Roseola + rashes Flashcards
What causes roseola infantum?
HHV6
What are clinical features of roseola infantum?
High fever: lasting a few days Then generalised aculopapular rash Nagayama spots: papular enanthem (spots on mucous membrane) on uvula and soft palate Febrile convulsions Diarrhoea and cough
What causes erythema infectiosum? spread?
Parvovirus B19
Respiratory droplet spread
CF of erythema infectiosum
Lethargy, fever, headache, N/V
‘Slapped-cheek’ malar rash spreading to proximal arms and extensor surfaces
Supportive management
Virus self-limiting
How can Parvovirus B19 infection present?
Asymptomatic
Erythema infectiosum
Pancytopenia in immunosuppressed patients - bleeding, infection anaemia
Aplastic crises:
In sickle-cell disease/thalassaemia PB19 suppresses erythropoiesis
Fetal disease: transmission of maternal parvovirus B19 may lead to fetal hydrops and death
What causes hand, foot and mouth disease?
Coxsackie A16
Enterovirus 71
What are clinical features of hand, foot and mouth disease?
Mild systemic upset: sore throat, fever
Oral ulcers
Followed later by vesicles on the palms and soles of the feet
Management for hand foot and mouth?
Supportive: analgesia and hydration
No need to exclude from school if feeling ok
What causes impetigo?
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pyogenes
Primary infection or complication of existing skin condition
CF of impetigo?
Golden, honey coloured crusted skin lesions around mouth
Very contagious
What is management for impetigo?
Topical fuscidic acid
Topical retapamulin
MRSA - topica mupirocin
Extensive disease:
Oral flucloxacillin
Oral erythromycin
Exclude from school until lesions are crusted and healed or 48h after commencing antibiotics
What causes scarlet fever?
Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A haemolytic strep)
What are clinical features of scarlet fever?
Fever fro 24-48h Malaise, headache, N/V Sore throat Strawberry tongue Rash - fine punctuate erythema on torso and sparing pals and soles Rough sandpaper texture rash
What Mx for scarlet fever?
Phenoxymethylpenicillin PO 10d
Azithromycin in pen allergy
School 24h after commencing abx
Notifiable disease - inform public health
What are complications of scarlet fever?
Otitis media
Rheumatic fever
Acute glomerulonephritis
Necrotising fasciitis