ROR Flashcards
Rule # 2 - Responsibility
a. Nothing in these rules shall exonerate any vessel, owner, Master or crew thereof from the consequences of any neglect to comply with these rules, or of the neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practise of seamen, or by the special circumstances of the case.
b. In construing and complying with these rules, due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation and collision and to any special circumstances including the limitations of the vessels involved, which may make a departure from these rules, necessary to avoid immediate danger.
Vessel restricted in their ability to Manoeuvre
The term “vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre” means any vessel which through the nature of her work is unable to manoeuvre as required by these rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of other vessels.
The term “vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre” shall include but not be limited to :
- Vessel engaged in laying, servicing or picking up a navigational Mark, submarine cable or pipeline
- vessel engaged in dredging, surveying or underwater operations
- vessel engaged in replenishing or transfer of provisions, personnel or cargo
- vessel engaged in launching and recovery of an aircraft
- vessel engaged in mine clearance operations
- vessel engaged in towing operation such as severely restricting the towing vessel and her tow in their ability to deviate from the course she is following.
Rule 19 - Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility
(A) This rule applies to vessels not in sight of one another, navigating in or near an area of visibility.
(B) Every vessel shall proceed at a safe speed adapted to the prevailing circumstances and conditions of restricted visibility. A power driven vessel shall have her engines ready for immediate manoeuvre.
(C) Every vessel shall have full regard to the prevailing circumstances and conditions of restricted visibility while complying with the rules of section 1 of this part.
(D) A vessel which detects by RADAR alone the presence of another vessel shall determine if a close quarter situation is developing and/or risk of collision exists. If so, she shall take avoiding action in ample time provided that when such an action consists of an alteration of course, so far as possible, the following shall be avoided.
i) An alteration of course to port for a vessel forward of the beam except for a vessel being overtaken.
ii) An alteration of course towards a vessel abeam or abaft the beam.
(E) Except WHERE it has been determined that a risk of collision does not exist, every vessel which hears APPARENTLY forward of her beam the fog signal of another vessel, or which can not avoid a close quarter situation with another vessel forward of her beam, shall reduce her speed to the minimum, at which she can be kept on her course. She shall if necessary take all the way off and in any event navigate with extreme caution until the risk of collision is over.
Rule 18 - Responsibilities between vessels
Except where Rules 9,10 & 13 otherwise require:
(A) A power-driven vessel underway shall keep out of the way of:
(i) A vessel not under command (ii) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre (iii) A vessel engaged in fishing (iv) A sailing vessel.
B) A sailing vessel underway shall keep out of the way of:
(i) A vessel not under command (ii) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre (iii) A vessel engaged in fishing.
C) A vessel engaged in fishing when underway shall, so far as possible, keep out of the way of:
(i) A vessel not under command (ii) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre
D)
i) ANY VESSEL other than a vessel not under command or a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre shall, IF THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE CASE ADMIT,AVOID IMPEDING the safe passage of a vessel constrained by her draught exhibiting the signals in Rule 28
ii) A vessel constrained by her draught shall NAVIGATE WITH PARTICULAR CAUTION having full regard to her special condition.
E) A seaplane on the water shall, in general, keep well clear of all vessels and avoid impeding thier navigation. In circumstances, however, where risk of collision exists, she shall comply with the rules of this part.
F)
i) A WIG craft when taking-off, landing and in flight Near the surface shall keep well clear of all other vessels and avoid impeding their navigation;
ii) a WIG craft operating on the water surface, shall comply with the rules of this part as a power driven vessel.
Rule 17 - Action by Stand On Vessel
A)
(i) Where one of the two vessels is to keep out of the way, the other shall keep her course and speed.
(ii) The latter vessel may however take action to avoid collision as soon as it becomes apparent to her, that the vessel required to keep out of the way, is not taking appropriate action in compliance with the rules.
B) When, from any cause, the vessel required to keep her course and speed finds herself so close, that the collision can not be avoided by the action of give way vessel alone, she shall take such action, as will aid best to avoid collision.
C) A power driven vessel which takes action in a crossing situation in accordance with sub paragraph a) ii) of this rule, to avoid collision with another power driven vessel, shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, not alter course to port, for a vessel on her own port side.
D) This rule does not relieve give way vessel of her obligation to keep out of the way.
Rule 16 - Action by Give way vessel
Every vessel which is directed to keep out of the way of another vessel shall, so far as possible, take early and substantial action to keep well clear.
Rule 15 - Crossing Situation
When two power driven vessels are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, the vessel which has the other on her own starboard side shall keep out of the way and shall if the circumstances of case admit, avoid crossing ahead of other vessel.
Rule 14 - Head on Situation
A) When two power driven vessels are meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses, so as to involve risk of collision, each shall alter her course to starboard so that each shall pass on the port side of the other.
B) Such a situation shall be deemed to exist, when a vessel sees the other ahead or nearly ahead and by night she could see the masthead lights of other in a line or nearly in a line and/or both sidelights and by day she observes the corresponding aspect of other vessel.
C) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether such a situation exists, she shall assume that it does exist and act accordingly.
Rule 13 - Overtaking Situation
A) Notwithstanding anything contained in the rules of part B, section I and II, any vessel overtaking any other shall keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken.
B) A vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking when coming up with another vessel from a direction more than 22.5 degrees abaft her beam that is, In such a position with reference to the vessel that she is overtaking ,that at night, she would be able to see only the stern light of that vessel but neither of her sidelights.
C) when a vessel is in any doubt as to whether she is overtaking another, she shall assume that this is the case and act accordingly.
D) Any subsequent alteration of the bearing between the two vessels shall not make the overtaking vessel a crossing vessel within the meaning of these rules or relieve her of the duty of keeping clear of overtaken vessel until she is finally past and clear.
Rule 12 - Sailing Vesssels
A) When two sailing vessels are approaching one another so as to involve risk of collision, one of them shall keep out of the way of other as follows:
i) When each has the wind on a different side, the vessel which has the wind on the port side shall keep out of the way of the other
ii) When both have the wind on the same side, the vessel which is to windward shall keep out of the way of the vessel which is to leeward.
iii) If a vessel with the wind on the port side sees a vessel to the windward and can not determine with certainty whether the other vessel has the wind on the port or the starboard side, she shall keep out of the way of other.
(B) For the purpose of this rule the windward side shall be deemed to be the side opposite to that on which the mainsail is carried or, in the case of a square rigged vessel, the side opposite to that on which the largest fore and aft sail is carried.
Rule 11 - Application
Rules in this section apply to vessels in sight of one another.
Rule 10 - Traffic Separation Schemes
A) This rule applies to traffic separation schemes adopted by the organisation and does not relieve any vessel of her obligation under any other rule.
B) A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall:
i) Proceed in the appropriate traffic lane in the general direction of traffic flow for that lane
ii) So far as possible keep clear of a traffic separation line or separation zone
iii) Normally join or leave the traffic lane at the termination of the lane, but when joining or leaving from either side shall do so at as small an angle to the general direction of traffic flow as practicable.
C) A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid crossing traffic lanes, but if obliged to do so shall cross on a heading as nearly as practicable at right angles to the general direction of traffic flow.
D)
i) A vessel shall not use an inshore traffic zone when she can safely use the appropriate traffic lane, within the adjacent traffic separation scheme. However vessels of less than 20 meters in length, sailing vessels and vessels engaged in fishing may use the inshore traffic zone.
ii) Notwithstanding anything contained in subparagraph Di), a vessel may use an inshore traffic zone when en route to or from a port, offshore installation or structure, pilot station or any other place situated within the inshore traffic zone, or to avoid immediate danger.
E) A vessel other than a crossing vessel or a vessel joining or leaving a lane, shall not normally enter a separation zone or cross a separation zone except :
i) in case of emergency to avoid immediate danger
ii) to engage in fishing within a separation zone
(F) A vessel navigating in near the terminations of traffic seperation schemes shall do so with particular caution
(G) A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid anchoring in traffic separation schemes or areas near its termination
(H) A vessel not using a traffic separation scheme shall avoid it by as wide margin as is practicable
(I) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede passage of any vessel following a traffic separation scheme.
(J) A vessel of less than 20 meters in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the passage of a power driven vessel following a traffic lane.
(K) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the maintenance of safety of navigation in a traffic separation scheme is exempted from complying with this rule to the extent necessary for carrying out the operation.
(F) A vessel engaged in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the laying, servicing or picking up a submarine cable , within a traffic separation scheme, is exempted from complying with this rule to the extent necessary for carrying out the operation.
Rule 9 - Narrow Channels
(A) A vessel proceeding along the course of a narrow channel or fairway, shall keep as near to the outer limit of channel or fairway, which lies on her starboard side as is safe and practicable.
(B) A vessel of less than 20 meter in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within a narrow channel or fairway.
(C) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any other vessel navigating within a narrow channel or fairway.
(D) A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if such crossing impedes the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within such channel or fairway.
The latter vessel may use the sound signal as prescribed in Rule 34(D) if in doubt as to the intention of crossing vessel.
(E) In a narrow channel or fairway when overtaking can take place only if the vessel to be overtaken has to take action to permit safe passing, the vessel intending to overtake shall indicate her intention by sounding the appropriate signals prescribed in Rule 34(c)(i)
The vessel to be overtaken shall, if in agreement, sound the appropriate sound signal as prescribed in Rule 34(c)(ii) and take steps to permit safe passing.
If in doubt she may sound the signals prescribed in Rule 34(d)
ii) This rule does not relieve the overtaking vessel of her obligation under rule 13.
(F) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channel or fairway where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruction shall navigate with particular alertness and caution and shall sound the appropriate signals prescribed in Rule 34(e)
(G) Any vessel shall, if the circumstances of case admit, avoid anchoring in a narrow channel.
Rule 8 - Action to avoid collision
(A) Any action to avoid collision shall be taken in accordance with the rules of this part and if the circumstances of the case admit, be positive, made in ample time and with due regard to observance of good seamen ship.
(B) Any alteration of course and/or speed to avoid collision shall if the circumstances of case admit, be large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel observing visually or by RADAR ; a succession of small alterations of course and/or speed should be avoided.
(C) If there is sufficient sea room alteration of course alone may be the most effective action to avoid a close quarter situation provided that it is made in good time, is substantial and does not result in another close quarter situation.
(D) Action taken to avoid collision shall be such as to result in passing at a safe distance. The effectiveness of the action taken shall be carefully checked until the other vessel is finally past and clear.
(E) If necessary to avoid collision or allow more time to assess the situation, a vessel shall slacken her speed or take all the way off by stopping or reversing her means of propulsion.
(F)
i) A vessel which by any of these rules, is required not to impede the passage or safe passage of another vessel shall, when required by the circumstances of the case, take early action to allow sufficient sea room for the safe passage of the other vessel.
ii) A vessel required not to impede the passage or safe passage of another vessel is not relieved of this obligation, if approaching the other vessel so as to involve risk of collision, and shall, while taking action, have full regard to the action which may be required by the rules of this part.
Rule - 6 : Safe Speed
Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safe speed, so that she can take proper and effective action to avoid collision and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions.
In determining a safe speed, following factors shall be among those taken into account:
A) By all vessels :
i) The state of visibility
ii) The traffic density including concentration of fishing vessels or any other vessels,
iii) The manoeuvrability of the vessel with special reference to turning ability and stopping distance.
iv) At night the presence of background lights such as from shore lights or from the back scatter of her own lights.
v) The state of wind, sea and current and proximity to navigational hazards.
vi) The draught in relation to the available depth of water
B) Additionally by vessels with operational RADAR,
i) The characteristics, efficiency and limitations of the RADAR equipment in use,
ii) Any constraints imposed by the RADAR range scale in use.
iii) The effect on RADAR detection of the weather, sea state and other sources of interference
Iv) The possibility that small vessels, ice and other floating objects may not be detected by RADAR at an adequate range.
V) The number, location and movement of vessels detected by RADAR
vi) The more exact assessment of visibility that may be possible if RADAR is used to determine the range of vessels and other objects in vicinity.
