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Greeks Flashcards

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0
Q

What caused the Greek communities to follow their own separate paths? (Geographically)

A

The mountains

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1
Q

Also called city-state in Greece

A

Polis

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2
Q

It is the location of Sparta and site of Olympia

A

Peloponneus

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3
Q

This place became a great producer of grain and horses

A

Thessaly

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4
Q

It is where athletic games were held

A

Olympia

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5
Q

It is the bronze age civilization

A

Minoan crete

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6
Q

Minoan was named after who?

A

Minos

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7
Q

Who is Minos?

A

Legendary king of Crete

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8
Q

Who named the civilization Minoan?

A

Archaeologist Arthur Evans

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9
Q

This civilization consisted of a number of powerful monarchies

A

Mycenaean

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10
Q

Mycenaean was derived from what word?

A

Mycenae

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11
Q

Who excavated the Mycenaean civilization?

A

Archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann (German)

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12
Q

This civilization suffered a sudden and catastrophic collapse

A

Minoan

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13
Q

Civilization known as the sea empire

A

Minoan

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14
Q

The people in this civilization are above all a warior people

A

Mycenaeans

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15
Q

The people in this civilization are not Greek but had some influence from mainland Greece

A

Minoan

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16
Q

This civilization developed an extensive commercial network

A

Mycenaean

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17
Q

This civilization spread outward militarily

A

Mycenaean

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18
Q

This place is known today as Dardanelles

A

Hellespont

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19
Q

This is the earliest civilization in the Aegan region

A

Minoan

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20
Q

The civilization is surrounded by gigantic walls

A

Mycenaean

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21
Q

The civilization itself was burned

A

Mycenaean

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22
Q

Used metals in making weapons especially bronze

A

Minoan

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23
Q

In this era, population declined and food production is falling. What do historians refer this age as?

A

Dark Age

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24
Q

During the Dark Age, what replaced bronze?

A

Iron

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25
Q

In the dark agw, they colonized the large islands of Lesbos

A

Aeolian

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26
Q

In the dark age, they established themselves in southwestern Greece especially in Peloponnesus

A

Dorians

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27
Q

During the dark age, what kind of alphabet did the Greeks adopt?

A

Phoenician alphabet

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28
Q

At the end of the dark age, whose poetry appeared and was viewed as one of the greatest poets of all time?

A

Homer

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29
Q

This masterpiece by Homer is an epic romance

A

Odyssey

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30
Q

Why did the Greeks regard Homer’s masterpieces as authentic history?

A

Because they gave the Greeks an idealized past

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31
Q

Who is Odyssey’s wife?

A

Penelope

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32
Q

What were the values inculcated by Homer? (Aristocratic values)

A

Courage and honor

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33
Q

It is won in a struggle or contest

A

Arete

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34
Q

An epic poem by Homer about the Trojan War but not so much the story of the war itself

A

Iliad

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35
Q

Who is the prince of Troy?

A

Paris

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36
Q

Who is the wife of the king of Greek in Sparta? (In Iliad)

A

Helen

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37
Q

What is the Iliad about?

A

Tale of the Greek hero Achilles / “wrath of Achilles”

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38
Q

What is a small but autonomous political unit in which all major political, social and religious activities were carried out at one central location?

A

Polis

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39
Q

Plural of polis

A

Poleis

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40
Q

A polis on a hill (in athens)

A

Acropolis

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41
Q

What do you call the marketplace below the acropolis?

A

Agora

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42
Q

Politics is derived from what Greek term?

A

Polis

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43
Q

Heavily armed infantrymen who wore bronze or leather armor

A

Hoplites

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44
Q

A rectangular formation in a battle

A

Phalanx

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45
Q

What do you call an independent polis that links to the mother polis?

A

Metropolis

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46
Q

What led to increased tradr and industry?

A

Colonization

47
Q

They are rulers who came to powrr in an unconstitutional way

A

Tyrants

48
Q

It means rule by the few

A

Oligarchy

49
Q

Slaves in sparta are called what?

A

Helots

50
Q

What do helots mean?

A

Capture

51
Q

It is a military state

A

Sparta

52
Q

Established a unified polis

A

Athens

53
Q

What do spartans mean nowadays?

A

Highly self-disciplined

54
Q

Which had greater freedom when it comes to women? Sparta or Athens?

A

Sparta

55
Q

Has an oligarchy type of government

A

Sparta

56
Q

A council of elders in sparta

A

Gerousia

57
Q

How many citizens consist of the council of elders? At what age?

A

28 citizens, 60+ years old

58
Q

They are ruled by monarchy

A

Athens

59
Q

Mostly controled by powerful aristocrats

A

Athens

60
Q

Who created the Council of Five Hundred?

A

Cleisthenes

61
Q

This word describe Athen’s system. And what is the meaning of that word?

A

Democracy
Demos - people
Kratia - power

62
Q

Who cancelled all land debts, outlawed new loans and freed people who had fallen into slavery for debts?

A

Solon

63
Q

Boys were taken from their mothers at the age of what?

A

Seven

64
Q

The men remained in military service until the age of what?

A

Sixty

65
Q

Spartan women were encouraged to?

A

Exercise and remain fit

66
Q

An assembly of all male citizens

A

Apella

67
Q

Spartans discouraged from studying what?

A

Philosophy, literature, arts

68
Q

A group of five men who were responsible for supervising the education of youth and conduct of all citizens

A

Ephors

69
Q

Spartan males were recognized as mature and allowed to vote in the assembly and lived at home at the age of what?

A

Thirty

70
Q

Aristocrat that pursued a foreign policy that aided Athenian trade

A

Pisistratus

71
Q

Greeks adopted gods and goddesses as well as myths from?

A

Mesopotamiam

72
Q

Life-size stone statues of young male nudes

A

Kouros

73
Q

Who led the out-numbered Athenians and crushed the Persian forces?

A

Militiades

74
Q

Who is the father of history?

A

Herodotus

75
Q

What did Herodotus write?

A

History of the Persian war

76
Q

He practiced Ostracism

A

Pericles

77
Q

It is the war among Greeks, themselves

A

The Great Peloponnesian War

78
Q

How many years did the Peloponnesian War last?

A

27 years

79
Q

To whom did Sparta allied with?

A

Persia

80
Q

Overcrowding of people in Athens lead to what?

A

A plague

81
Q

About how many people did this plague kill?

A

1/3 of their population

82
Q

Who led his army from the north and conquered Greece?

A

King Philip II of Macedonia

83
Q

Who was the son of King Philip II that never lost a battle?

A

Alexander the Great

84
Q

How did Alexander the Great die?

A

Fever

85
Q

The value believed that human beings could achieve great things

A

Experience

86
Q

Value of balance

A

Moderation

87
Q

He wrote poems to honor victories in athletic games and heroes killed in battle

A

Pindar

88
Q

She wrote poems about friendship and love

A

Sappho

89
Q

What is Greek drama based on?

A

Old stories of gods and heroes

90
Q

He stepped away from the chorus and spoke lines as individual

A

Thespis

91
Q

Who are the 3 great known Greek tradegists? (Drama)

A

Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides

92
Q

He is a great Greek comedian? (Drama)

A

Aristophanes

93
Q

He wrote about the Peloponnesian war. Known as the greatest historian in time

A

Thucydides

94
Q

He wrote about the Persian Wars. Known as th Father of History

A

Herodotus

95
Q

Who was the sculptoror the statue of Athena?

A

Phidies

96
Q

What word did Philosophy come from?

A

Philosophia

97
Q

He regarded water as the basic element of nature

A

Thales

98
Q

He believed that the universe was arranged according to mathematical laws

A

Pythagoras

99
Q

He taught that nature was made up of tiny atoms

A

Democritus

100
Q

First doctor, “Hippocratic Oath”

A

Hippocrates

101
Q

They taught speech, grammar, poetry, gymnastics, mahematics and music

A

Sophists

102
Q

Sophists argued that what didn’t exist?

A

gods

103
Q

He criticized Athenian Democracy

A

Plato

104
Q

The 3 well known philosophers

A

Socrates, Plato, Aristotle (SPA)

105
Q

He relies on reason, not emotions

A

Socrates

106
Q

He emphasized the importance of able leaders and respect for the law

A

Aristotle

107
Q

Socrates’ great student

A

Plato

108
Q

What was the name of the school that Plato built?

A

The Academy

109
Q

He believed hat democracy is a good type of government

A

Socrates

110
Q

What leader does Plato believe as the best one?

A

Philosopher kings

111
Q

Plato’s greatest student

A

Aristotle

112
Q

Aristotle was the father of what?

A

Father of Biology

113
Q

What is the type of the government that Aristotle think as the best one?

A

Constitutional Government

114
Q

What does Philosophy mean?

A

Love of wisdom

115
Q

King of Sparta

A

Leonidas

Social Studies (10 decks)

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