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Romania Flashcards

1
Q

When was the fall of communism in Romania?

A

1989

  • Beginning of shift from quantity, poorer quality, frost- and disease-resistance hybrids from huge co-ops that had been the trend since WWll to privatized industry focused on quality
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2
Q

What are the most cultivated grapes in Romania?

A
  • Feteasca Alba
  • Feteasca Regala

(indigenous white grapes)

  • Plus Riesling Italico (Welschriesling), Chard, Sauv Blanc, Muscat Ottonel and Pinot Gris w/ significant acreage
  • Domestic preference for whites, however increase in international Cab Sauv, Merlot and PNoir to compete in world markets
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3
Q

Name three indigenous red grapes of Romania.

A
  • Feteasca Neagra
  • Burgund Mare
  • Babeasca Neagra

(all three reds can achieve higher quality)

  • Rosioara (Bulgaria’s Pamid) - generally table wine
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4
Q

What is Rosioara?

A

Rosioara (Bulgaria’s Pamid)

  • Indigenous red generally made for table wine
  • Vs:
    • Feteasca Neagra
    • Burgund Mare
    • Babeasca Neagra (higher quality indigenous red)
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5
Q

The Bulgaria grape Pamid is known as what in Romania?

A

Rosioara (Bulgaria’s Pamid)

  • Indigenous red - mostly used for table wine
  • Vs:
    • Feteasca Neagra
    • Burgund Mare
    • Babeasca Neagra
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6
Q

What are the broadest categories of Romanian wines?

A
  • Wines for Current Consumption (Table Wines)
  • Quality Wines
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7
Q

What are the 2 sub-categories for Table Wine in Romania?

A
  • VM (Table Wine/Vin de Masa)
  • VMS (Superior table wine/Vin de Masa Superior)
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8
Q

How are Quality Wines subdivided in Romania?

A
  • VS: Quality wines with a geographic designation/Vin de Calitate Superioara/PGI
  • DOC: Denumire de Origine Controlata/PDO
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9
Q

What are the requirements for Quality Wines in Romania?

A
  • Produced from recommended and authorized grape varietals from one of the 7 major regions
  • No hybrids
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10
Q

What are the subdivisions of the DOC category in Romania?

A
  • DOC-DMD: Grapes harvested at full maturity
  • DOC-CT: Late harvest grapes
  • COC-CID: Botrytis-affected grapes
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11
Q

What geographic feature dominates central Romania?

A

The Carpathian Mountains

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12
Q

What is Romania’s climate?

A

Continental

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13
Q

What are the 7 wine regions of Romania?

A

NW counterclockwise

Crisana
Maramures
Banat
Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia
Hills of Moldova

Center, highest vineyards, buffered by Carpathian Mtns

Transylvania Plateau

E, Black Sea Coast

Hills of Dobrogea
Danube Terraces

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14
Q

Name the 7 wine regions of Romania.

A

Start NW, moving counter clockwise around the Carpathian Mtns

  • Crisanei si Maramuresului Crisana and Maramures
  • Banatului Banat
  • Dealurilor Munteniei si Olteniei Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia
  • Dealurilor Moldovei Hills of Moldova

Eastern Black Sea Coast

  • Colinelor Dobrogei Hills of Dobrogea
  • Teraselor Dunarii Danube Terraces

Center, highest vineyards, buffered by Carpathian peaks

  • Podisului Transilvaniei Transylvania Plateau
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15
Q

What is Romania’s rank in global production?

A

13th

Eastern Europe: Country / Rank in Production / Appx Tonnage

  • Romania / 13 / 410,000
  • Hungary / 16 / 260,000
  • Bulgaria / 21 / 130,000
  • Czech Republic / 28 / 50,000
  • Croatia / 31 / 46,000
  • Slovakia / 35 / 33,000
  • Slovenia / 39 / 25,000
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16
Q

How many zones are in Romania’s Banatului Region?

A
  • Banat - 2
    • Banat DOC
    • Recaș DOC
  • Hills of Dobrogea - 3
    • Babadag DOC
    • Murfatlar DOC
    • Sarica-Niculițel DOC
  • Crisana and Maramures - 2
    • Crișana DOC
    • Miniș DOC
  • Hills of Moldova - 10
    • Bohotin DOC
    • Coteşti DOC
    • Cotnari DOC
    • Dealu Bujorului DOC
    • Huşi DOC
    • Iana DOC
    • Iaşi DOC
    • Nicoreşti DOC
    • Odobeşti DOC
    • Panciu DOC
  • Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia - 8
    • Dealu Mare DOC
    • Drăgaşani DOC
    • Pietroasa DOC
    • Sâmbureşti DOC
    • Ştefăneşti DOC
    • Banu Mărăcine DOC
    • Segarcea DOC
    • Mehedinți DOC
  • Transylvania Plateau - 5
    • Aiud DOC
    • Alba Iulia DOC
    • Sebeş-Apold DOC
    • Lechinţa DOC
    • Târnave DOC
  • Danube Terraces - 1
    • Oltina DOC
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17
Q

Which region of Romania has the most zones?

A

Hills of Moldova - 10

  • Banat - 2
    • Banat DOC
    • Recaș DOC
  • Hills of Dobrogea - 3
    • Babadag DOC
    • Murfatlar DOC
    • Sarica-Niculițel DOC
  • Crisana and Maramures - 2
    • Crișana DOC
    • Miniș DOC
  • Hills of Moldova - 10
    • Bohotin DOC
    • Coteşti DOC
    • Cotnari DOC
    • Dealu Bujorului DOC
    • Huşi DOC
    • Iana DOC
    • Iaşi DOC
    • Nicoreşti DOC
    • Odobeşti DOC
    • Panciu DOC
  • Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia - 8
    • Dealu Mare DOC
    • Drăgaşani DOC
    • Pietroasa DOC
    • Sâmbureşti DOC
    • Ştefăneşti DOC
    • Banu Mărăcine DOC
    • Segarcea DOC
    • Mehedinți DOC
  • Transylvania Plateau - 5
    • Aiud DOC
    • Alba Iulia DOC
    • Sebeş-Apold DOC
    • Lechinţa DOC
    • Târnave DOC
  • Danube Terraces - 1
    • Oltina DOC
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18
Q

Which region of Romania has the least amount of zones?; which region has the most?

A

Danube Terraces - 1

(vs Bannat has 2, Crisana and Maramures has 2, Hills of Moldova has the most 10)

  • Banat - 2
    • Banat DOC
    • Recaș DOC
  • Hills of Dobrogea - 3
    • Babadag DOC
    • Murfatlar DOC
    • Sarica-Niculițel DOC
  • Crisana and Maramures - 2
    • Crișana DOC
    • Miniș DOC
  • Hills of Moldova - 10
    • Bohotin DOC
    • Coteşti DOC
    • Cotnari DOC
    • Dealu Bujorului DOC
    • Huşi DOC
    • Iana DOC
    • Iaşi DOC
    • Nicoreşti DOC
    • Odobeşti DOC
    • Panciu DOC
  • Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia - 8
    • Dealu Mare DOC
    • Drăgaşani DOC
    • Pietroasa DOC
    • Sâmbureşti DOC
    • Ştefăneşti DOC
    • Banu Mărăcine DOC
    • Segarcea DOC
    • Mehedinți DOC
  • Transylvania Plateau - 5
    • Aiud DOC
    • Alba Iulia DOC
    • Sebeş-Apold DOC
    • Lechinţa DOC
    • Târnave DOC
  • Danube Terraces - 1
    • Oltina DOC
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19
Q

How manzy zones are within the Transylvania Plateau region of Romania?

A

Transylvania Plateau - 5

(medium in terms of size, Danube Terraces has 1 zone, Hills of Moldova has 10 zones)

  • Banat - 2
    • Banat DOC
    • Recaș DOC
  • Hills of Dobrogea - 3
    • Babadag DOC
    • Murfatlar DOC
    • Sarica-Niculițel DOC
  • Crisana and Maramures - 2
    • Crișana DOC
    • Miniș DOC
  • Hills of Moldova - 10
    • Bohotin DOC
    • Coteşti DOC
    • Cotnari DOC
    • Dealu Bujorului DOC
    • Huşi DOC
    • Iana DOC
    • Iaşi DOC
    • Nicoreşti DOC
    • Odobeşti DOC
    • Panciu DOC
  • Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia - 8
    • Dealu Mare DOC
    • Drăgaşani DOC
    • Pietroasa DOC
    • Sâmbureşti DOC
    • Ştefăneşti DOC
    • Banu Mărăcine DOC
    • Segarcea DOC
    • Mehedinți DOC
  • Transylvania Plateau - 5
    • Aiud DOC
    • Alba Iulia DOC
    • Sebeş-Apold DOC
    • Lechinţa DOC
    • Târnave DOC
  • Danube Terraces - 1
    • Oltina DOC
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20
Q

How many zones are within the Muntenia and Oltenia region of Romania?

A

Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia - 8

(2nd most, Hills of Moldova has 10)

  • Banat - 2
    • Banat DOC
    • Recaș DOC
  • Hills of Dobrogea - 3
    • Babadag DOC
    • Murfatlar DOC
    • Sarica-Niculițel DOC
  • Crisana and Maramures - 2
    • Crișana DOC
    • Miniș DOC
  • Hills of Moldova - 10
    • Bohotin DOC
    • Coteşti DOC
    • Cotnari DOC
    • Dealu Bujorului DOC
    • Huşi DOC
    • Iana DOC
    • Iaşi DOC
    • Nicoreşti DOC
    • Odobeşti DOC
    • Panciu DOC
  • Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia - 8
    • Dealu Mare DOC
    • Drăgaşani DOC
    • Pietroasa DOC
    • Sâmbureşti DOC
    • Ştefăneşti DOC
    • Banu Mărăcine DOC
    • Segarcea DOC
    • Mehedinți DOC
  • Transylvania Plateau - 5
    • Aiud DOC
    • Alba Iulia DOC
    • Sebeş-Apold DOC
    • Lechinţa DOC
    • Târnave DOC
  • Danube Terraces - 1
    • Oltina DOC
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21
Q

Put the regions of Romania into most to least amount of zones.

A
  • Hills of Moldova - 10
  • Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia - 8
  • Transylvania Plateau - 5
  • Hills of Dobrogea - 3
  • Banat - 2
  • Crisana and Maramures - 2
  • Danube Terraces - 1
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22
Q

Put the reions of Romania in order of least to most amount of zones.

A
  • Danube Terraces - 1
  • Banat - 2
  • Crisana and Maramures - 2
  • Hills of Dobrogea - 3
  • Transylvania Plateau - 5
  • Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia - 8
  • Hills of Moldova - 10
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23
Q

Which region of Romania is furthest east?

A

Dobrogea (3 zones)

  • vs Banat (2 zones), furthest west
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24
Q

Which region of Romania is furthest west?

A

Banat (2 zones)

  • vs Dobrogea (3 zones), furthest east
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25
Q

Name a region of Romania located in the south?

A

Muntenia and Oltenia

  • 8 zones
  • 2nd most zones after Moldova in NE, which has 10 zones
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26
Q

Where is Moldova located within Romania?; why should you know that?

A
  • NE
  • Hills of Moldova has more zones than any other region of Romania
    • ​vs Muntenia and Oltenia has 8 zones, 2nd most
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27
Q

What are the most cultivated grapes in Romania?

A

Feteasca Alba
Feteasca Regala

28
Q

The Bulgarian grape Pamid is known as what in Romania?

A

Rosioara (mostly used for table wine)

29
Q

What are the two broadest categories of Romanian wine?

A
  • Wines for Current Consumption (Table Wines)
  • Quality Wines
30
Q

What are the two sub-categories for Table Wine in Romania?

A
  • VM (Table Wine/Vin de Masa)
    -VMS (superior table wine/Vin de Masa Superior)
31
Q

How are Quality Wines subdivided in Romania?

A

VS (quality wines with a geographic designation/Vin de Calitate Superioara/PGI)
DOC (Denumire de Origine Controlata/PDO)

32
Q

What are the requirements for Quality Wines in Romania?

A

Produced from recommended and authorized grape varietals from one of the seven major regions.
No hybrids.

33
Q

What are the subdivisions of the DOC category in Romania?

A

DOC-CMD: grapes harvested at full maturity
DOC-CT: late harvest grapes
DOC-CID: botrytis-affected grapes

34
Q

What geographic feature dominates central Romania?

A

The Carpathian Mountains

35
Q

What is Romania’s climate?

A

Continental

36
Q

What are the seven wine regions of Romania?

A
  • Banatului (Banat)
  • Colinelor Dobrogei (Hills of Dobrogea)
  • Crisanei si Maramuresului (Crisana and Maramures)
  • Dealurilor Moldovei (Hills of Moldova)
  • Dealurilor Muteniei si Olteniei (Hills of Muntenia and Oltenia)
  • Podisului Transilvaniei (Transylvania Plateau)
  • Teraselor Dunarii (Danube Terraces)
37
Q

Romania: What is the most important DOC in Podisului Transilvaniei?

A

Tarnave DOC - cool climate, producing high-acid whites of the Feteasca grapes and Traminer Rosé

38
Q

Romania: What is the famous product of Cotnari DOC? Where is it?

A

Sweet wines of Grasa de Cotnari, once with a reputation rivaling Tokaji.
Francusa, Tamaioasa Romaneasca, and Feteasca Alba may be blended in, or all may be bottled varietally.
Cotnari wines may be dry, but the sweet wines are more complex and long-lived.

Cotnari DOC lies within Dealurilor Moldovei.

39
Q

Romania: Where is Dealu Mare DOC? What is its most famous product?

A
  • Dealurilor Muteniei si Olteniei.
  • Red wines of Cab Sauv and Pinot Noir.
40
Q

Romania: What DOC in Colinelor Dobrogei is known for Cabernet and Pinot Noir, as well as traditional whites?

A

Murfatlar DOC

41
Q

What river marks Romania’s Southern Border with Serbia?

A

The Danube River

-flowing eastward into the Black Sea

42
Q

Name the 7 major wine regions Romania.

A

Moldavia
Mutenia-Oltenia
Banat
Crisana-Maramures
Dobrogea
Danube Terraces
Transylvania

43
Q

Where are Romania’s highest vineyards located?

A

Transylvania

-buffered by the Carpathian peaks

44
Q

What are Romania’s most famous vinous products?

A

The sweet wines of Contari DOC in Moldavia

-once enjoyed a reputation on par with Tokaji

45
Q

What is the most prominent grape of Cotnari DOC

A

Grasa de Cotnari

possibly shares a common lineage with Furmint
capable of reaching extreme ripeness levels

46
Q

Romania borders what large body of water?

47
Q

What grapes is Murfatlar DOC gaining a reputation for?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir, traditional Romanian white grape varieties and late harvest Chardonnay

48
Q

What is Țuică?

A

Romanian brandy, only made from fermented and distilled plums

Considered Romania’s national drink

49
Q

What are other Romanian spirits, distilled from other fruit or cereal grain, called?

A

“Rachiu” or “Rachie”

50
Q

What was the historically famous wine of the Cotnari DOC?

A

a. Sweet wines from Grasa de Cotnari
b. Historically rivalled Tokaji
c. Cotnari DOC lies within Dealurilor Moldovei

51
Q

What river marks Romania’s southern border between Bulgaria and Serbia?

A

The Danube River
Flowing east to the Black Sea

52
Q

There are two principal oak-growing regions in Romania; name them:

A

Transylvania & Wallachia

53
Q

What sweet white wine of Romania, often botrytized, once vied with Tokaji for renown?

54
Q

What DOC of Romania is most notable for it’s red wine production from international grapes

A

Dealu Mare DOC

55
Q

What does DOC-CIB indicate on a label in Romania

A

Botrytis-affected grapes

56
Q

What are the 2 most popular indigenous white grapes in Romania

A

Feteasca Alba, Feteasca Regala

57
Q

What is the French name for Romanian Tamaioasa?

58
Q

What does DOC-CT mean in Romania?

A

Late-harvested

59
Q

What does DOC-CIB mean in Romania?

A

Botrytised

60
Q

What does DOC-CMD mean in Romania?

A

Fully mature but not late harvested or botrytised

61
Q

What are the traditional grapes of Cotnari?

A

Grasa, Tamaioasa, Francusa, Feteasca

62
Q

What is the ROM designation for Table wine?

A

VM - Vin de Masa

63
Q

What is the ROM designation for PDO wines?

A

DOC - Denumire de Origine Controlata

64
Q

What river provides the NE border of Romania and Moldova?

65
Q

How many years after vintage may a Vin de Vinotheka be earliest released?

A

1y in barrel + 4y in bottle = 5y

66
Q

What river forms Romania’s southern border?

Eastern Europe (8 decks)

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