Middle Ages 2 Flashcards
True or false
Powerful nobles gained more dominace
True
Arrange in chronological order
a. Vikings became part of the european civilization
b. danes occupied northeastern England
c. Groups of Norway settled in Ireland
d. Vikings begun to build winter settlements in different areas of Europe
D
C
B
A
It became a source of incessant struggle between the other two Franklish rules and their heirs
The Middle Kingdom
They are people from Western Asia who launched forays into Western Europe?
Magyars
They were warriors whose love for adventures and search for booty
Vikings
Extended from the North sea to the Mediterranean
Middle kingdom
True or false
Carolingian rulers got along with each other
False, they fought with each other
30 years later
The carolingian empire was divided into how many and among who?
Divided into THREE among his GRANDSONS
Where was the battle of Lechfeld
Germany
Groups from Norway settled where?
Ireland
They were converted into Christians after they were crushed in the Battle of Lechfeld
Magyars
They were also known to us as The Vikings
Northmen or Norsemen of Scandinavia
It became Germany
Eastern lands
The Magyars established the kingdom of what?
Kingdom of Hungary
The grant of land made to a vassal is called what?
Fief
This led become part of the European civilization
Conversion to Christianity
The kingdom of Hungary was established by who?
Magyars
Warfare in Europe will be dominated by heavily armored cavalry also know as what?
Knights
What is the core of the eventual kingdom of France?
The Western Frankish lands
It was an agricultural estate operated by a lord and worked by peasants
Manor
The three divided sections of the carolingian empire
Western frankish lands
Eastern lands
“Middle kingdom”
The Viking “dragon ships” carried about how many men?
50 men
The contract sworn between a lord and a subordinate is called what?
Feudalism
Larger horses and stirrups were introduced by who?
Nomadic horsemen from Asia
By the ninth century, how many percent of the population of western Europe had become serfs?
60%
They are located on the fiefs which provided the economic sustenance that made this way of life possible
Landed estates
Which was beset by a wave of invasions in the 9th and 10th century?
Western Europe
They attacked Southern Europe and sent raiding parties to Southern France
Muslims
Occupied northeastern England
Danes
True or false
Feudalism was always a cohesive system
False
Horsemen wore armor in forms of what
Coats of mail
The Magyars were crushed at the battle of what?
Battle of Lechfeld
They are the lord’s subordinate
Vassal
These changes also furthered the development of farming
Technological changes
In the early middle ages where there was little trade wealth was primarily based on what?
Land
It was a piece of land held from the lord by a vassal in return for military service
Fief
Fief-holding also became increasingly complicated with the development of what?
Subinfeudation
They were long and narrow with beautifully carved arched prows
Viking ships
What began to disintegrate after CHARLEGMAGNE died?
Carolingian Empire
What is the major obligation of a vassal to his lord?
Perform military service for about 40 days a year
What is the major obligation of the lord to his vassal?
Protection
Who gave a band of Vikings land at the mouth if Seine River?
The ruler of western Frankish lands
It is land retained by the lord which might consist of 1/3 to 1/2 of the cultivated lands scattered throughout the manor
Demesne
Where were windmills invented?
Persia
Serfs worked about how many days a week?
3
Laborsaving devices were mostly made of what?
Iron
She assisted her sons in rebelling against Henry
Eleanor of Aquitaine
They were bound to the land and required to provide labor services, pay rents, and be subject to the lord’s jurisdiction?
Serfs
Seine River became a territory known as what ?
Normandy
In what century were larger horses along with the stirrup began to be used ?
8th century
They came to have the greatest social prestige and formed the backbone of European aristocracy
Knights
They were used to grind grain into flour
Watermills
It made a forceful presence in every area of life
Recovery of the Catholic Church
What is the population of Europe in the high middle ages?
74 million
It is an economic system in which people invested in trade and goods
Commercial capitalism
What was the reason for the increase of population?
peace after the invasions has ended
It was crucial in making the carruca
Iron
What are the factors that resulted in better growing conditions ( agricultural )
Improvement in climate and expansion of cultivated or arable land
Who are the ones responsible for draining swamps and cutting down trees to accomplish cultivated or arable land?
Peasants
Who did Eleanor marry after the annulment between her and King Louis?
Henry the duke of Normandy and count of Anjou
They were constructed to increase the water power
Dams
They were the most important devices for the harnessing of power before the invention of the steam engine in the 18th century
Watermills and windmills
What’s the population of Europe in the early middle ages?
About 38 million
The peasant’s daily diet is what?
Bread
True or false
Many Western nobles loved war
True
Who somewhat dominated her husband?
Eleanor of Aquitaine
It is a heavy, wheeled plow with an iron plowshare pulled by teams of horses which could turn over the heavy clay soil north of the Alps
Carruca
It represented a code of ethics that knight were supposed to uphold
Chivalry
They were expected to treat captives as honored guests instead of throwing them in dungeons
Knights
They made use of the cam in operating trip-hammers for hulling rice by the third century
The Chinese
They are nobility of people who held real political, economic and social power
Aristocracy
They were known for its high-quality wooden cloth
Towns of Flanders
Who is the husband of Eleanor?
King Louis VII of France
He became King Henry II of England
Henry duke of Normandy
What enabled the Vikings to sail up European rivers and attack places at some distance inland?
Shallow draft
This method prevented soil from being exhausted so quickly and more crops could now be grown
The rotation of crops
They are two Venetian merchant brothers
Niccolo and Maffeo Polo
They enabled millwrights to mechanize entire industries
The development of cam
