civil rights

Question 1

when was plessy v Ferguson? what was it?

Answer 1

1896 - court ruled that separate but equal was constitutional and didn’t violate law

Question 2

what was the 14th amendment?

Answer 2

gave black Americans equal protection in law

Question 3

what was the 15th amendment?

Answer 3

1870, allowed black American men to vote

Question 4

what were Jim Crow laws?

Answer 4

the name Given to laws passed by southern states to restrict the rights and freedoms of black Americans in late 19th century. included segregated facilities and public transport

Question 5

what was the executive order president Roosevelt issued in 1941?

Answer 5

EO that outlawed racial discrimination in government and military creating fair employment,

Question 6

what provoked the executive order passed by Roosevelt?

Answer 6

thousands of black Americans threatened to march on Washington, which scared those in Washington

Question 7

what did the executive order passed by president Truman do?

Answer 7

1948 civil rights agenda that would end discrimination in the military

Question 8

what was the Montgomery bus boycott? when was it?

Answer 8

sparked by rosa parks and led by MLK, black Americans refused to use Alabama bus system.
it lasted from December 1955 to November 1956

Question 9

what were the demands of the Montgomery bus boycott?

Answer 9

they demanded more black drivers and increased stops in black neighbourhoods, desegregating bus seats

Question 10

what was the outcome of the Montgomery bus boycott?

Answer 10

Montgomery federal court ruled that racially segregated seating violated 14th amendment

Question 11

what was the white backlash to integration of busses?

Answer 11

snipers fired into busses, in 1957 four black churches and black leaders were bombed by members of the KKK

Question 12

what was brown v board? when was it?

Answer 12

1954, case Brought by the NAACP and ruled that separate but equal was unconstitutional and demanded school desegregation happen immediately

Question 13

what was the second brown v board ruling?

Answer 13

1955, the Supreme Court demanded schools integrate “with all deliberate speed”

Question 14

what happened at Little Rock?

Answer 14

1957, 9 black students arrived at integrated school and were met by a mob of white resistance and resulted in the president ordering federal troops to escort pupils to class

Question 15

what was the civil rights act 1957?

Answer 15

passed by president Eisenhower, allowed for prosecution of anyone who tried to prevent someone from voting and created commission for voter fraud

Question 16

what was the march on Washington?

Answer 16

1963, led by MLK and was most famous event of movement, more than 200,000 people attended. was the sight of “I have a dream” speech

Question 17

what was the civil rights act 1964?

Answer 17

passed by president Lyndon B. Johnson, guaranteed equal employment and limited voter literacy tests, further ensured integration of facilities

Question 18

what was Bloody Sunday?

Answer 18

march 7 1965, peaceful protesters marched against the killing of civil rights activist by white police officer. protestors were met on a bridge in Alabama by police tear gas and beatings

Question 19

what was voting rights act 1965?

Answer 19

passed by president Johnson, banned all voter literacy tests, attempting to prevent racial discrimination in voting

Question 20

what was the kerner commission?

Answer 20

1967, a report from commission on civil disorders, blamed white society and racism for black violence and saw society heading towards greater segregation. recommended spending on poverty. but this was ignored

Question 21

how did the war on drugs change race relations?

Answer 21

1980s war on drugs took off and has resulted in mass incarceration of black Americans which some call the ‘new Jim crow”.

Question 22

what were the chances of white and black Americans spending time in prison in 1991?

Answer 22

29% chance of Black males and 1% chance of white males spending time in prison

Question 23

what was one of the causes for mass incarceration?

Answer 23

the introduction of mandatory sentencing in anti drug abuse act 1986

Question 24

when did black American community begin to have cultural success?

Answer 24

1980s, black Americans becoming big celebrities e.g oprah, Eddie Murphy, Michael Jackson

Question 25

how was Oprah successful?

Answer 25

her show ran till 2011, born in poverty and had success in television and became richest black American and first black billionaire

Question 26

how was Michael Jackson successful?

Answer 26

became the king of pop, thriller was best selling album of all time. MTV took off but initially had no black artists and Jackson couldn’t originally get on MTV. he eventually was on and broke barrier for black artists.

Question 27

what did Michael Jackson song ‘black or white’ attempt to do?

Answer 27

1991, presented a song of racial harmony to present America well

Question 28

what caused the LA riots of 1992?

Answer 28

sparked by the beating of Rodney king by 4 LAPD officers which was captured on video with the officers being acquitted.

Question 29

what happened in the LA riots?

Answer 29

black protesters took to the streets, violence broke out after white man was dragged from truck and beaten.
resulted in 52 dead and 2500 injured

Question 30

what was Rodney Kings response to LA riots?

Answer 30

appeared on TV and said “ can’t we all just get along”

Question 31

how did the New Deal affect black Americans?

Answer 31

passed by FDR in 1933, set minimum wages and hours which reduced the ability for southern business to exploit cheap African American labour

Question 32

how did the New Deal affect African American employment?

Answer 32

after great migration, Southern blacks migrated north in search of better jobs. by 1960 1 in 7 blacks still laboured on land and more were moving into manual occupations and higher level Jobs