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History 110a > Romans > Flashcards

Romans Flashcards

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1
Q

How did the city of Carthage come about?

A
  • satellite city of Phoenicians
  • port city
  • had influence of Mesopotamian culture
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2
Q

Who were the Carthaginians?

A
  • merchants

- had duties as a citizen

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3
Q

What was the duty of a citizen for Carthage?

A

vote for a judge

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4
Q

What were the judges role in Carthage’s society?

A

-have major power when it came to law

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5
Q

What was the Carthage religion?

A
  • believed in human sacrificing
  • Baal was god
  • Tanit was goddess
  • mixed with Mesopotamian culture and gods
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6
Q

Who were the Etruscans?

A

-initially controlled Rome

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7
Q

What is the mythical origins of Rome?

A
  • Romulus and Remus set to exposure by uncle.
  • taken in by wolves
  • Remus and Romulus go back take control from there uncle and Romulus kills Remus
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8
Q

Why is the Etruscan king overthrown?

A
  • is a tyrant

- over thrown by the population

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9
Q

What was the affect of having having the Etruscan overthrown?

A
  • Roman decide how to rule themselves
  • dont want any kings
  • make there own form of a republic to ensure there is no king
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10
Q

What is the paterfamilias?

A

-the eldest male member of the family has all the power and control over family unit

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11
Q

What are the two classes in romes society?

A
  • Plebes

- Senate

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12
Q

How did Rome set up system for no Kings to emerge initially?

A 
-limited terms 
    high officers had 1 year term max 
    after term had to step down
-checking each other powers 
    had 2 individuals for high power positions
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13
Q

What privileges did a Roman citizen receive?

A
  • could not be tortured
  • death sentences were clean and quick
  • valued there own
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14
Q

What power did the consul have?

A

-could sentence Roman citizen to death

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15
Q

What are the fasces?

A

-a symbol of Roman authority used also for flags of war

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16
Q

What is job of a Censor in Roman society?

A
  • document to make sure a person is a Roman citizen

- make decisions about giving senate grants or money for a project

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17
Q

What is the role of Quaestor?

A
  • warrior group
  • mounted soldier
  • brought them in to be judges
  • romes attempt to establish middle class
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18
Q

Why did the quaestors fail to establish middle class in Rome?

A

Quaestors marry into elite classes and eventually assimilate into high class

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19
Q

What are the Tribunes?

A
  • Plebes office
  • have 1 year max term
  • appointed 10-12 individuals
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20
Q

What were rituals of being a Tribune?

A
  • during year of service body is dedicated to the Gods

- harming a tribune results in immediate death

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21
Q

What year was Roman Greek wars?

A

300-275 BCE

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22
Q

Describe the Roman Greek campaign?

A
  • Pyrrhus’s was greek general who won battles over Romans, at high fatality rate
  • Greeks did not have large supply of soldiers
  • Rome could always replenish troops
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23
Q

What were the War’s fought between Rome and Carthage?

A

Punic Wars

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24
Q

What did early Rome do after conquering a region?

A
  • after conquored allowed them to be part of society
  • made allies out of conquered
  • in sense if Rome succeeded so did they
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25
Q

What occurred in the first Punic war?

A

265-146

  • Carthage and Rome signed a peace treaty
  • Hannaibls father made him vow to make Rome life long enemy
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26
Q

What are the law codes institued by the Romans?

A

-“12 tables”

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27
Q

What was Roman ideology about going into war?

A
  • considered to never fight offensive war
  • for them wars were alway fought in defense
  • gave legitimacy of war
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28
Q

What occurred in the 2nd Punic War?

A
  • 218-202 BCE
  • Hannibal goes around Rome and defeats Roman Generals
  • Hannibal’s plan fails conquered faction of Rome burn shelter and there food
  • Scipio attacks carthage capitol
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29
Q

What was Hannibals plan for the 2nd Punic War?

A
  • Go around Rome
  • “liberate” conquered factions of Rome and in return provide them food and shelter
  • by the time they get to Rome conquered the surroundings
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30
Q

Who was Scipio? What was his role in the Punic Wars?

A
  • senator who knew how to defeat Hannibal
  • he is given command of army
  • goes to Carthage attack capitol
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31
Q

What was the name of the battle which Scipio attacks Carthage’s capitol?

A
  • 202 BCE

- battle of Zama

32
Q

What is the title given to Scipio after the war?

A
  • Africanous

- meaning conquor of african (north)

33
Q

Why does Rome evoke a 3rd war with Carthage?

A
  • still considered them a threat

- needed them to strike first because didn’t want to break ideology of never starting wars

34
Q

How does Rome evoke conflict with Carthage?

A
  • Roman soldiers would take off uniform and terrorize cities
  • make there way back to the border
  • Carthage accidentally crosses border
  • Senate declares war on Carthage
35
Q

What is the result of the 3rd Punic War?

A

-Roman destroy the city brick by brick

36
Q

What did Western society adopt from Roman marriage?

A
  • exchange vows and rings
  • bride wears white
  • torch was tossed in crowd whoever caught received good luck
37
Q

What is Roman religon based on?

A
  • Greeks

- took Greek Gods and Goddess and gave them a Latin names

38
Q

What is something new the Romans incorporated about there religion?

A

-the Gods and Goddess have parafamilas

39
Q

What did the Roman do for there empires issue on religion?

A
  • liberal on subject

- as long they paid there taxes could worship any religion

40
Q

What catch did the Roman have with religion in there empire?

A
  • all religions had to be ancient
  • when they came across deity of different religion would relate it to Roman Gods
  • if they couldn’t relate to roman Gods would bring into the Pantheon
41
Q

What is an example of the Roman including new deity into Pantheon?

A
  • Sol Invictus

- Syriann God of Sun

42
Q

What are characteristics about Rome’s late Republic?

A
  • Romes rich became ever richer
  • began to enslave population
  • Gladiator fighting
43
Q

What would bring an end to Gladiator fighting?

A

Stoicism and Christianity

44
Q

Who were the Brother Gracchi?

A
  • grandchildren of Scipo Africanous
  • Tiberus and Gaius
  • became Plebes class because mother married below her class
  • both were tribunes
45
Q

What did the Brother Gracchi do in year of Trinbunes?

A

wanted to limit the land of the rich and thus became hated by the aristocrats

46
Q

What ultimately happened to the Brother Gracchi?

A
  • Tiberus wanted re-election for tribunal and was killed

- gaius was assassinated because wanted re-election

47
Q

What was the effect of the assassination on the Brother Gracchi?

A
  • brought in a Era of dictatorships

- assassination in politics

48
Q

What is the patron and client relationship?

A
  • patron helped client out with issues in society
  • client in return would salute patron
  • a way for patron to show off prestige
49
Q

Who were the three generals to purchase their own army?

A
  • Gaius Julis Caesar
  • Sulla
  • Marius
50
Q

What was the patrons way out of law that limited land to 300 acres?

A
  • patron would give client on “paper” land.

- client would never see the land

51
Q

What was the max limit for a dicatorship in the early Roman Republic?

A
  • 6 months

- or if the problem is resolved before then

52
Q

How does Gaius Julis Caesar present himself in Rome?

A
  • present himself in a positive light

- sponsors free game for citizen to enjoy

53
Q

What was the max limit for a dicatorship in the early Roman Republic?

A
  • 6 months

- or if the problem is resolved before then

54
Q

How does Gaius Julis Caesar present himself in Rome?

A
  • present himself in a positive light

- sponsors free game for citizen to enjoy

55
Q

Who was the Greek general during the Roman Greek Campaign?

A

-pyrrhus

56
Q

What years did the 2nd Punic war take place?

A

218-202 BCE

57
Q

What were the names of the Brother Gracchi?

A
  • Tiberius

- Gaius

58
Q

What occurs when the senate asks Caesar to appear?

A
  • Caesar brings his army into the city

- soon takes over Rome

59
Q

What year does Caesar appoint himself dictator for life?

A

-46BCE

60
Q

What year was Caesar assassinated?

A

-44 BCE

61
Q

After Caesar death who controls Rome?

A

-In the will of Caesar, adopted Octavian “Augustus” as his son

62
Q

What is the Battle of Actium?

A
  • Ceoptara the 7th and Marc Anthony loss battle of Egypt to Rome.
  • Egypt becomes taken over by Rome
63
Q

How does Rome going to become an Empire?

A
  1. Julius Caesar becomes dicator
  2. battle of Actium
  3. the appointment of Octavian by Caesar
64
Q

What year did Rome become a Empire?

A

31BCE

65
Q

What is the Pax Romana?

A

-a 200 year span of peace in Rome

66
Q

How Octavian deal with the problem of demilitarizing his army?

A
  • retires half of his army by giving them land

- in Rome society land equaled wealth

67
Q

What is a dicatorship in the early Roman Republic?

A

-elected into office for 6 months or if situation is fixed before

68
Q

What is a dicatorship in the late Roman Republic?

A

-self-appointed

69
Q

What occurred in 69 regarding Rome CE?

A
  • massive revolts in city

- Zealots revolted to thrown out the Roman the same year

70
Q

What was the Roman response to the Zealots revolts in 69 CE and effect on the Jewish ppl?

A
  • Romans crushed the revolts swiftly and publicly
  • crucifixion
  • ended the 2nd Temple Judaism by moving out of Jerusalem
71
Q

What is the 3rd century crisis?

A

Time in Rome of great instability due to:

  • Economy
  • Politics
  • Barbarians
72
Q

What occurred with Rome’s Economy to create instability?

A

-
-army demanded bonus from emperor
-emperor made coins not of full sliver to give
-merchants drove prices up
in total inflation of prices, more coins in circulation, coin value went down

73
Q

What occurred with Rome’s Politics to create instability?

A

-never set system for person to become emperor

74
Q

What were the Barbarians role in the fall of rome?

A
  • attacked East and West of Romes Empire

- created for a constant problem

75
Q

Who was Lucius Sulla?

A
  • general
  • elected dictator and consul
  • face against Gaius Marius and Gaius Julius Caesar
76
Q

What were the twelve tables?

A

-foundation of roman law

History 110a (12 decks)

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