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Certamen > Roessler Unit 1 Ch 2 > Flashcards

Roessler Unit 1 Ch 2 Flashcards

1
Q

This year marked the beginning of the Roman Republic.

A

509 BC

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2
Q

Name the first two consuls of the Roman Republic. FULL names

A

Lucius Junius Brutus and Tarquinius Collatinus

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3
Q

Who acted like a fool while under the service of Tarquinius Superbus, so that when the time was right he could lead a revolt and exile the corrupt king?

A

Lucius Junius Brutus

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4
Q

The sons of which man joined Tarquinius Superbus in a counter-revolution against Rome? When it failed their father tragically condemned them to death.

A

Lucius Junius Brutus

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5
Q

Lars Porsenna was the King of which city?

A

Clusium

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6
Q

Lars Porsenna was what ethnicity?

A

Etruscan

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7
Q

Who defended the Pons Sublicius against Lars Porsenna through a shower of spears, and dived into the Tiber River after to swim to safety?

A

Horatius Cocles

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8
Q

What does the cognomen “Cocles” mean?

A

“One-Eyed”

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9
Q

Who was a Roman assassin sent to kill Lars Porsenna, but accidentally killed his scribe instead and was caught?

A

Gaius Mucius Scaevola

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10
Q

When Gaius Mucius was caught, what did he do that was so impressive to Porsenna that he let him go and entered a treaty with Rome?

A

Thust his right arm into a fire and burned it off

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11
Q

After burning his own hand off what cognomen did Gaius Mucius earn?

A

Scaevola

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12
Q

What does the cognomen “Scaevola” mean?

A

“Lefty”

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13
Q

Who was a female Roman hostage of Porsenna who led an escape across the Tiber River?

A

Cloelia

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14
Q

What does Cloelia do upon escaping that not only keeps the peace between Rome and Clusium, but also impresses Porsenna a great degree?

A

Turns herself in to the Etruscans

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15
Q

Cloelia’s bravery was honored by her being allowed to leave Clusium with half of Porsenna’s hostages, of her choosing. What type of hostages does she choose?

A

Young Roman men, to help the Roman army

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16
Q

An equestrian statue of this female Roman was made to honor her bravery during Rome’s treaty with Clusium. However, it was destroyed in a fire during the Late Republic

A

Cloelia

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17
Q

What famous gods help the Romans defeat the Latin League in 496 BC?

A

Castor and Pollux / The Dioscuri

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18
Q

When was the Battle of Lake Regillus?

A

496 BC

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19
Q

To honor the Dioscuri’s contributions during the Battle of Lake Regillus, a Temple to them was built in what place after?

A

The Forum

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20
Q

The columns of the Temple of Castor and Pollux, as seen today, are what type?

A

Corinthian

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21
Q

Who rebuilt the Temple of Castor and Pollux?

A

Tiberius

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22
Q

Who convinced the plebeians to return to Rome in 494 BC?

A

Menenius Agrippa

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23
Q

When was the plebeians first secession from Rome?

A

494 BC

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24
Q

How did Menenius Agrippa convince the plebeians to return to Rome?

A

By using a parable of body and limbs, and allowing the offices of aediles and tribunes of plebeians to be created

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25
Q

What office held veto powers over the Senate’s decrees?

A

Tribunes of the plebeians

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26
Q

Who fought for Rome in the Battle of Lake Regillus and captured the town of Coriolii

A

Gnaeus Marcius Coriolanus

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27
Q

What cognomen did Gnaeus Marcius receive after capturing the town of Coriolii for Rome?

A

Coriolanus

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28
Q

Who used a food-shortage of grain in Rome to try to get the plebeians to give up their office of the tribunate, causing riots and the exile of this individual?

A

Coriolanus

29
Q

When Coriolanus was exiled, with what tribe did he live with and subsequently lead in an attack against Rome?

A

Volscii

30
Q

Who convinced Coriolanus to stop his attack on Rome?

A

Verturia (his mother) and Volumna (his wife)

31
Q

In what year did Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus save Rome?

A

458 BC

32
Q

Give the full name of Coriolanus

A

Gnaeus Marcius Coriolanus

33
Q

Give the full name of Cincinnatus

A

Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus

34
Q

What did the cognomen “Cincinnatus” mean?

A

“Curly”

35
Q

What tribe had consuls trapped at Mt. Algidus in 458 BC?

A

Aequii

36
Q

What dictator saved the Roman consuls trapped in Mt. Algidus in 458 BC?

A

Cincinnatus

37
Q

How long did Cincinnatus hold the office of dictator, before famously giving up his office and returning to his plow?

A

16 days

38
Q

Who associated himself with Cincinnatus during the American Revolution, calling himself the “Western Curly?”

A

George Washington

39
Q

What body of Rome was established in 451-449 BC to write explicitly the Laws of Rome?

A

Decemviri

40
Q

What was the decemviri supposed to work on? During this time period all other offices had been canceled for the decemviri to do their thing, giving them absolute power.

A

12 Tables

41
Q

During the first year of the decemviri’s power, how many Laws of the 12 Tables of Rome were completed?

A

10

42
Q

When were the 12 Tables of Rome finally completed by the decemviri? However, after this time the decemviri kept onto their absolute power despite being done (because they liked it).

A

450 BC

43
Q

Who caused the downfall of the decemviri by wanting Verginia as his concubine?

A

Appius Claudius

44
Q

Who kills Verginia to preserve her honor?

A

Her father, Verginius

45
Q

What tribune proposed a law allowing intermarriage between patricians and plebeians?

A

Gaius Canuleius

46
Q

What did the Lex Canuleia allow for?

A

Intermarriage between patricians and plebeians

47
Q

When was the Lex Canuleia passed?

A

445 BC

48
Q

When was the sack of Veii?

A

405-396 BC

49
Q

What Roman general was responsible for the Sack of Veii?

A

Camillus

50
Q

Give the full name of Camillus

A

Marcus Furius Camillus

51
Q

How did Camillus finally invade Veii and capture it after a 10-year long siege?

A

By digging into the sewer system of Veii and invading from underground, taking over the city

52
Q

What Senonian, Gallic chieftain sacked Rome in 390 BC?

A

Brennus

53
Q

What disastrous battle between Rome and the Senonian Gauls lead to the day of the defeat being famously called, “dies alliensis?”

A

Battle of the Allia River

54
Q

When was the Battle of the Allia River?

A

July 18, 390 BC

55
Q

Upon the defeat at Allia River and the subsequent sacking of Rome, where does the majority of Rome hide?

A

In the Temple of Juno at the Capitoline Hill

56
Q

Who gets alerted to the Senonian Gauls climbing up the Capitoline Hill and secretly attacking, waking up the Romans and getting them to fight?

A

Marcus Manlius

57
Q

What cognomen was M. Manlius receive after alerting the Romans about Brennus’ attack?

A

Capitolinus

58
Q

Who alerted Marcus Manlius Capitolinus that the Senonian Gauls were climbing up the Capitoline Hill?

A

Juno’s Sacred Geese

59
Q

As a direct result of her geese warning Rome about the Senonian Gauls, a temple to what deity is built in 390 BC?

A

Temple of Juno Moneta (“The Warning One”)

60
Q

Why was Camillus exiled from Rome after his victory at Veii?

A

By being accused of embezzlement of the riches he got from Veii

61
Q

Where was Camillus exiled after his success at Veii?

A

Ardea

62
Q

Who does Rome bring back as they are trying to unsuccessfully make peace with Brennus?

A

Camillus

63
Q

What famous phrase does Brennus say to the Romans as they protest about the ransom they have to pay?

A

“Vae Vicits!” - “Woe to the conquered!”

64
Q

What famous phrase does Camillus say in reply to Brennus’ exclamation?

A

“Non auro, sed fero!” - we will pay…“Not with gold, but with iron!”

65
Q

What Roman general drives off Brennus and rebuilds Rome?

A

Camillus

66
Q

After Brennus is driven away, where does Rome want to move?

A

Veii

67
Q

Who convinces Rome to stay where they are and rebuild, instead of moving?

A

Camillus

68
Q

Because Camillus helped rebuild Rome after Brennus sacked it, what two nicknames was he given?

A

“Second Founder of Rome” and “Pater Patriae”

69
Q

In what year did the Gauls sack Rome?

A

390 BC

Certamen (12 decks)

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