Roessler Unit 1 Ch 6

Question 1

By what year had Rome destroyed Carthage and Corinth, making the Mediterranean “Mare Nostrum?”

Answer 1

146 BC

Question 2

Because they were always away for war, what type of Roman was essentially screwed over for money when Rome was in relative peace after 146 BC?

These people couldn’t get jobs because of the increased influx of slaves

Answer 2

Soldiers

Question 3

Who:

Were known as Cornelia’s “Jewels?”

Answer 3

Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus

Question 4

Who was the daughter of Scipio Africanus?

Answer 4

Cornelia

Question 5

Name the tribunes of 133 BC

Answer 5

Tiberius Gracchus and Marcus Octavius

Question 6

What tribune in 133 BC advocated for land reform, and actually kicked his fellow tribune out of the room so that he couldn’t veto his plebiscites?

Answer 6

Tiberius Gracchus

Question 7

Who led a mob that killed Tiberius Gracchus and 300 of his followers?

Answer 7

Scipio Nasica

Question 8

What was the familial relationship between Scipio Nasica and Tiberius Gracchus?

Answer 8

Scipio Nasica was Tiberius Gracchus’ cousin

Question 9

How many terms of the tribunal office did Gaius Gracchus hold?

Answer 9

2

Question 10

When was Gaius Gracchus tribune?

Answer 10

123 and 122 BC

Question 11

What tribune advocated for land reform and grain distribution?

Answer 11

Gaius Gracchus

Question 12

When Gaius Gracchus tries running for a 3rd term of tribune (which was really illegal), a mob killed 3000 of his followers. Who did Gaius ask to help him commit suicide after this, before the mob could get to him?

Answer 12

His slave

Question 13

In what year does:

Rome get more land from Pergamum and Numantia, Tiberius Gracchus get killed?

Answer 13

133 BC

Question 14

Who becomes famous when he takes credit for defeating Jugurtha?

Answer 14

Marius

Question 15

Give the full name of Marius

Answer 15

Gaius Marius

Question 16

What class was Marius?

Answer 16

Plebeian

Question 17

Marius was the first in his family to gain the office of tribune. What title did that bestow upon him?

Answer 17

Novus homo

Question 18

Marius was a client of what rich family?

Answer 18

Metelli

Question 19

Marius married the aunt of what famous Roman dictator?

Answer 19

Julius Caesar

Question 20

Julius Caesar was the nephew of…

Answer 20

Marius

Question 21

Who was an enemy of Rome situated in Northern Africa, of which was defeated by Marius and Sulla?

Answer 21

Jugurtha

Question 22

Who was originally assigned to defeat Jugurtha in Numidia?

Give the full name

Answer 22

Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio

Question 23

Who becomes consul in 107 BC, taking the command from Metellus in the war against Jugurtha?

Answer 23

Marius

Question 24

Who helped Marius by serving under him as a quaestor and helping to defeat Jugurtha?

Answer 24

Sulla

Question 25

Give the full name of Sulla

Answer 25

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix

Question 26

Who takes full credit for the capture of Jugurtha upon returning to Rome?

Answer 26

Marius

Question 27

Who reforms the military and is consul 7 times?

Answer 27

Marius

Question 28

Marius defeated these two Germanic tribes right after his first consulship runs out.

Answer 28

Cimbri and Teutones

Question 29

# Who was responsible for the following during his consulships: 1. Getting rid of the land requirement for soldiers 2. Reforming the training of soldiers by making them pack for themselves (Called ---'s Mules) 3. Improving weapons and organizations by making the pio throwing javelin bend when hitting the enemy, so that it couldn't be used against the Romans 4. Defeating the Cimbri and Teutones tribes

Answer 29

Marius

Question 30

Who was a 3-time tribune that joined forces with Marius and Glaucia to create a powerful alliance that "ruled Rome."

Answer 30

Saturninus

Question 31

When Saturninus and Glaucia kill this person, public outcry causes Marius to distance himself from the two, and eventually the death of Saturninus himself.

Answer 31

Gaius Memmius

Question 32

When is Saturninus' Revolt?

Answer 32

100 BC

Question 33

Saturninus is ordered to be killed by this ultimate decree of the Senate.

Answer 33

"Senatus consultum ultimum"

Question 34

Where does Saturninus hide when running from the mob trying to kill him?

Answer 34

The Curia in the Forum

Question 35

How does Saturninus get killed?

Answer 35

The mob throws roof-tiles into the Curia and kill him

Question 36

Who led the Optimates?

Answer 36

Sulla

Question 37

Who was quaestor under Marius during the Jugurthine War?

Answer 37

Sulla

Question 38

Who was a legate under Marius during the wars against the Cimbri and Teutones tribes?

Answer 38

Sulla

Question 39

During the Social War, who was a legate to Marius while fighting against Rome's Italian allies?

Answer 39

Sulla

Question 40

Who did the Senate like more: Sulla or Marius?

Answer 40

Sulla

Question 41

Who was consul in 89 BC?

Answer 41

Sulla

Question 42

What Battle occured in 88 BC?

Answer 42

Asiatic Vespers

Question 43

Who was the king of Pontus that was responsible for the slaughter at the Asiatic Vespers?

Answer 43

Mithridates IV

Question 44

When was the slaughter of Asiatic Vespers?

Answer 44

88 BC

Question 45

Marius and Sulla fight over command against what enemy of Rome?

Answer 45

Mithridates IV

Question 46

When Marius has the Senate overturn the decision for Sulla to have the command for Mithridates, what does Sulla do?

Answer 46

Turns his army and marches on Rome

Question 47

When does Sulla march on Rome for a second time? | By this year Marius himself was dead, but his followers still remained

Answer 47

83 BC

Question 48

Who started the proscriptions when ruling Rome?

Answer 48

Sulla

Question 49

Who became the richest man in Rome as a direct result of Sulla's proscriptions?

Answer 49

Crassus

Question 50

Give the full name of Crassus

Answer 50

Marcus Licinius Crassus

Question 51

When did Sulla step down from dictatorship, after marching on Rome a second time to get rid of the Marius factions?

Answer 51

81 BC

Question 52

Whose military fame was eclipsed by Pompey, especially as a result of Spartacus' revolt?

Answer 52

Pompey

Question 53

Give the full name of Pompey

Answer 53

Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus

Question 54

Who took full credit for getting rid of the revolt of Spartacus, although he kinda just swept in at the last minute to finish the job (Crassus did most of the work)?

Answer 54

Pompey

Question 55

Who gives Pompey the cognomen "Magnus?" - giving him the name "Pompey the Great"

Answer 55

Sulla

Question 56

What did the cognomen "Magnus" mean?

Answer 56

Great

Question 57

In imitation of what Greek hero was Pompey's cognomen?

Answer 57

Alexander the Great

Question 58

Who defeated supporters of Marius in Sicily, Africa, and Spain, earning him the full support of Sulla?

Answer 58

Pompey

Question 59

When was the Lex Gabinia passed?

Answer 59

67 BC

Question 60

What Law was passed in 67 BC?

Answer 60

Lex Gabinia

Question 61

What was the purpose of the Lex Gabinia?

Answer 61

To give Pompey a blank check to clear the Mediterranean of pirates

Question 62

How long does it take Pompey to clear the Mediterranean once Lex Gabinia was passed?

Answer 62

3 months

Question 63

What Law was passed in 66 BC?

Answer 63

Lex Manilia

Question 64

When was the Lex Manilia passed?

Answer 64

66 BC

Question 65

What was the purpose of the Lex Manilia?

Answer 65

To give Pompey full command of the army against Mithridates

Question 66

Who, ultimately, defeats Mithridates IV?

Answer 66

Pompey the Great

Question 67

Who was born in 100 BC to a patrician family?

Answer 67

Julius Caesar

Question 68

Give the full name of Julius Caesar

Answer 68

Gaius Julius Caesar

Question 69

Caesar was the nephew of who?

Answer 69

Marius

Question 70

Caesar moves up the cursus honorum largely through corruption and bribes. Who does he go to in order to get this money, allying the two?

Answer 70

Crassus

Question 71

Who becomes Pontifex Maximus in 63 BC?

Answer 71

Julius Caesar

Question 72

When does Julius Caesar become Pontifex Maximus?

Answer 72

63 BC

Question 73

When does Caesar become consul?

Answer 73

59 BC

Question 74

Who becomes consul in 59 BC?

Answer 74

Julius Caesar

Question 75

After becoming consul for the first time, where does Caesar get his 10 year proconsulship?

Answer 75

Gaul

Question 76

Why did Caesar never want to be a private citizen, instead always holding some form of office?

Answer 76

Because he couldn't be tried for corruption/bribery if he was in any office

Question 77

When does Caesar cross the Rubicon?

Answer 77

January 10th, 49 BC

Question 78

When Caesar gets to Rome, who orders him to disband his army?

Answer 78

Pompey

Question 79

When Caesar crossed the Rubicon, what did he famously say?

Answer 79

"Alea iacta est" - "The die has been cast"

Question 80

After Caesar returns to Rome in 49 BC by literally marching his army into Rome (remember, he crossed the Rubicon), a civil war between what two people started?

Answer 80

Julius Caesar and Pompey the Great

Question 81

Who wins the civil war of Caesar vs. Pompey?

Answer 81

Caesar

Question 82

After the civil war, Julius Caesar becomes dictator for life! However, he is assassinated shortly after. When?

Answer 82

March 15th, 44 BC / Ides of March, 44 BC

Question 83

What does Caesar say in Latin when being stabbed to death?

Answer 83

"Et tu, Brute?"

Question 84

What does Caesar say in Greek when being stabbed to death?

Answer 84

"Cae su, Teknon?"

Question 85

When does the Republic "end" according to Certamen?

Answer 85

27 BC, when Octavian is called "Augustus" by the Senate