63
fffCorbières AOP ## Footnote Styles
_Rouge_: min 2 (red wine dominates, almost 95% prod) * P: min 50 **Grenache**, **Lladoner Pelut**, **Mourvedre**, **Syrah**; plus **Carignan** * A: max 50 **Carignan**, **Piquepoul Noir**, **Terret Noir**; max 20 **Cinsault**, max 10 **Grenache Gris** _Rosé_: min 2 (3% prod) * P: min 25 **Grenache**, **Lladoner Pelut**, **Mourvedre**, **Piquepoul Noir**, **Syrah**; max 75 **Cinsualt**; max 50 **Carignan** * A: max 50 **Carignan**, **Terret Noir**, **Grenache Gris**; max 10 white varieties _Blanc_: (2% prod) * P: min 90 **Bourboulenc**, **Grenache Blanc**, **Marsanne**, **Macabeu**, **Roussanne**, **Vermentino** * A: max 10 **Clairette**, **Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains**, **Piquepoul Blanc**, **Terret Blanc**
64
Corbières AOP ## Footnote Size
**13,034 ha** * Region's largest AOC, 46% of production in 2005
65
Corbières AOP ## Footnote Year Established
**1985**
66
Corbières-Boutenac AOP ## Footnote Styles
_Rouge:_ (vs. White, Rosé and Rouge for Corbières) * min 70 comb **Gren**, **Mour**, **Car** (Car 30-50); more **Syrah**
67
Corbières-Boutenac AOP ## Footnote Year Established
**2005** ## Footnote (vs. Corbières 1985)
68
Crémant de Limoux AOP Styles
**Vin Mousseux Blanc and Rosé** * **max 90 Chard (min 50), Chenin Blanc (10-40); plus max 20 combined Mauzac, Pinot Noir (max 15)**
69
Crémant de Limoux AOP ## Footnote Size
**482 ha**
70
Crémant de Limoux AOP ## Footnote Year Established
**1990**
71
Crémant de Limoux AOP ## Footnote Sparkling Wine Requirements
* Traditional Method Secondary Fermentation * min **9 mo** on lees prior to dégorgement, may not be released for a min **12 mo** after the date of tirage * min **3.5** atm of press
72
Faugères AOP ## Footnote Styles
* _Blanc_: * P: 30-70 **Rouss**; max 70 each **Gren Bl**, **Mars**, **Verm** * A: max. 10 comb **Clair**, **Viog** * _Rouge and Rosé_: * P: min 50 comb **Gren**, **Llad Pel** (min 20 and/or), **Mour** (min 5), **Syr** (min 15) * C: 10-40 **Car** * A: max 20 **Cins**
73
Faugères AOP ## Footnote Size
**1,927 ha** ## Footnote (vs 13,034 ha - Corbieres, largest)
74
Faugères AOP ## Footnote Year Established
**1982**
75
Fitou AOP ## Footnote Styles
_Red_: * min 60 comb **Gren** (min 20), **Car** (min 20), min 10 comb **Syr**, **Mour** * Lladoner Pelut vines planted prior to May 2001 comb with Gren and Car for a min 60%
76
Fitou AOP ## Footnote Size
**2, 562 ha** ## Footnote (vs 13,034 ha - Corbieres, largest)
77
Languedoc AOP ## Footnote Assemblage
* _Blanc_: min 2, max 80% any single * P: **Bourb**, **Clair**, **Gren Bl**, **Mars**, **Piq Bl**, **Rouss**, **Tour**, **Verm** * _Rosé and Rouge_: min 2, max 80% any single * P: min 40 comb **Gren**, **Syr**, **Mour**, **Llad Pel** * A: max 30 (exc Carignan, Cinsault)
78
Languedoc AOP ## Footnote Size
**9,661 ha** ## Footnote (vs 13,034 Corbières largest)
79
Languedoc AOP ## Footnote Year Established
**1977** (as AOC)
80
Côtes du Roussillon AOP ## Footnote Encepagement
* _Blanc_: min 2 (none may exceed 80%) * P: min 50 **G Bl**, **Mac**, **Tour** (Malvoisie du Roussillon) * C: **G Gr**, **Mars**, **Rouss,** **Verm** * _Blanc Primeur/Nouveau_ * _Rosé:_ min 2 (none may exceed 70%) * P: min 80 **G**, **M**, **S** (min 25 M, S), **Car** (max 50) * A: **Cins**, **G Gr**, **Mac**, **Llad Pel** * _Rouge_: min 2 (none may exceed 70%) * P: min 80 **G**, **M**, **S** (min 25 M, S), **Car** (max 50) * A: **Cins**, **Llad Pel** * _Rouge Primeur/Nouveau_
81
Côtes de Roussillon ## Footnote Assemblage
* _Blanc_: min 2 (No principal may exceed 80%) * min 50 **Grenache**, **Tourbat**, **Macabeu** * _Rosé/Rouge_: min 2 (No principal may exceed 80%) * **Grenache**, **Mourvèdre**, **Syrah**, **Carignan** * plus **Cinsault**, **Lladoner Pelut** (No accessory may exceed 20%) * \*Côtes du Roussillon "Les Aspres": min 3, no 2 combined may exceed 90%
82
Côtes du Roussillon AOP Size
**5,885 ha** ## Footnote (vs 13,034 ha - Corbières, largest)
83
What four communes may add their names to the Côtes du Roussillon appellation?
* **Latour-de-France** * **Caramany** * **Tautavel** * **Lesquerde**
84
What two Côtes du Roussillon-Villages subzones *do not* permit Mourvédre?
* **Caramany** * **Lesquerde** ## Footnote (both on the western side)
85
What two Côtes du Roussillon-Villages subzones permit Mourvédre?
* **Tautavel** * **Latour-de-France** ## Footnote (both on the eastern side)
86
Collioure AOP Styles and Encépagement
* _Blanc_: * P: **Gren Bl**, **Gren Gr**, **Mac**, **Mars**, **Rouss**, **Tour** (Malv du Rouss), **Verm** * A: **Car Bl**, plus max 15 comb **Musc Bl**, **Musc Alex** * _Rosé_: * P: **Gren**, **Mour**, **Syr**, **Car**, **Gren Gr** * A: **Cins**, **Coun** * _Rouge_: * P: **Gren**, **Mour**, **Syr**, **Car** * A: **Cins**, **Coun**
87
Collioure AOP ## Footnote Size
**572 ha**
88
Collioure AOC ## Footnote Year Established
**Collioure 1977** ## Footnote vs other Roussillon AOC Banyuls 1936 Banyuls Grand Cru 1962 Côtes du Roussillon 1977 Côtes du Roussillon Villages 1977 Maury 1936 Muscat de Rivesaltes 1956 Rivesaltes 1956
89
Roussillon AOCs ## Footnote Years Established - oldest to newest
* **Banyuls 1936** * **Maury 1936** * **Muscat de Rivesaltes 1956** * **Rivesaltes 1956** * **Banyuls Grand Cru 1962** * **Collioure 1977** * **Côtes du Roussillon 1977** * **Côtes du Roussillon Villages 1977**
90
What is the only appellation in which Mediterranean and Atlantic (Bordeaux) grapes are mandatorily combined?
**Cabardès** _Rouge, as for Rosé_: * P: min 40 **Cabernet Franc**, **Cabernet Sauvignon**, **Merlot**; min 40 **Grenache**, **Syrah** * A: Cot, Cinsault, Fer
91
Picpoul de Pinet AOP ## Footnote Styles
_White_: 100% Piquepoul White (Picpoul)
92
What are the soils of Picpoul de Pinet?
**Sand** and **Pebbles**
93
What are the primary soils of the Languedoc?
**Clay/Limestone**
94
What are the soils of Limoux?
**Limestone**/**Clay**
95
What are the soils of Cabardès?
**chalk**, **pebbles**, **granite**, **schist** and **gneiss**
96
What are the soils of Saint-Chinian?
mostly **Schist** * As w/ Saint-Chinian Berlou and Saint-Chinian Roquebrun * Other parts some clay, limestone, sandstone
97
What are the soils of Faugeres?
exclusively **Schist**
98
Banyuls Grand Cru AOP Styles
* **VDN Rouge** * **VDN Rouge "Hors d'Age"** * **VDN Rouge "Rancio"** * P: min 75 Grenache, plus Gren Bl, Gren Gr, Mac, Musc Bl, Musc d'Alex (Muscat Romain), Tourb (Malvoisie du Roussillon) * A: max 10 Carig, Coun, Cin, Mour, Syr
99
Banyuls Granc Cru AOP ## Footnote Size
**210 ha** ## Footnote (vs. 927 ha Banyuls)
100
Banyuls Grand Cru AOP ## Footnote Year Established
**1962** ## Footnote (vs 1936 Banyuls)
101
Corbières AOP ## Footnote Rouge
_Rouge_: min 2 (red wine dominates, almost 95% prod.) * P: min 50 comb **Gren**, **Llad Pel**, **Mour**, **Syr**; plus **Car** * A: max 50 comb **Car** (principal), **Piq Noir**, **Terret Noir**; max 20 **Cins**, max 10 **Gren Gr**