Rosh (1/10)

Question 1

Syphilis stages

Answer 1

Primary: painless chancre
Secondary: lymphadenopathy, condyloma lata, rash on palms/soles

Question 2

Syphilis treatment

Answer 2

Penicillin G IM x 1 dose for primary or secondary

x 3 doses, weekly for tertiary

Question 3

VDRL or RPR become positive…

Answer 3

1-4 wks after infection

Question 4

False positive syphilis abs in patients with

Answer 4

Lupus or Lyme disease

Question 5

Evidence of successful syphilis treatment

Answer 5

Nontreponeal titers drop 4-fold in 1 year

Antibodies will be positive to suggest history of infection

Question 6

Guideline for cholesterol screening

Answer 6

Screen at 45 y/o unless risk factors (then 30-35 y/o), then q5yrs if no therapy or q3yrs if therapy

Question 7

Bile acid sequestrants

Answer 7

Cholestyramine

Reduce LDL, do not affect TG

Question 8

Statins

Answer 8

Reduce LDL, increase HDL

Question 9

Fibric acids

Answer 9

Fenofibrate
Reduce TG (if very high, over 500) and LDL

Question 10

Niacin

Answer 10

Reduce TG (if very high), increase HDL
Many side effects including flushing, pruritis, and nausea

Question 11

Amount of fluids for sepsis

Answer 11

30 mL/kg for hypotension or lactate of 4

Question 12

DiGeorge syndrome

Answer 12

Cardiac abnormalities (often ToF)
Abnormal facies
Thymic absence / T cell abnormality
Cleft palate
Hypocalcemia
22 chromosome

Question 13

Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer 13

Pulmonary stenosis
Overriding aorta
VSD
RVH (after birth)

Question 14

Congenital rubella defect

Answer 14

PDA or branch pulmonic stenosis

Question 15

Apical displacement of tricuspid valve

Answer 15

Ebstein anomaly

Lithium exposure

Question 16

Turner syndrome heart defect

Answer 16

Coarcation of aorta or aortic stenosis

Question 17

Nerve controlling external anal spincter

Answer 17

Pudendal

Question 18

Tamiflu dosing for flu exposure ppx in pregnancy

Answer 18

75 mg qd x 7d

Question 19

Diagnosis of APLS

Answer 19

Antibodies twice 12 weeks apart +
Death of a morphologically normal infant >10 wga
OR thromboembolic disease
OR 3 or more consecutive miscarriages
OR birth earlier than 34 wga for sPEC or placental insufficiency

Question 20

Osteoporosis

Answer 20

T score less than or equal to -2.5

also start therapy if risk of hip fracture >3% or risk of any fracture >20%

Question 21

Medical therapy for weight loss

Answer 21

Orlistat, decreases fat absorption, can cause flatulence and fatty stools

Question 22

Johnson Maneuver

Answer 22

replacement of uterus manually after inversion

Question 23

Haultain Procedure

Answer 23

laparotomy with incision in posterior aspect of uterus to allow for reduction of inversion

Question 24

Huntington Procedure

Answer 24

laparotomy with clamps used to pull uterus out of inversion

Question 25

Treatment for CMV

Answer 25

Ganciclovir

Question 26

CMV avidity meaning

Answer 26

High avidity means old infection

Question 27

Trastuzumab use

Answer 27

Treat HER2/neu + breast cancer

Question 28

Tamoxifen use in breast cancer

Answer 28

ER and/or PR + treatment in pre- or post-menopausal

increased endometrial cancer risk

Question 29

Raloxifene use

Answer 29

Treats low bone density

Question 30

Anastrozole use in breast cancer

Answer 30

Treat ER/PR+ breast cancer, mostly in postmenopausal women

Question 31

Fragile X genetics

Answer 31

FMR1 gene premutation (55-200 repeats)

Question 32

Low lying placenta

Answer 32

Less than 2 cm from the os

Question 33

Gaskin maneuver

Answer 33

Hands and knees for shoulder

Question 34

Pinares maneuver

Answer 34

Delivery of legs in beech vaginal

Question 35

Loveset

Answer 35

Delivery of arms in breech vaginal