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Botany > Leaves > Flashcards

Leaves Flashcards

1
Q

Large, flat and green structures involved in photosynthesis

A

Leaves

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2
Q

Leaves functions for what? Give two

A

Photosynthesis and transpiration (exit of water from plant as water vapor)

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3
Q

What are the natures of blade? Describe them

A
  1. Simple - with one blade of just one part

2. Compound - with a blade divided into leaflets or pinnae or pinnule

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4
Q

Two types of simple pinante

A

odd and even pinnate (terminal leaflet / at the tip)

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5
Q

Type of pinnately compound leaf which consists of 2 rachis, where leaves are attached to the secondary rachis

A

Bipinnate

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6
Q

Type of pinnately compound leaf where the leaves are attached to the tertiary rachis

A

Tripinnate

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7
Q

Type of leaf where leaflets are attached to the rachis

A

Pinnately compound

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8
Q

Type of leaf where leaflets are attached at the end of the petiole

A

Palmately compound

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9
Q

Types of palmately compound leaves

A
  1. Bifoliate
  2. Trifoliate
  3. Quadra / Tetrafoliate
  4. Pentafoliate
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10
Q

It is the arrangement of leaves on the stem

A

Phyllotaxy

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11
Q

Phyllotaxy: one leaf per node

A

Alternate

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12
Q

Phyllotaxy: two leaves on a node attached oppositely

A

Opposite

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13
Q

Phyllotaxy: each pair of leaves is perpendicular with one another

A

Decussate

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14
Q

Phyllotaxy: three or more attached to the node wherein the leaves are equidistant

A

Whorled

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15
Q

It is the arrangement of veins on the blade of a leaf

A

Venation

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16
Q

3 types of netted venation

A
  1. Pinnately netted - lateral veins arise from the midrib
  2. Palmately netted - veins arise from one point of the base of the leaf
  3. Radiately netted - principal veins radiate at the tip of the petiole (center)
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17
Q

4 types of parallel venation

A
  1. Parallel to midrib
  2. Perpendicular to midrib
  3. Acute angle to midrib
  4. Palmately parallel
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18
Q

It is a layer of living cells. Trichomes, guard cells, bulliform cells and a cutin layer is present.

A

Epidermis

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19
Q

Mesophyll is composed of ___?

A

Parenchyma cells (chlorenchyma and aerenchyma)

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20
Q

Internal structure of a dicot leaf: It is the photosynthetic region of the leaf

A

Mesophyll

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21
Q

Dorsiventral or bifacial

A

Horizontal

22
Q

Isobilateral or equifacial

A

Vertical

23
Q

What is the function of bulliform cells?

A

Prevents water loss

24
Q

Internal structure of a midrib: the upper part is the ___ and the lower part is the ____ for a crescent shaped leaf

A

Upper = xylem, lower = phloem

25
Q

Arrange the internal structure of a midrib

A

Epidermis > collenchyma > parenchyma > xylem > phloem

26
Q

Internal structure of a gymnosperm leaf: True or false: the pine needle leaf is evergreen and xeromorphic

A

True

27
Q

What does xeromorphic mean?

A

Can withstand hot environment

28
Q

The purpose of having a sunken stomata is to ___?

A

Prevent water loss

29
Q

Leaf aging due to the breakdown of chlorophyll, sugars, and loss of photosynthetic ability

A

Senescence

30
Q

Detachment area of leaves from the stem

A

Abscission zone

31
Q

Special leaves: Thick and fleshy, reduced surface-volume ration for water retention

A

Succulent leaves

32
Q

Special leaves: For protection

A

Sclerophyllous foliage

33
Q

Special leaves: No blade and needle-shaped

A

Spines

34
Q

Special leaves: Sensing contact with other objects, no lamina for support

A

Tendrils

35
Q

Special leaves: For support and protection

A

Motile leaves

36
Q

Special leaves: Digest insects and absorb nitrogen for their amino acid

A

Insect traps

37
Q

Special leaves: Product plantlets for asexual reproduction

A

Adventitious buds

38
Q

Modified leaves: Aerenchymatous leaf base for buoyancy and support in water hyacinth

A

Float

39
Q

Modified leaves: colored leaves are what for?

A

Attraction

40
Q

Modified leaves: For support

A

Supporting leaf bases - pseudotrunk

41
Q

Modified leaves:

A

Expanded leaf-like petiole and stipule for photosynthesis

42
Q

Light harvesting portion of the leaf

A

Leaf blade / Lamina

43
Q

Stalk the holds the blade out into the light

A

Petiole

44
Q

A leaf with a petiole

A

Petiolate

45
Q

A leaf without petiole

A

Sessile

46
Q

Extension of petiole

A

Rachis

47
Q

Stalk that holds the leaflet

A

Petiolule

48
Q

Formed when the base of the leaf is wrapped around the base

A

Leaf sheath

49
Q

Tip of the leaf blade

A

Apex

50
Q

Midvein, from which the lateral veins emerge

A

Midrib

51
Q

Bundle of vascular tissue

A

Vein

52
Q

A pair of appendages or outgrowth at the base

A

Stipule

Botany (3 decks)

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