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Art History > Roman Art Final > Flashcards

Roman Art Final Flashcards

1
Q
A

Bust of Trajan, from Rome, ca. 110 AD, marble

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2
Q
A

The Markets of Trajan in Rome, 100-112 AD, brick faced concrete, Architect: Apollodorus of Damascus

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3
Q
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The Basilica Ulpia in the Forum of Trajan, ca. 113 AD, marble, Architect: Apollodorus of Damascus

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4
Q
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The Column of Trajan, dedicated in 113 AD in the Forum of Trajan, Rome, marble, Architect: Apollodorus of Damascus

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5
Q
A

The Triumphal Arch of Trajan at Benevento, ca. 117 AD, marble

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6
Q
A

The city of Timgad in Algeria, founded by Trajan in ca. 110 AD, built of local limestone

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7
Q

Princeps

A

the first in order, the first chief

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8
Q

adlocutio

A

addressing the troops

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9
Q

alimenta

A

donations for needy children

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10
Q

basilica

A

A large room where people meet

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11
Q

castrum (plural castra)

A

buildings or plots of land reserved for or constructed for use as a military defensive position

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12
Q
A

The base of the trajan column where the ashes of Trajan are

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13
Q
A

The campaign against Decebalus begins: crossing the Danube; column of Trajan

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14
Q
A

The alimenta scene, interior of archway: Trajan distributes food to needy Romans. Arch of Trajan

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15
Q
A

Emperor Hadrian (117-­‐138 AD) wearing an oak wreath. From Khania, Crete. Marble.

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16
Q
A

Nude statue of Antinous, from Delphi, Greece, marble 130-138 AD

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17
Q
A

Hadrianic roundel: boar hunt featuring the emperor. From Rome, ca. 130-­‐38., marble (reused on the arch of constantine)

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18
Q
A

Hadrian’s villa at Tivoli (near Rome), built ca. 125 AD (Known as the Canopus, called the canal and Martime Theater)

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19
Q
A

The Pantheon, Rome. Rebuilt by Hadrian, ca. 125-128 AD, marble, brick, and concrete

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20
Q
A

The temple of Venus and Rome, marble (opus sectile), brick, concrete, dedicated in 135 AD

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21
Q
A

Relief of Venus and two nymphs, from water tank near Hadrian’s Wall (High Rochester, England) ca. 200 AD, local sandstone

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22
Q

Second Sophistic

A

looking back to the 4th and 5th Century BC in Greece; attempt to go back to the ideals of Greece

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23
Q

insula

A

apartment building

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24
Q

Oculus

A

eye, hole in the center

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25
Q

opus sectile

A

materials were cut and inlaid into walls and floors to make a picture or pattern

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26
Q
A

Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, from Rome, ca. 165 AD. Gilded bronze.

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27
Q
A

Portrait of a young man from the Fayum, Egypt. AD 160-­‐170. Encaustic on wood panel.

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28
Q
A

Apotheosis of Antoninus Pius and Faustina, on the bast of the Column of Antoninus Pius, Rome, ca. 161 AD, marble

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29
Q
A

Military review (Decursio) on the base of the Column of Antoninus Pius, Rome, ca. 161 AD, marble

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30
Q
A

The Column of Marcus Aurelius, built under Commodus, ca. 180 AD. Rome. Marble

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31
Q
A

The Rain miracle on the Column on Marcus Aurelius

32
Q
A

The Indian triumph of Bacchus, Sarcophagus, from Rome, ca. 180 AD, marble

33
Q
A

Marble statue of the goddess Isis, from Rome. ca. 150 AD, marble

34
Q
A

Bust of Commodus as Hercules, ca. 190 AD, from Rome. Marble.

35
Q

Encaustic

A

when pigment comes from beeswax

36
Q

Mystery Cult

A

cult of Isis is an example; in order to become a follower of Isis you go through an initiation process and then you’re in the cult

37
Q

Isis

A

Isis brings people back to life; if you worship her, the cult of Isis saying she will bring you back to life and eternal afterlife

38
Q
A

Round portrait (tondo) of Septimius Severus, Julia Domna, Caracalla and Geta. Ca. 199 AD. From the Fayum. Encaustic on wood.

39
Q
A

Portrait of Caracalla from the temple of Isis at Coptos (Egypt), ca. 211-217 AD. Red Granite.

40
Q
A

Arch of Septimius Severus, Roman Forum, dedicated in 203 AD. Marble.

41
Q
A

Arch of the argentarii, in the Forum Boarium, Rome. Dedicated 204 AD. Marble

42
Q
A

Tetrapylon (four-sided triumphal arch) of Septimius Severus at Leptis Magna (Libya), dedicated 204 AD. Marble.

43
Q
A

Sarcophagus of Emperor Balbinus and wife, from Rome. 238 AD. Marble.

44
Q
A

Trebonianus Gallus (ruled 251-253 AD), bronze full-length statue, from Rome.

45
Q
A

Portrait of a young woman, from Rome, ca. 270s AD. Marble.

46
Q

Spandrel

A

corner of the arch

47
Q

Neo-platonism

A

a school of mystical philosophy that took shape in the 3rd century

48
Q

Psychological portraiture

A

Lets the viewer notice what the portrait is thinking. Emphasize abstract lines in the face and the general shape of head or hair; the brow was often wrinkled as if to indicate anxiety

49
Q
A

Christ as the Good Shepherd, wall-painting from the Catacombs of Priscilla, Rome, ca. 250 AD.

50
Q
A

The Tetrarchs from Byzantium/Constantinople, now in Venice. Ca. 300 AD. Porphyry.

51
Q
A

Bust of a Tetrarch, ca. 300 AD. Porphyry. From Cairo, Egypt.

52
Q
A

The Basilica of Maxentius, Roman Forum, ca. 306-313 AD. Brick-faced concrete.

53
Q
A

Diocletian’s Palace at Split (Croatia), ca. 300-305 AD.

54
Q
A

The arch of Galerius at Thessalonika, ca. 303 AD. Brick-faced concrete and marble.

  • SW pillar, top, adventus and battle
  • Adventus is when the emperor comes out and the people celebrate and cheer
  • You know the emperor is there because he has an eagle over his head
  • Eagle → Rome/Jupiter
  • Galerius on a horse trampling a Persian
  • SW pillar, beneath: enthroned augusti and standing caesares
  • Four emperors
  • Elsewhere on the arch; Galerius making libation, Diocletian looks on
  • Same pillar, below: Persian prisoners and their animals bringing tribute
  • Trying to buy off the Romans
  • Instead of drawing in relief they are outlining
55
Q
A

The Villa at Piazza Armerina, Sicily (the Great Hunt Mosaic) Ca. 310 AD.

56
Q
A

The Villa at Piazza Armerina, Sicily (the ‘Bikini Girls’ mosaic) Ca. 310 AD.

57
Q

Porphyry

A

a very hard volcanic stone that only comes from Egypt; the color is purple

58
Q

Catacomb

A
  • Place for people to get buried
  • Needed more space to bury people because people were no longer being cremated
  • Most of the time people were buried on a busy roadway
  • Common people get buried here
59
Q
A

Colossal statue of Constantine from the Basilica of Maxentius, Rome. Ca. 315 AD. Marble.

60
Q
A

The arch of Constantine in Rome. 315 AD. Marble.

  • Spolia on the arch of Constantine
  • Spolia- when you take older material and reuse them in a newer context
  • Uses spolia because it is a link to the past
61
Q
A

The Donatio frieze from the Arch of Constantine (Constantine gives money to the people), Rome. Ca. 315 AD. Marble.

62
Q
A

Constantine’s basilica (audience-hall) at Trier (Germany), ca. 310 AD. Brick with marble facings on the interior

  • Basilicas are large rectangles with a lot of space inside
  • They are now starting to have an apse on the opposite side of the entrance
  • It is now a church but that was not the original purpose
  • The original purpose was an audience hall to host people
  • The tetrarchs are becoming more like monarchs
  • The windows in the apse are smaller and lower in order to make the apse look bigger and bring more attention to the apse
  • The building does not have a vaulted ceiling because it is mostly window and not wall
63
Q
A

Apse mosaic in the Mausoleum of Constantia, Rome: Christ gives the keys of Heaven to St. Peter. Ca. 350 AD.

64
Q
A

The Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, ca. 359 AD. Marble. From Rome

  • Can guess he was a Christian because ever scene comes from the Bible
  • Is still considered Roman because it is a sarcophagus and the shape is Roman
  • The person buried spoke Latin
  • Byzantine people called themselves Roman
65
Q

spolia

A

When things are taken from previously made structures

66
Q

apse

A

The semi-circular part of a basilica

67
Q

Edict of Milan

A

The sign that Constantine saw in his dream which lead him to win the war

68
Q

Flavian Period

A

69 AD- 96 AD

69
Q

Trajanic Period

70
Q

Hadrianic Period

A

117-138 AD

71
Q

Antonine Period

A

138- 193 AD

Antoninus Pius, 138-161; Marcus Aurelius, 161-180 and Lucius Verus, 161-169; Commodus, 180-193

72
Q

Severan Period

A

193- 235 AD

Septimius Severus, 193-211; Caracalla, 211-217; Elagabalus, 218-222; Alexander Severus, 222-235)

73
Q

Period of the Soldier Emperors

A

235-284 AD

74
Q

The Tetrarchic Period

A

284-312 AD

75
Q

Constantine Period

A

312-337 AD

Art History (18 decks)

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