Roman Empire and Carthage Flashcards
when does Polybius write and what does it cover?
polybius writes in second half of of 2nd century BCE, covered 264-146.
his books are fragmented and some lost
which significant did Polybius witness?
the destruction of Carthage
when does Livy write?
Livy writes early 1st century AD and uses earlier sources, covering 753-9 BCE
what was the first punic war, where did it mainly occur?
lasted from 264-241 BCE and was mainly a naval war and resulted in Carthaginian defeat
how did the first punic war end?
241, Treaty of Lutatius, Carthage must evacuate Sicily, free roman prisoner and pay Rome 3200 silver
when was second punic war?
lasted from 218-201 BCE, the roman lost a disastrous amount of men
How did the second punic war end?
Hannibal was defeated in 202 and a treaty was signed with Carthage in 201 which reduced its land and its military power. prevented Carthage from waging war without Rome’s permission
when was the third punic war?
lasted from 149-146 BCE
how did the Third Punic war end?
146, romans destroy the city of Corinth and Carthage
what were some of the effects of Roman conquest on society?
the influx of artwork, exposure to greek literature and artistic culture was embraced
what was some of the economic benefits of roman conquest?
massive amounts of wealth seized from wars allowed for roman citizens to be exempt from taxation in 167BCE
How did Cato the Elder criticise the influence of greek society?
what is the argument against this?
criticised greek influence on culture and the corrupting influence on traditional roman behaviour
however this was an invention of his own, as their was no sense of identity among romans
what did Cato the Elders writing suggest about roman institutions?
They had worked better in the recent past and the roman elite agreed their hegemonic status in the world through the destruction of Carthage
what was the African boom?
period of economic prosperity in 2nd century AD, massive surge in African exports
what is the evidence of impact of the African boom across the Mediterranean?
initially trade heads to Italy and Rome then spreads to rest of Med.
amphorae, fine ware and cookware in central Med