Rollo May

Question 1

Common elements of existentialism

Answer 1

1. Existence takes precedence over essence.
2. Existentialism opposes the split between subject and object.
3. People search for some meaning to their lives.
4. Existentialists hold that ultimately each of us is responsible for who we are and what we become.
5. Existentialists are basically antitheoretical.

Question 2

Dasein means

Answer 2

Being-in-the-world

Question 3

Three simultaneous modes in their being-in-the-world

Answer 3

Umwelt-around world
Mitwelt-with world
Eigenwelt-own world

Question 4

Subjective state of the individual’s becoming aware that his or her existence can be destroyed, that he can become nothing.

Answer 4

Anxiety

Question 5

Types of anxiety

Answer 5

Normal anxiety
Neurotic anxiety

Question 6

Proportionate to the threat.
Does not involve repression.
Can be confronted constructively on the conscious level.

Answer 6

Normal anxiety

Question 7

Disproportionate to the threat.
Involves repression and other forms of intrapsychic conflict.
Managed by various kinds of blocking-off of activity and awareness

Answer 7

Neurotic anxiety

Question 8

It rises when people deny their potentialities, fail to accurately perceive the needs of fellow humans, or remain oblivious to their dependence on the natural world

Answer 8

Guilt

Question 9

May identified three forms of ontological guilt, each corresponding to one of the three modes of being-in-the-world

Answer 9

Umwelt
Mitwelt
Eigenwelt

Question 10

(GUILT) It can arise from lack of awareness of one’s being-in-the-world

Answer 10

Umwelt

Question 11

(GUILT) It is the inability to perceive accurately to the world of others.

Answer 11

Mitwelt

Question 12

(GUILT) It is associated with our denial of our own potentialities or with our failure to fulfil them.

Answer 12

Eigenwelt

Question 13

The structure that gives meaning to experience and allows people to make decision about the future.

Answer 13

Intentionality

Question 14

May used the term “intentionality” to bridge that gap between ____ and _____

Answer 14

Subject and object

Question 15

T or F: Intentionality is sometimes unconscious

Answer 15

True

Question 16

To care for someone means to recognize that the person as a _____, to identify with that person’s ____, ____ or ____

Answer 16

fellow human being
Pain or joy, guilt, or pity

Question 17

T or F: Care is not the same as love, but it is the source of love.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

T or F: Care is also the source of the will

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Union of love and will

Answer 19

For the mature person, both love and will mean a reaching out toward another person.

Question 20

Both involve CARE, both necessitate CHOICE, both imply ACTION, both require RESPONSIBILITY

Answer 20

Union of love and will

Question 21

Forms of love

Answer 21

Sex
Eros
Philia
Agape

Question 22

It is a biological function that can be satisfied through sexual intercourse or some other release of sexual tension.

Answer 22

Sex

Question 23

It is a psychological desire that seeks procreation or creation through an enduring union with a loved one.

Answer 23

Eros

Question 24

It is an intimate nonsexual friendship between two people.

Answer 24

Philia

Question 25

It is the altruistic love

Answer 25

Agape

Question 26

Forms of freedom

Answer 26

Existential freedom
Essential freedom

Question 27

It is the freedom of action- the freedom of doing.

Answer 27

Existential freedom

Question 28

It is the individual’s capacity to know that he is the determined one.

Answer 28

Freedom

Question 29

It is the freedom to act on the choices that one makes.

Answer 29

Existential freedom

Question 30

The freedom of being.
Inner freedom

Answer 30

Essential freedom

Question 31

It is the design of the universe speaking through the design of each one of us.

Answer 31

Destiny

Question 32

It is our destination, our terminus goal.

Answer 32

Destiny

Question 33

Freedom and destiny are normal paradox of life.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Freedom and destiny are intertwined, one cannot exist without the other.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Freedom and destiny give birth to each other.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Conscious and unconscious belief systems that provide explanations for personal and social problems.

Answer 36

The power of myth

Question 37

Stories that unify a society, May believed that people communicate with one another on two levels:

Answer 37

Rationalistic language
Thought myths

Question 38

Truth takes precedence over the people who are communicating

Answer 38

Rationalistic language

Question 39

The total human experience is more important than the empirical accuracy of the communication

Answer 39

Through myths

Question 40

May believed that the Oedipus story contains elements of existential crisis common to everyone:

Answer 40

A. Birth
B. Separation or exile from parents and home
C. Sexual union with one parent and hostility toward the other.
D. The assertion of independence and the search for identity
E. Death

Question 41

May’s MYTH-> Carl Jung’s _____

Answer 41

Collective unconscious

Question 42

Apathy and emptiness are the malaise of modern times

Answer 42

Psychopathology

Question 43

May saw psychopathology as _____ of _____

Answer 43

Lack of communication

Question 44

Neurotic symptoms do not represent a failure of adjustment, but rather a proper and necessary adjustment by which one’s Dasein can be preserved.

Answer 44

Psychopathology

Question 45

Purpose of psychotherapy is to

Answer 45

Set people free