Greeks Flashcards
What caused the Greek communities to follow their own separate paths? (Geographically)
The mountains
Also called city-state in Greece
Polis
It is the location of Sparta and site of Olympia
Peloponneus
This place became a great producer of grain and horses
Thessaly
It is where athletic games were held
Olympia
It is the bronze age civilization
Minoan crete
Minoan was named after who?
Minos
Who is Minos?
Legendary king of Crete
Who named the civilization Minoan?
Archaeologist Arthur Evans
This civilization consisted of a number of powerful monarchies
Mycenaean
Mycenaean was derived from what word?
Mycenae
Who excavated the Mycenaean civilization?
Archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann (German)
This civilization suffered a sudden and catastrophic collapse
Minoan
Civilization known as the sea empire
Minoan
The people in this civilization are above all a warior people
Mycenaeans
The people in this civilization are not Greek but had some influence from mainland Greece
Minoan
This civilization developed an extensive commercial network
Mycenaean
This civilization spread outward militarily
Mycenaean
This place is known today as Dardanelles
Hellespont
This is the earliest civilization in the Aegan region
Minoan
The civilization is surrounded by gigantic walls
Mycenaean
The civilization itself was burned
Mycenaean
Used metals in making weapons especially bronze
Minoan
In this era, population declined and food production is falling. What do historians refer this age as?
Dark Age
During the Dark Age, what replaced bronze?
Iron
In the dark agw, they colonized the large islands of Lesbos
Aeolian
In the dark age, they established themselves in southwestern Greece especially in Peloponnesus
Dorians
During the dark age, what kind of alphabet did the Greeks adopt?
Phoenician alphabet
At the end of the dark age, whose poetry appeared and was viewed as one of the greatest poets of all time?
Homer
This masterpiece by Homer is an epic romance
Odyssey
Why did the Greeks regard Homer’s masterpieces as authentic history?
Because they gave the Greeks an idealized past
Who is Odyssey’s wife?
Penelope
What were the values inculcated by Homer? (Aristocratic values)
Courage and honor
It is won in a struggle or contest
Arete
An epic poem by Homer about the Trojan War but not so much the story of the war itself
Iliad
Who is the prince of Troy?
Paris
Who is the wife of the king of Greek in Sparta? (In Iliad)
Helen
What is the Iliad about?
Tale of the Greek hero Achilles / “wrath of Achilles”
What is a small but autonomous political unit in which all major political, social and religious activities were carried out at one central location?
Polis
Plural of polis
Poleis
A polis on a hill (in athens)
Acropolis
What do you call the marketplace below the acropolis?
Agora
Politics is derived from what Greek term?
Polis
Heavily armed infantrymen who wore bronze or leather armor
Hoplites
A rectangular formation in a battle
Phalanx
What do you call an independent polis that links to the mother polis?
Metropolis
What led to increased tradr and industry?
Colonization
They are rulers who came to powrr in an unconstitutional way
Tyrants
It means rule by the few
Oligarchy
Slaves in sparta are called what?
Helots
What do helots mean?
Capture
It is a military state
Sparta
Established a unified polis
Athens
What do spartans mean nowadays?
Highly self-disciplined
Which had greater freedom when it comes to women? Sparta or Athens?
Sparta
Has an oligarchy type of government
Sparta
A council of elders in sparta
Gerousia
How many citizens consist of the council of elders? At what age?
28 citizens, 60+ years old
They are ruled by monarchy
Athens
Mostly controled by powerful aristocrats
Athens
Who created the Council of Five Hundred?
Cleisthenes
This word describe Athen’s system. And what is the meaning of that word?
Democracy
Demos - people
Kratia - power
Who cancelled all land debts, outlawed new loans and freed people who had fallen into slavery for debts?
Solon
Boys were taken from their mothers at the age of what?
Seven
The men remained in military service until the age of what?
Sixty
Spartan women were encouraged to?
Exercise and remain fit
An assembly of all male citizens
Apella
Spartans discouraged from studying what?
Philosophy, literature, arts
A group of five men who were responsible for supervising the education of youth and conduct of all citizens
Ephors
Spartan males were recognized as mature and allowed to vote in the assembly and lived at home at the age of what?
Thirty
Aristocrat that pursued a foreign policy that aided Athenian trade
Pisistratus
Greeks adopted gods and goddesses as well as myths from?
Mesopotamiam
Life-size stone statues of young male nudes
Kouros
Who led the out-numbered Athenians and crushed the Persian forces?
Militiades
Who is the father of history?
Herodotus
What did Herodotus write?
History of the Persian war
He practiced Ostracism
Pericles
It is the war among Greeks, themselves
The Great Peloponnesian War
How many years did the Peloponnesian War last?
27 years
To whom did Sparta allied with?
Persia
Overcrowding of people in Athens lead to what?
A plague
About how many people did this plague kill?
1/3 of their population
Who led his army from the north and conquered Greece?
King Philip II of Macedonia
Who was the son of King Philip II that never lost a battle?
Alexander the Great
How did Alexander the Great die?
Fever
The value believed that human beings could achieve great things
Experience
Value of balance
Moderation
He wrote poems to honor victories in athletic games and heroes killed in battle
Pindar
She wrote poems about friendship and love
Sappho
What is Greek drama based on?
Old stories of gods and heroes
He stepped away from the chorus and spoke lines as individual
Thespis
Who are the 3 great known Greek tradegists? (Drama)
Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides
He is a great Greek comedian? (Drama)
Aristophanes
He wrote about the Peloponnesian war. Known as the greatest historian in time
Thucydides
He wrote about the Persian Wars. Known as th Father of History
Herodotus
Who was the sculptoror the statue of Athena?
Phidies
What word did Philosophy come from?
Philosophia
He regarded water as the basic element of nature
Thales
He believed that the universe was arranged according to mathematical laws
Pythagoras
He taught that nature was made up of tiny atoms
Democritus
First doctor, “Hippocratic Oath”
Hippocrates
They taught speech, grammar, poetry, gymnastics, mahematics and music
Sophists
Sophists argued that what didn’t exist?
gods
He criticized Athenian Democracy
Plato
The 3 well known philosophers
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle (SPA)
He relies on reason, not emotions
Socrates
He emphasized the importance of able leaders and respect for the law
Aristotle
Socrates’ great student
Plato
What was the name of the school that Plato built?
The Academy
He believed hat democracy is a good type of government
Socrates
What leader does Plato believe as the best one?
Philosopher kings
Plato’s greatest student
Aristotle
Aristotle was the father of what?
Father of Biology
What is the type of the government that Aristotle think as the best one?
Constitutional Government
What does Philosophy mean?
Love of wisdom
King of Sparta
Leonidas
