Romanization

Question 1

Romanization definition

Answer 1

Romanization is understood as the adoption of Roman ways of behaviour, culture, and religious practices by the native people of the provinces of the Roman empire.

Question 2

What is a Client Kingdom

Answer 2

A superficially autonomous political unit tied through alliances and what Tacitus called ‘instruments of servitude’ to a more powerful system in an unequal relationship. The Roman Empire cultivated alliances with tribal leaders, princes, and petty kings around its borders to increase security, ensure supplies of raw materials, and cement trading links; many client kingdoms were annexed to the Empire at times of expansion.

Question 3

4 Advantages of Romanization for British clients

Answer 3

-status
-power
-wealth
-security

Question 4

Advantages of Romanization for British clients - Status

Answer 4

-Roman material culture became a status symbol for the noble elite. This was not just the case between kingdom to kingdom, but also between elite with leadership aspirations within a political sphere

Question 5

Advantages of Romanization for British clients- Power

Answer 5

-Client rulers were encouraged to extend their influence to reach into new territories with the backing of the Roman Empire

Question 6

Advantages of Romanization for British clients - Wealth

Answer 6

With Roman backing and increased regional influence, wealth became easier to accumulate through tributes, taxes and roman ‘retainers’ (gifts and favourable trade conditions)

Question 7

Advantages of Romanization for British clients - Security

Answer 7

Attacking a Roman client kingdom could bring unwanted attention from the roman war machine, especially if there was a general with aspirations of political and military gravitas looking to pick a fight

This formed an invisible security blanket around client kingdoms. An added advantage was that a neighbouring client kingdom was unlikely to attack your borders.

Question 8

3 Disadvantages of Romanisation for British clients

Answer 8

-Dependency
- Duties
- Succession

Question 9

Disadvantages of Romanisation for British clients - dependency

Answer 9

Client rulers were answerable to the roman empire for their actions, thus lacking true independence as a leader. Their vision had to be the Roman vision.

Question 10

Disadvantages of Romanisation for British clients - Duties

Answer 10

Responsible for providing levies for the roman army, collect customs dues on trade with the empire

Question 11

Disadvantages of Romanisation for British clients - Succession

Answer 11

Ruler or people had little influence on who succeeded a dead leader. Rome had a host of roman educated noble hostages that could replace a deceased ruler. any major opposition to this arrangement could result in Roman annexation of your territories

Question 12

6 Advantages of Romanization for the Romans

Answer 12

-influence
-wealth
-security
-military
-tribal warfare
-conquest

Question 13

Advantages of Romanization for the Romans - influence

Answer 13

Romans could assert influence on regions they were yet to take the trouble of military conquering. By having rulers reliant on the empire for their position, Rome had de facto control of these kingdoms.

Question 14

Advantages of Romanization for the Romans - wealth

Answer 14

income from trade and customs duties greatly increased the wealth of the empire

Question 15

Advantages of Romanization for the Romans - security

Answer 15

client kingdoms acted as peaceful buffer zones between rome and its enemies

Question 16

Advantages of Romanization for the Romans - Military

Answer 16

Rome could levy soldiers from these kingdoms, especially for use as specialty auxillary units in war

Question 17

Advantages of Romanization for the Romans - Tribal warfare

Answer 17

Having tribal leaders onside gave rome local knowledge on campaigns plus local combatants to help quell rival or internal revolts

Question 18

Advantages of Romanization for the Romans- conquest

Answer 18

Conquering kingdoms that had already been partially romanized were easier to administer and control than kingdoms totally foreign to roman culture and customs

Question 19

aspect of post conquest romanization

Answer 19

• the settling of Roman veteranss into towns and cities

Question 20

Roman Veterans

Answer 20

• occupy confiscated land inside and outside of towns
  -received preferential treatment and best land
  -intergrate into communities and ensure loyalty to Roman culture and political leaders
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Question 21

Another aspect of post conquest Romanization was…

Answer 21

settling of roman veterans into towns and cities

Question 22

Roman veterans and settling into towns and cities

Answer 22

-occupied confiscated land inside of and outside of the towns.
-Received preferential treatment and best land
-intergration into communtities to ensure loyalty to roman culture and political leaders