Round 2 Flashcards
Acquired Polycystic Kidney Disease can lead to what disease?
RCC
RCC what is the right way to diagnosis?
Excisional biopsy
What is the sporadic form of RCC due to ?
VHL, Excisional biopsy
VHL can lead to what?
What two locations will these two places end up?
Hemangioblastomas
Cerebellum and Retina
How does RCC move through out the body?
Hematogenously
What are the three neoplastic parts of RCC?
EPO: increased hemoglobin, renin: increased HTN, ACTH: Cushing Syndrome
Oncocytoma is what kind of disease?
Benign
Medulla: obstruction collecting ducts
Gross: few cysts in medulla, pyelonephritis and stones
What disease is this?
Sponge Kidney in the Medulla
What is angiomyolipoma usually associated with?
Tubero Sclerosis
Pediatric Tumor: Nephroblastoma
How is it differentiated from Neuroblastoma?
Nephroblastoma does not cross the midline
Neuroblastoma crosses the midline and is from the adrenal gland
Pediatric Tumor is what?
Gross: Gray and Tan
Histo: Normal Stroma, Aboritive Tubules, and undifferentiated mesenchyme
Patient also has hypertension
Wilms Tumor, Nephroblastoma, however there are three different flavors
Pediatric Tumor: Nephroblastoma
WT1 deletion has what?
WT1 deletion: WAGAR Syndrome
W: Wilms Tumor
A: Anirida (loss of the iris)
G: Genitourinary Anomalies
R: Retardation, Mental
Pediatric Tumor: Nephroblastoma
WT1 mutation has what?
WT1 mutation: Denys Drash syndrome
Same thing as WAGR, but only W and G
W: Wilms Tumor
A: no
G: Genitourinary Anomalies
R: no
Pediatric Tumor: Nephroblastoma
WT2 problem is?
WT2 problem: Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
Big Baby
Hemihypertrophy
Omphalocele
Large Tongue**
PSGN what is found in the IF biopsy?
Granular Pattern
IgM, IgG, and Complement
PSGN is found 2-4 weeks after what disease?
Strept Pyogeneus
IgA nephropathy is found how long after mucosal infection?
2 days
Where is there IgA nephropathy deposited?
Mesangial Deposits
RPGN is what?
Rapid Progressive Glomerulonephritis, a nephritic syndrome
RPGN contains crescents, what is in the cresents?
Macrophages, fibrin
RPGN-1 is what disease?
What is the main target/problem?
Good Pastures Disease
Anti-Glomerular Membrane Antibodies
What are the big symptoms with Good Pastures Disease?
What is the immune pattern?
Hematuria and Hemoptysis
Linear Antibody Deposition
What are the big symptoms with RPGN type 2, Granular pattern?
Lupus Nephritis, preformed antibody-antigen complex
RPGN type 3, is mostly what underlying problem?
Vasculitus problems
RPGN type 3, has C-ANCA, ENT issues and what else?
Hemoptysis and Hematuria
RPGN type 3, microscopic polyangitis, does not have many underlying symptoms. What is the marker for it?
P-ANCA
RPGN type 3, Churg Strauss is P-ANCA plus what two underlying problems?
Eosinophilia and Asthma
Where does PSGN deposit?
Subepithelial humps
What Nephrotic syndrome is not immune complex deposited and does respond to steroids?
Minimal Change Disease
What Nephrotic Syndrome is not immune complex deposited and does not respond to steroids?
Primary Focal Sclerosing Glom. Syndrome
Primary FSGS has a poorly understood mechanism, what are some things that can contribute to this cause?
HIV, Heroin, Sickle Cell
Secondary FSGS is caused by what?
Glomeruli dying
Secondary GSGS can maintain GFR, but can lead to what?
Interglomerular HTN, Mesangial Proliferation, Podocyte denuding
MCD, Primary/Secondary FSGS are different from the other Nephrotic Syndromes, how?
No immune Deposition
Membranoproliferative type I, Dense Deposit type II, and Membranous Nephropathy are different from other people Nephrotic Syndromes in what way?
Immune Deposition caused
MPGN type 1 and type 2 both have what on light microscopy?
Tram Track
MPGN type 1 is caused by what?
Preformed Ag-Ab complexes
MPGN type 2 is caused by what?
C3 nephritic Factor and an increased C3 convertase
MPGN type 1 deposits are where?
What type of IF pattern will there be
Sub endothelial
Granular IgG and C3
MPGN type 2 deposits are where?
What type of IF pattern will there be?
Split GBM
Linear C3 pattern
What is seen on Dense Deposit disease in basement membrane EM?
Ribbon like deposition in basement membrane
What types of deposits are seen on membranous nephropathy?
Subepithelial deposits
There are two types of deposits on membranous nephropathy:
1 is caused by what immune complex deposition?
PLA2 receptor podocyte immune complex deposition
There are two types of deposits on membranous nephropathy:
2 is caused by what immune complex deposition?
Placed antigen from HIV, Hep B, Hep C, Syphillis, Gold, Captopril, Lung and Colon Cancer
Membranous nephropathy IF shows what?
Granular patterns with IgG and C3
Membranous nephropathy EM shows what?
Subepithelial Deposits