Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Botany > Roots > Flashcards

Roots Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of roots?

A
  1. Anchorage of the plant in a substrate
  2. Absorbs water and minerals from the soil
  3. Production of hormones for growth and development
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

It develops from an embryonic cell known as the “radicle” and grows to be the largest root in the system

A

Tap root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Similarly sized roots and arose because the radicle dies during or immediately after germination

A

Fibrous root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Does not arise from pre-existing roots and increases the absorptive and transfer capacity of the root system

A

Adventitious root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Type of adventitious root that arises from the main trunk stem

A

Brace root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Type of adventitious root that arises from lateral branches of the main stem

A

Prop root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The root tips are protected by ___?

A

Root caps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give the 3 parts of the root cap

A
  1. Slime or mucigel
  2. Columella and peripheral cells
  3. Quiescent center
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of the slime or mucigel?

A

Lubricates the passage of the root through the soil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of the quiescent center?

A

It is a mitotically inactive region which acts as a reserve of health cells and is resistant to toxic substance.s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the parts of the internal structure of young dicot root?

A
  1. Dermal region
  2. Cortex
  3. Stele or vascular cylinder
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Explain dermal region

A

It is simply the epidermis with root hairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Explain cortex

A

Outer collenchyma, middle parenchyma, inner endodermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Explain stele

A

Consists of pericycle, vascular cambium, primary xylem and primary phloem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

It controls the passage of minerals across the vascular tissues

A

Endodermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What consists the endodermis?

A

Thick-walled cells with casparian strips and thin-walled cells known as the “passage cells”

17
Q

What is casparian strip?

A

Bands of lignin and suberin across the radial walls causing the cell wall to be come waterproof

18
Q

What is the type of stele present in a dicot root?

A

Protostele

19
Q

What is the type of stele present in a monocot root?

A

Siphonostele

20
Q

Type of diffusion wherein the water and mineral diffuse only through the walls in intercellular spaces

A

Apoplastic

21
Q

Type of diffusion wherein the material has passed through a plasma membrane and enters the protoplasm

A

Symplastic

22
Q

What are the parts of the internal structure of a monocot root?

A
  1. Dermal
  2. Cortex
  3. Stele or vascular cylinder - siphonostele
23
Q

Where does the lateral root originate?

A

Pericycle

24
Q

What are the parts of the internal structure of an OLD dicot root?

A
  1. Region of secondary vascular tissues: secondary phloem, secondary xylem and vascular cambium
  2. Region of periderm layers: phellem, phellogen, phelloderm
25
Q

It is the zone of cell division

A

Apical meristem

26
Q

Region where growth in length occurs

A

Root tip

27
Q

Rapidly dividing cell and is protected by a thick layer of cell

A

Zone of cell division or meristem

28
Q

What are the three primary meristem?

A
  1. Protoderm - epidermis
  2. Ground meristem - stores food and uptake of minerals
  3. Procambium - gives rise to stele
29
Q

Region where cells expands greatly there cells can be seen. It is also where cells begin to differentiate to visible patterns

A

Zone of elongation

30
Q

True or false: There is no cell maturation in the zone of elongation

A

True

31
Q

Zone where root hairs grow, no distinct boundary exist between elongation and maturation, transfer minerals from the epidermis to the vascular bundle

A

Zone of maturation

32
Q

Structure of zone of maturation: Function only for several days, after which they die and degenerate, increases absorption of water and minerals

A

Root hairs

33
Q

Structure of zone of maturation: Outermost layer

A

Epidermis

34
Q

Structure of zone of maturation: Innermost layer of cortical cell differentiated as a cylinder and is a tangential wall

A

Endodermis

35
Q

Structure of zone of maturation: Transfer minerals from the epidermis to the vascular tissue

A

Cortex

36
Q

Structure of zone of maturation: Irregular region, between the vascular tissue and endodermis and where lateral roots arise

A

Pericycle

37
Q

Food conducting tissue

A

Phloem

38
Q

Water conducting tissue

A

Xylem

Botany (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions