Role of Kidney In osmoregulation Flashcards
P1. What happen after an athlete has completed a long distance marathon activity?
P1. After the marathon activity, there is excessive sweating which causes excessive water loss and a RISE in a BLOOD OSMOTIC PRESSURE.
P2. What happen after blood osmotic pressure increases?
P2. When the blood osmotic pressure increases, the WATER POTENTIAL OF THE BLOOD DECREASES.
P3. What happen when the water potential of the blood decreases?
P3. Water potential of the blood decreases is detected by the OSMORECEPTORS in the HYPOTHALAMUS.
P4. What happen after osmoreceptors in hypothalamus detect decreasing of water potential of the blood.
P4. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) is produced by the hypothalamus and transported to the posterior pituitary gland to be stored.
P5. What happen next to ADH that has been stored in the posterior pituitary gland?
P5. Nerve impulses are generated and sent to the posterior pituitary glands to stimulate the RELEASE of ADH.
P6. What happen next to the ADH?
P6. ADH is transported by the bloodstream to the kidney tubules.
P7. What is the function of ADH?
P7. ADH increases the permeability of the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts of water.
P8. How does the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) regulate the insertion of aquaporins into the plasma membranes of kidney tubule cells to maintain water balance and urine concentration?
P8. Aquaporins are a family of membrane proteins that serve as channels to facilitate the transport of water molecules across cell membranes.
Aquaporins are inserted into the plasma membranes of kidney tubule cells through a highly regulated process involving the ADH.
This mechanism allows the kidneys to adjust the amount of water reabsorbed based on the body’s hydration status, thus playing a crucial role in maintaining water balance and urine concentration.
P9. How does the insertion of aquaporins into kidney tubule cell membranes facilitate water movement from the tubular filtrate into the surrounding cortex and medulla interstitial fluid by osmosis?
P9. Water flows from the tubular filtrate into the surrounding cortex and medulla interstitial fluid by osmosis.
This is due to the osmotic gradient created by the high concentration of solutes in the interstitial fluid, which draws water out of the filtrate through aquaporins inserted in the plasma membranes of kidney tubule cells.
P10. How is reabsorbed water from the kidney tubules transported into the blood?
P10. Reabsorbed water from the kidney tubules is carried into the blood.
P11. How does aldosterone contribute to maintaining blood volume and pressure through its effects on sodium reabsorption in the distal tubules and collecting ducts?
P11. The adrenal cortex of the adrenal gland secrete ALDOSTERONE.
Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in the distal tubules and collecting ducts into the blood vessels surrounding the tubules.
This increased sodium reabsorption leads to an osmotic gradient that promotes water reabsorption into the blood vessels surrounding the tubules, indirectly aiding in maintaining blood volume and pressure.
