Music Theory Review Terms: 6/12/21

Question 1

Music Theory Review Packet Terms
Charlotte H. Lee
June 9, 2021

Answer 1

1. Secondary Function Chords: Chords which include an accidental which doesn’t belong in the current key and can be found either as a dominant function or leading tone function. These quickly resolve to tonicize a secondary key.
2. Secondary Dominant: A major triad or major-minor 7th chord which functions as a dominant in a secondary tonal center. These quickly resolve to breifly tonicize a secondary key.
3. Secondary Leading Tone: A diminished triad, half-diminished seventh chord or fully diminished seventh chord in a temporary secondary tonal center. These quickly resolve to briefly tonicize a secondary key.
4. Borrowed Chords: Chords borrowed from the parallel major or minor key.
   - Baroque Period harmonic progressions in minor keys ending on a major tonic were called a picardy third.
   - Classical Period used as a predominant harmony.
   - Romantic Period borrowed chords were used more frequently to create a modal mixture.
5. Neapolitan Sixth Chord: A major triad built on the lower second degree of the major or minor scale. Typically in first inversion but can be found in second inversion as a predominant harmony.

6-8. Augmented Sixth Chords: An altered chord whose outer interval forms an augmented 6th interval from the lowest to highest note (C: A♭- F♯) which resolves out to an octave. These are typically predominant harmonies.
Three types:
Italian Sixth Chord: (M3rd and A6th)
French Sixth Chord: (M3rd, A4th, and A6th)
German Sixth Chord: (M3rd, P5th, and A6th)

9. Text Painting: Musical depiction of images, characters, and emotions found in the text.
10. Circle Progression: A common chord progression that consists of a series of chords with descending fifth root relationships.
11. Strophic: A song with identical music for each verse of text/poem.
12. Modified Strophic: A Song with similar but not identical music for each verse of text.
13. Through-Composed: A song with new music for each verse of text.

14. Rondo Forms:  Form which uses a recurring theme (A) contrasting with episode (B or C). 
4 types: 
Three Part Rondo (ABA)
Five Part Rondo (ABACA); 
Seven Part Rondo (ABACABA)
Sonata Rondo (ABADevelopmentABA)

15. Sonata Form: This three part structure (i.e., exposition, development, recapitulation) which relies on thematic material and keys grew out of rounded binary form. It was developed by Haydn during the Classical Period; and is used for a movement within a larger multi movement (e.g., sonata, symphony, trio, and string quartet).
16. PtSK: The acronym used to diagram the exposition and recapitulation within sonata form.
    Exposition: P- Primary Theme ( I/i )
    t: transition (⟿)
    S: Secondary Theme ( V/III )
    K: Klosing ( V/III )
    Recapitulation: The same themes are repeated in the recap.
    but all remain in the original tonic during the mature
    classical period.