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Nephro > Round 2 > Flashcards

Round 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Acquired Polycystic Kidney Disease can lead to what disease?

A

RCC

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2
Q

RCC what is the right way to diagnosis?

A

Excisional biopsy

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3
Q

What is the sporadic form of RCC due to ?

A

VHL, Excisional biopsy

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4
Q

VHL can lead to what?

What two locations will these two places end up?

A

Hemangioblastomas

Cerebellum and Retina

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5
Q

How does RCC move through out the body?

A

Hematogenously

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6
Q

What are the three neoplastic parts of RCC?

A

EPO: increased hemoglobin, renin: increased HTN, ACTH: Cushing Syndrome

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7
Q

Oncocytoma is what kind of disease?

A

Benign

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8
Q

Medulla: obstruction collecting ducts

Gross: few cysts in medulla, pyelonephritis and stones

What disease is this?

A

Sponge Kidney in the Medulla

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9
Q

What is angiomyolipoma usually associated with?

A

Tubero Sclerosis

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10
Q

Pediatric Tumor: Nephroblastoma

How is it differentiated from Neuroblastoma?

A

Nephroblastoma does not cross the midline

Neuroblastoma crosses the midline and is from the adrenal gland

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11
Q

Pediatric Tumor is what?

Gross: Gray and Tan

Histo: Normal Stroma, Aboritive Tubules, and undifferentiated mesenchyme

Patient also has hypertension

A

Wilms Tumor, Nephroblastoma, however there are three different flavors

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12
Q

Pediatric Tumor: Nephroblastoma

WT1 deletion has what?

A

WT1 deletion: WAGAR Syndrome

W: Wilms Tumor
A: Anirida (loss of the iris)
G: Genitourinary Anomalies
R: Retardation, Mental

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13
Q

Pediatric Tumor: Nephroblastoma

WT1 mutation has what?

A

WT1 mutation: Denys Drash syndrome

Same thing as WAGR, but only W and G

W: Wilms Tumor
A: no
G: Genitourinary Anomalies
R: no

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14
Q

Pediatric Tumor: Nephroblastoma

WT2 problem is?

A

WT2 problem: Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome

Big Baby
Hemihypertrophy
Omphalocele
Large Tongue**

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15
Q

PSGN what is found in the IF biopsy?

A

Granular Pattern

IgM, IgG, and Complement

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16
Q

PSGN is found 2-4 weeks after what disease?

A

Strept Pyogeneus

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17
Q

IgA nephropathy is found how long after mucosal infection?

A

2 days

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18
Q

Where is there IgA nephropathy deposited?

A

Mesangial Deposits

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19
Q

RPGN is what?

A

Rapid Progressive Glomerulonephritis, a nephritic syndrome

20
Q

RPGN contains crescents, what is in the cresents?

A

Macrophages, fibrin

21
Q

RPGN-1 is what disease?

What is the main target/problem?

A

Good Pastures Disease

Anti-Glomerular Membrane Antibodies

22
Q

What are the big symptoms with Good Pastures Disease?

What is the immune pattern?

A

Hematuria and Hemoptysis

Linear Antibody Deposition

23
Q

What are the big symptoms with RPGN type 2, Granular pattern?

A

Lupus Nephritis, preformed antibody-antigen complex

24
Q

RPGN type 3, is mostly what underlying problem?

A

Vasculitus problems

25
Q

RPGN type 3, has C-ANCA, ENT issues and what else?

A

Hemoptysis and Hematuria

26
Q

RPGN type 3, microscopic polyangitis, does not have many underlying symptoms. What is the marker for it?

27
Q

RPGN type 3, Churg Strauss is P-ANCA plus what two underlying problems?

A

Eosinophilia and Asthma

28
Q

Where does PSGN deposit?

A

Subepithelial humps

29
Q

What Nephrotic syndrome is not immune complex deposited and does respond to steroids?

A

Minimal Change Disease

30
Q

What Nephrotic Syndrome is not immune complex deposited and does not respond to steroids?

A

Primary Focal Sclerosing Glom. Syndrome

31
Q

Primary FSGS has a poorly understood mechanism, what are some things that can contribute to this cause?

A

HIV, Heroin, Sickle Cell

32
Q

Secondary FSGS is caused by what?

A

Glomeruli dying

33
Q

Secondary GSGS can maintain GFR, but can lead to what?

A

Interglomerular HTN, Mesangial Proliferation, Podocyte denuding

34
Q

MCD, Primary/Secondary FSGS are different from the other Nephrotic Syndromes, how?

A

No immune Deposition

35
Q

Membranoproliferative type I, Dense Deposit type II, and Membranous Nephropathy are different from other people Nephrotic Syndromes in what way?

A

Immune Deposition caused

36
Q

MPGN type 1 and type 2 both have what on light microscopy?

A

Tram Track

37
Q

MPGN type 1 is caused by what?

A

Preformed Ag-Ab complexes

38
Q

MPGN type 2 is caused by what?

A

C3 nephritic Factor and an increased C3 convertase

39
Q

MPGN type 1 deposits are where?

What type of IF pattern will there be

A

Sub endothelial

Granular IgG and C3

40
Q

MPGN type 2 deposits are where?

What type of IF pattern will there be?

A

Split GBM

Linear C3 pattern

41
Q

What is seen on Dense Deposit disease in basement membrane EM?

A

Ribbon like deposition in basement membrane

42
Q

What types of deposits are seen on membranous nephropathy?

A

Subepithelial deposits

43
Q

There are two types of deposits on membranous nephropathy:

1 is caused by what immune complex deposition?

A

PLA2 receptor podocyte immune complex deposition

44
Q

There are two types of deposits on membranous nephropathy:

2 is caused by what immune complex deposition?

A

Placed antigen from HIV, Hep B, Hep C, Syphillis, Gold, Captopril, Lung and Colon Cancer

45
Q

Membranous nephropathy IF shows what?

A

Granular patterns with IgG and C3

46
Q

Membranous nephropathy EM shows what?

A

Subepithelial Deposits

Nephro (4 decks)

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