Romantic MH2X3

Question 1

Joseph Joachim-

Answer 1

Violinist, a composer, introduced Brahms to the Schumanns which was
a super important milestone in Brahm’s life. (Schumann’s nurtured this unknown)

Question 2

Neue Bahnen (New Paths)-

Answer 2

The last article Robert Schumann wrote for
Neue Zeitschrift für Musik. Schumann: “Brahms was the musical Messiah the
world had been awaiting since Beethoven’s death.”
This placed huge pressure on Brahms who was unknown

Question 3

Developing Variation-

Answer 3

The term coined by Arnold Schoenberg to describe Brahm’s compositional technique and melodies. Constructing a theme by the continuous modification of the intervallic and/or rhythmic comments of a basic idea. Endless reshaping of a melodic idea.

Question 4

Motto-

Answer 4

1st movement motto- F A♭ F in the Bass.
Where did this motto come from?
A conversation he had with Joachim
Brahms would say: “Frei aber Froh” (Single but Happy).

Question 5

Caecilian Movement-

Answer 5

Named for the patron Saint of Music, Cecilia.
Purpose was to restore the authority of the church.
Gathered the
This is very much like the transition from Medieval to Renaissance
Hear the words, and the spirit of the text
19th century movement, Goals:
Avoid exaggerated work painting
Avoid excessive modulations and chromaticism
Get rid of theater
Bring back chant

Question 6

Singakademie-

Answer 6

Amateur Mixed Choral Groups, Educated, Choral Societies, Bourgeois.

Question 7

Liber usualis-

Answer 7

A big book of commonly used Gregorian Chants for the mass.
Chants from the Renaissance were collected
This was created as a result of the Celian movement

As a result of the Ceclian movement
Moto propriu-Document written by the Pope affirming the
ideals of the Caecilian movement and promoting simplicity
church music.

Question 8

Symphonic Mass-

Answer 8

Masses in the 18th-century style of Mozart and Haydn.
soloist or operatic in nature
orchestra and chorus
instrumental interludes
no cantus firmus but using the text of the ordinary

Question 9

Dies Irae-

Answer 9

”The Day of Wrath.”
Mass movement becomes the centerpiece
of the Requiem in the 19th century.
E.g., Verdi’s Requiem

Question 10

Société des Concerts du Conservatoire-

Answer 10

Founded in 1828
A concert series at the Paris Conservatoire.Founded by François-Antoine Habeneck
Introduced Beethoven symphonies.These were not for the general public

Question 11

The Mighty Five-

Answer 11

Balakirev, Rimsky-Korsakove, Cui, Borodin,,
Mussorgsky., Tchaicovsky was the 6th member of the Mighty Five
Separate their music from foreign influences to create a music that was true to
Russian culture and heritage.

Question 12

Alessandro Manzoni-

Answer 12

Italian poet and novelist
Verdi’s Requiem written for him.
Performed 1 year after his death
St. Marks in Milan on May 22, 1874

Question 13

Société Nationale de Musique-

Answer 13

Founded in 1871
By a group of French Musicians lead by Saint-Saëns (Fauré, and Franck)
Their Latin motto for the society was Ars Gallica(Gallic Art) First concert on November 17, 1871
Chabrier, Chausson, Debussy, Fauré, Franck, Lalo, Ravel

Question 14

Concerts Populaires-

Answer 14

Founded in 1861
Conducted by Jules Pasdeloup
Cirque Napoléon (a hall that seats 5,000) Austro-Hungarian Masters

Question 15

Impressionism-

Answer 15

Complex textures with elaborate surface firuations

Vague rhythms that seem unmetrical and improvisatory sounding

Question 16

Stephane Mallarmé-

Answer 16

Impressionist poet who wrote the poem “Afternoon of a Faun”

It inspired Debusy’s “Prelude to the afternoon of a Faun.”

Question 17

Whole Tone Scales-

Answer 17

A 7 note scale constructed of whole step intervals

c,d,e,f#,g#,a#, c

Question 18

Pentatonic Scales-

Answer 18

A 5 notes per octave (do, re, mi, sol, la, do-c,d,e,g,a,c)

Question 19

Das Knaben Wunderhorn-

Answer 19

A collection of German folk poetry and songs (from 1509)
Edited by 19th Century poets-
Clemens Brentano & Achim von Armin
The collected about 700 German Folk Poems
Mahler used some of these poems as a foundation for his
First 4 symphonies
And Symphonic Lieder
Mahler,
Hia Main Inspiration during his first period
Des Knaben Wunderhorn (The Boy’s Magic Horn)
A collection of German folk poetry and songs (from 1509)
Edited by 19th Century poets-
Clemens Brentano & Achim von Armin
The collected about 700 German Folk Poems
Mahler used some of those poems as foundation for his first four
symphonies

Question 20

Das irdische Leben-

Answer 20

The Earthly Life Song #5 of Mahler’s 12 from

The Wunderhorn Lieder

Question 21

Das himmlische Leben -

Answer 21

The fourth movement of Mahler’s 4th Symphony

Question 22

Tone Poems-

Answer 22

One movement orchestral works, Modeled after Liszt’s

Symphonic Poems, Defining Characteristic-Based on Literary Works or characters.-

Question 23

Till Eulenspiege-

Answer 23

German Folk Hero, literary basis for R. Strauss

Till Eulenspiege’s Merry Pranks