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Nephro > Kidney Round 1 > Flashcards

Kidney Round 1 Flashcards

1
Q

When there are WBC casts in the urine?

A

Acute Interstitial Nephritis

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2
Q

When are there Muddy Brown casts in the urine?

A

ATN

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3
Q

What drug is an excellent phosphate binder?

A

Sevelaver

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4
Q

Insulin is cleared by what?

A

Kidneys

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5
Q

What stabilizes hyperkalemia emergently?

A

Calcium Chloride

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6
Q

What lowers TBK?

A

Loop diuretics, Kayexalate

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7
Q

If potassium does not rise, what electrolyte should be checked?

A

Magnesium

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8
Q

What can temporize hyperkalemia, shift K into cells?

A

Beta agonists, Insulin, D5O, Na-Bicarb

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9
Q

When there is tetani, perioral tingling, and chostekis, what is the underlying problem?

A

Hypocalcemia

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10
Q

When there is hypocalcemia, what do you check first?

A

Albumin

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11
Q

What is wrong with stones, moans, groans, and the bones?

A

Hypercalcemia

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12
Q

What do you give with hypercalcemia?

What do you give long term?

A

IVF

Bisphonates, stop bone breakdown

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13
Q

What is secondary PTH?

A

Early CKD

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14
Q

What can be diagnosed with it?

A

Sestambi Scan

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15
Q

How do you treat hypervitaminosis D?

A

Steroids

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16
Q

If I have elevated Calcium and Phosphate, low PTH, what could I be?

A

Hypervitaminosis D, from sarcoid and TB

17
Q

What is Calcium (11-12) low urine CA, what is this?

A

Familial Hypercalcemic Hypocalsuria

18
Q

If I have CKD, what is impaired?

A

Vitamin D

19
Q

What disease has a lot of PTH, but low calcium, a different wrinkle?

A

Pseudohypoparathyroidism

20
Q

If I have osteopenia, what is the first step?

What should be the first line treatment?

A

Dexa Scan 2.0

Bisphosphanates

21
Q

Just after surgery, I have low calcium, phosphorus, and PTH, what disease am I?

A

Hungry Bone

22
Q

Kidney stone less than 5 mm?

A

IVF and Pain Meds, Lithotripsty

23
Q

Kidney stone over 3 cm?

A

Surgery, 1st put in a nephrostomy tube

24
Q

Kidney stone greater than 7 mm?

A

MET, calcium channel blockers, and alpha blockers

25
Q

Kidney stone great than 1.5 cm?

A

Proximal = Lap&raquo_space; Open

Distal = PAN

26
Q

What kind of stone is from proteus?

A

Strivute

27
Q

What stone is from Gout?

A

Uric Acid stone

28
Q

What stone is from Cysteine?

A

Genetic disorder

29
Q

What stone is from red meat and a high oxalate?

A

calcium oxalate

30
Q

ADPCKD, what is the first diagnostic step?

A

CT scan or U/S

31
Q

ADPCKD, what is the second diagnostic step before supportive treatment/transplant?

A

Biopsy

32
Q

What do we not do with RCC?

A

no biopsy

33
Q

What is different in the path world about RCC?

A

It can move hematogenously

34
Q

What can cause sloughing of necrotic renal papillae?

A

Renal and Papillary Necrosis

Sickle Cell and NSAID

35
Q

What can cause widespread granulomatous tissue and foamy macrophages?

A

Xanthomatous Pyelonephritis

36
Q

What disease routinely has MVP, Verry Aneurysms, and Pancreatic problems?

A

ADPCKD

Nephro (4 decks)

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