Rome Flashcards
Built on how many hills
Seven
Forms a ridge down the middle of Italy that divides west to east
Apennines
Was Rome safe from pirates
Yes
Rome was located at
Latium
Who found Rome
Romulus and Remus
They were free to run their own local affairs
True or false
True but were required to provide soldiers for Rome
Lies at the “toe” of the boot shaped Italian peninsula
Sicily
Who found Rome
Two twin brothers
Romulus and Remus
What language did they speak
Latin
Who unified Italy
Rome
Rome was under control of how many kings
Seven
People who lived north of Rome
Etruscans
Rome did not belong in the Indo-European family
True or false
False
One of the ancient sources for the history of the early roman republic
Livy
The chief executive officers of the Roman Republic were the…?
Consuls and praetors
How many consuls were chosen annually?
Two
Greeks settled in what part of Italy
Southern
What did consuls do?
They administered the government and led the Roman army into battle
He used his stories to teach Romans more moral values and virtues
Livy
They were responsible for an outstanding building program
Etruscans
Who did Antony ally with against Octavian?
Cleopatra VII
In charge of civil law
Praetor
Rome fell under their power for a hundred years
Etruscans
What kind of moral values and virtues did Livy teach
Tenacity, duty, courage and ESPECIALLY DISCIPLINE
Organized by classes based on wealth
Centuriate assembly
Bisected Italy
Apennines
Praetors were also allowed to lead armies and govern Rome
True or false
True
When consuls were far away from the city
As Romans’ territory expanded, they added another…?
Praetor
Why would they add another praetor?
To judge cases in which one or both people were noncitizens
A select group of about three hundred men who served for life
The senate or council of elders
The senate or council of elders consisted of how many men?
About 300
Praetors were in charge of
Civil laws
The most important assembly
Centuriate assembly
The senate or council of elders serve for how long
Rest of their life
True or false
Wealthiest citizens always had the majority
True
Intermarriage with patricians and plebeians were allowed before the fourth century
True or false
False
They administered the government and led the Roman army into battle
Consuls
What were the two groups that divided Rome?
Patricians and plebeians
Founded around 800 BCE on the coast of North Africa by Phoenicians
Carthage
Came into being as a result of the struggle of the orders
Council of plebs
Constituted the considerably larger group of nonpatrician large landowners, less wealthy landholders, artisans, merchants, and small farmers
Plebeians
Assembled an enormous empire in the western Mediterranean
Carthage
The Carthaginian Empire included….
Northern Africa, southern Spain,Sardinia,Corsica, and western Sicily
True or false
plebeians could not vote
False
they can vote
Became the first roman province
Sicily
Only they could be consuls, magistrates, and senators
Patricians
Who defeated Carthage?
Scipio
Latin word for Phoenician
Punicus
During the first Punic War…..Romans could not win without a…?
Navy
Greatest of the Carthaginian generals
Hannibal
Where did Rome lose an army of almost 40,000 men
Cannae
Great landowners, who constituted an aristocratic governing class
Patricians
In this battle, Roman crushed Hannibal’s forces
Battle of Zama
The third and final struggle with Carthage was after how many years?
50
Carthage was established by
Phoenocians
The territory of Carthage became a roman province called?
Africa
Carthage was destroyed for how many days?
10
40,000 men died in the battle of?
Cannae
Greece was placed under the control of the roman governor of
Macedonia
Deeded his kingdom to Rome
Giving Rome its first province in Asia
King of Pergamum
What begins the second Punic war
Hannibal striking back
By the fourth century BCE, the roman army co sites of how many legions?
Four
Scipio attacked who
Carthage
Second province of Rome
Spain
The army recruited citizens ages…?
Between 18 and 46
Rome became the master of?
The Mediterranean Sea
The number of legions rose to
25
Most citizens that were recruited were?
Farmers
True or false.
Italy has fairly large fertile plains that are ideal for farming.
True
Who defeated the forces of Pompey and his allies which left him in complete control of the Roman government?
Julius Caesar
What are the boundaries of Italy?
Po River Plain of Latium Campania Adriatic Sea Tyrrhenian Sea Large islands of Corsica and Sardinia Sicily
Who possess considerably more productive agricultural land, Italy or Greece?
Italy
Who was the dictator who saved Rome from attacks by the Aequi?
Cincinnatus
When Romans’ territory expanded, they add another __________ to judge cases in which one or both people were noncitizens.
Praetors
He is Caesar’s ally and assistant who took the eastern portion of the Roman world after his death
Antony
What do you call the roadbed of the chief street through Rome
The Sacred Way
They constructed the first roadbed of the chief through Rome
Etruscan
True or false
In the beginning of the Republic, Rome is safe because they are NOT surrounded by enemies
False
In this system, Rome allowed some people especially Latins to have full Roman citizenship
Roman Confederation
Who are the 3 individuals who came to hold enormous military and political power?
Crassus
Pompey
Julius Caesar
They lead armies and govern Rome when the consuls were away from the city
Praetors
What influences did the Greeks have on Rome?
Cultivated olives and grapes Passed on their alphabet Sculpture Architecture Literature
They are superb diplomats who excelled in making the correct diplomatic decisions. They are also good and persistent soldiers
Romans
It means to block
Veto
It insists military service from the allies
Roman Confederation
A government without a king
Republic
What right did the Council of Plebs later on gain in order to protect their interests?
Elect tribunes
It is a group of elders who served for life
Senate or Council of Elders
It gave more rights for the plebeians
Tribunes of the plebs
Patricians and plebeians can both vote but who can be elected to governmental offices?
Patricians
Is intermarriage before the tribunes of plebs between Patricians and Plebeians allowed?
No, it is not allowed
This assembly elected the chief magistrates and passed laws.
Centuriate Assembly
The army was recruited from citizens between what age?
18-46
Who fled to Egypt and committed suicide after a year?
Antony and Cleopatra
How did Tiberius and Gaius die?
Both were murdered by senators
After this disastrous battle, the Romans were forced to recruit larger armies and the number of legions rose to 25. What is this battle?
Battle of Cannae
A roman general who recruited volunteers from both the urban and rural poor who possessed no property into his army.
Marius
They believed that the underlying cause of Rome’s problems was the decline of the small farmer
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
He is Caesar’s grandnephew and adopted son who took the western portion of the Roman world after he died.
Octavian
Known as the richest man in Rome and led a successful military command against a major slave rebellion.
Crassus
He had been hailed as a military hero
Pompey
Caesar joined with Crassus and Pompey to form a coalition that historians call what?
The First Triumvirate
It means three-man rule
Triumvirate
Pompey received a command in what country?
Spain
Landed aristocrats amassed large estates that used slave lobar called what?
Latifundia
It is the river that formed the southern boundary of his province
Rubicon
What was the battle of Antony and Octavian called?
Battle of Actium in Greece
The Senate is also called what?
Council of Elders
Caesar increased the senate to how many members?
900
He was named dictator for life
Caesar
What kind of calendar did Julius Caesar introduce?
The Egyptian solar year of 365 days
At what age did Octavian stand supreme over the Roman world?
32
True or false.
Civil war has ended along with the end of republic
True
Crassus received a command in what country?
Syria
Caesar received a special military command in what?
Gaul
How did Caesar die?
Assassinated by a group of leading senators
Who won in the battle of Antony and his ally against Octavian?
Octavian
