Rocks presentation Flashcards
How do igneous rocks form?
Form when magma cools and crystallises
What affects the texture of igneous rocks?
Cooling conditions
What type of crystals do extrusive igneous rocks contain?
Smaller or invisible crystals
How are extrusive igneous rocks form?
Cools quickly near the surface
Less time for crystals to grow
Example of extrusive igneous rocks
Rhyolite
What type of crystals do intrusive igneous rocks have?
Larger crystals
How are intrusive igneous rocks formed?
Cools down slowly deep underground
More time for crystals to grow
Example of intrusive igneous rocks
Granite
What do mafic rocks have?
More fe and mg
Less si and al
Extrusive and mafic
Basalt
Intrusive and mafic
Gabbro
Extrusive and felsic
Rhyolite
Intrusive and felsic
Granite
Extrusive and intermediate
Andesite
Intrusive and intermediate
Diorite
What do Felsic rocks have?
More si, al
Less fe and mg
Mafic colour
Dark
Felsic
Lighter
What are the two types of sedimentary rocks?
Non clastic
Clastic
Non clastic
Form by precipitation
What are clastic?
Broken pieces of older rocks
How are clastic formed?
Form by the accumulation/compaction/lithification of the sediment
Example of non clastic
Limestone
Example of clastic
Conglomerate
Sandstone
Mudstone
Thinnest grain size for sedimentary
Mudstone
Largest grain size for sedimentary
Conglomerate
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Exposure to pressure
Exposure to high heat
Non foliated
Pressure is exerted from all direction
Foliated
Pressure is exerted from one direction
Parent rock of amphibolite
Basalt
Parent rock of serpentinite
Ultramorphic rock
Parent rock of quartzite
Sandstone
Parent rock of marble
Limestone
