Music Theory Review Terms, 6/12/21

Question 1

1. Secondary Function Chords:

Answer 1

Chords that include an accidental which doesn’t belong in the current key and can be found either as a dominant function or leading tone function. These quickly resolve to tonicize a secondary key.

Question 2

2. Secondary Dominant:

Answer 2

A major triad or major-minor 7th chord functioning as a dominant in a secondary tonal center. These quickly resolve to briefly tonicize a secondary key.

Question 3

3. Secondary Leading Tone:

Answer 3

A diminished triad, half-diminished seventh chord, or fully diminished seventh chord in leading tone position in secondary tonal center. These quickly resolve to briefly tonicize a secondary key.

Question 4

4. Borrowed Chords:

Answer 4

Chords borrowed from the parallel major or minor key.
-Baroque Period harmonic progressions in minor keys
ending on a major tonic were called a picardy third.
-Classical Period used as a predominant harmony.
-Romantic Period borrowed chords were used more
frequently to create a modal mixture.

Question 5

5. Neapolitan Sixth Chord:

Answer 5

A major triad built on the lower second degree of the major or minor scale. These predominant harmonies are typically in the first inversion but can be found in the second inversion as a predominant harmony.

Question 6

6-8. Augmented Sixth Chords:

Answer 6

An altered chord whose outer interval forms an augmented 6th interval from the lowest to highest note (C: A♭- F♯) and resolves out to an octave. These are typically predominant harmonies.
Three types:
Italian Sixth Chord: (M3rd and A6th)
French Sixth Chord: (M3rd, A4th, and A6th)
German Sixth Chord: (M3rd, P5th, and A6th)

Question 7

Three types of Augmented Sixth chords and intervals

Answer 7

Italian Sixth Chord: (M3rd and A6th)
French Sixth Chord: (M3rd, A4th, and A6th)
German Sixth Chord: (M3rd, P5th, and A6th)

Question 8

9. Text Painting:

Answer 8

A musical depiction of images, characters, and emotions found in the text.

Question 9

10. Circle Progression:

Answer 9

A common chord progression with descending fifth root relationship.

Question 10

11. Strophic:

Answer 10

A song with identical music for each verse of text/poem.

Question 11

12. Modified Strophic:

Answer 11

A song with similar but not identical music for each verse of the text.

Question 12

13. Through-Composed:

Answer 12

A song with new music for each verse of the text.

Question 13

14. Rondo Forms:

Answer 13

A form that uses a recurring theme (A) contrasting with an episode (B or C). 
4 types: 
Three-Part Rondo (ABA)
Five-Part Rondo (ABACA); 
Seven-Part Rondo (ABACABA)
Sonata Rondo (ABADevelopmentABA)

Question 14

15. Sonata Form:

Answer 14

This three-part structure (i.e., exposition, development, recapitulation) relies on thematic material and keys grew out of rounded binary form. It was developed by Haydn during the Classical Period, and is used for a movement within a larger multi-movement (e.g., sonata, symphony, trio, and string quartet).

Question 15

16. PtSK:

Answer 15

The acronym used to diagram the exposition and recapitulation within sonata form.
Exposition: P- Primary Theme ( I/i )
t: transition (⟿)
S: Secondary Theme ( V/III )
K: Klosing ( V/III )
Recapitulation: The same themes are repeated in the recap. but all remain in the original tonic during a mature classical symphony.