Boudican Rebellion Flashcards
Who was Boudicca the queen of
The Iceni people
What is Boudicca remembered for
leading a revolt against the romans who had taken over her country.
revolt defintion
take violent action against an established government or ruler; rebel.
Who is Bouddica’s husband
Prasatagus, a roman client king
What was the revolt motivated by?
The uprising was motivated by the Romans’ failure to honour an agreement they had made with her husband, Prasutagus, regarding the succession of his kingdom upon his death, and by brutal mistreatment of Boudica and her daughters by the Romans.
What was the agreement between Prasatagus and the Romans
When King Prasutagus of the Iceni died, he left his lands to be divided between his daughters and the emperor, Nero.
What did the Romans do instead of sticking to Prasatagus’ will
Romans ignored Prasutagus’s will and seized his lands, flogged his widow Boudica, and raped their daughters.
Factors that enraged the Britons
-recalling of loans
-the appropriation of lands
-the actions of scapula, decianus catus and seutonius
-the seizure of icenian property
-violence against the family of prasatagus
-mistreatment of the druids and sacred sites
-the feeling that nothing was safe from roman greed and lust
Three main stages of the revolt (written by tacitus)
-the destruction of Camulodunum (Colchester)
-The burning of Londinium (London) and Verulamium (St Albans)
-the final battle
Roman Knowledge of Britain
Caesar’s expedition to Britain intentions
he travelled with an army to make war
inhabitants of gaul
-so poor and wretched that there was nothing worth taking from them
- Caesar took hostages from their king after not being satisfied with the final result of the war.
What did Boudicca’s army do to Camulodunum
- She attacked Camulodunum (Colchester), where her troops slaughtered thousands and set fire to the temple of Claudius, killing those who sheltered inside.
What did Boudicca’s army do to Londinium
Burnt it down and massacred 25,000 inhabitants
- burning the city and killing anyone who could not escape.
What did Boudicca’s army do to Verulamium
Burnt it down
- desecrated roman cemeteries
-mutilated statues
-destroyed tombstones
Battle of Watling Street
Battle of Watling Street, (61CE). In this final decisive battle of Boudica’s revolt against Roman rule in Britain, a large British force was routed by the heavily outnumbered Romans, under the command of Gaius Suetonius Paulinus. The battle marked the end of resistance to Roman rule in southern Britain, which was to last until 410.
Formation Tactics Suetonius - watling street battle
narrow gorge protected his flanks and a forest protected his rear. With open plains to the front, Boudica was forced to engage the Romans in a massive frontal charge that was funneled into a tight mass and cut down by volleys of javelin. Once the Britons were in disarray, Suetonius ordered his forces forward in typical Roman wedge-shaped formation.
As the Britons retreated, what happened.
the ring of wagons belonging to their families impeded their escape and they were massacred.
The Aftermath of the revolt
Boudicca’s defeat resulted in swift Roman restoration and vengeance. Direct Roman military rule was established and many tribes that had committed to the revolt such as the Iceni, were put to the sword and their lands sacked
-an estimated 80,000 Britons were slaughtered
-Only 400 romans were said to have been killed in the final battle
