Muhammad and Islam Flashcards
What is Hijra mean?
- marks the beginning of islamic calendar
- Muhammad leaves city of Mecca to Medina
Why causes Muhammad to leave the city of Mecca into Medina?
-After his uncle and wife death he didnt have protection from his tribe
Why did the city of Medina invite Muhammad?
- in a civil war
- divided in jewish an arab tribes with a blood feud
What year does Muhammad migrate to Medina?
622
What do Muslims consider Muhammad?
- consider Muhammad a prophet
- restored back to unadulterated faith of Abraham and other prophets
- Was given messages in revalations
What do Muslims consider Muhammad?
- consider Muhammad a prophet
- restored back to unadulterated faith of Abraham
Who was Abu Bakr?
- first Caliphate
- fist successor of Muhammad
- Muhammad’s father in law
Who were the Caliphs?
- Abu Barker
- Umar
- Uthman
- Ali
What is the Sunnah?
way of life based on Quran and the practices/teachings of Muhammad
What is the Hadith?
- recorded the saying of Prophet of Muhammad
- i heard from my great grandfather from his great grandfather that Muhammad said this…
- muhammad is attributed to saying something
What occurred during the rule of Uthman?
the Qu’ran was written
What is Sharia?
is the moral and religious law of Islam
What are the 5 pillar of Islam?
- Shahada “one God and Muhammad is his prophet”
- Prayer 5 times a day
- Fasting:
sun up till sun down - Alm:
3.5% of persons income goes to charity - Mecca:
travel to holy place one time in life if financially able to
What are the 2 Islamic Dynasties?
- Umayyad Caliphate
- Abbasids Caliphate
Who founded the Umayyad Dynasty?
Mu’awiya
Where is the Umayyad Dynasty centered at?
Syria
What occurred under the Umayyad Dynasty?
- Non arab muslims and jews were forced to pay a tax
- arabization of bureaucracy, kept all records in arabic
- minted all new coins
- constructed the Dome of the Rock
What year are the Umayyad conquered?
750
What is Jizya?
the taxation of Arabs Jews and Christians
What are the beliefs of the Sunnis?
- accepted Abu Barker as the successor of Muhammad & 4 rightly guided caliphs
- religious issues are controlled by the ulama
- No mahdi
What is the Imam?
- in Shi’ites denomination
- Leader of the community
- successors of Muhammad
- control over community
- interpreting the divine law
What is the Mahdi?
- “The guided one”
- messiah
- purge the earth of sins
When do the Shi’s and Sunnis split?
750
What do the Abbasid Dynasty base there revolution of the Umayyad Dynasty on?
-all muslims should be treated equally
What does Al-Rashid do for the Abbasid Dynasty?
-brings into the golden age of Islam
Where is Abbasid Dynasty centered at?
Baghdad
What brought in the medieval green revolution?
- rice
- citrus fruit
- bananas
- sugar cane
- coffee
What is Sufism?
practice in islam that focus on mysticism of the religion
What muslim denomination makes up the majority of the population?
Sunnis
Who did the Shi’ites consider the fist successor of Muhammad?
Ali
What is the second largest denomination of Muslims?
Shi’its
What denomination of muslims are the Imams found?
shi’ites
