Documentary Flashcards
Taiwan has the highest mountain range of what region?
East Asia
What is the lifecycle of mountains?
Birth
Growth
Aging
Decline
How long does a lifecycle last?
100s of millions of years
What forms mountains?
Plate movements
What is the tallest mountain of Taiwan?
Yushan
How tall is Yushan?
3953m
What splits the two mountain ranges of Taiwan?
Huadong longitudinal valley
What mountain range is west of the valley?
Central range
What mountain range is east of the valley?
Coastal range
Which mountain range is smaller?
Coastal range
How are both mountain ranges aligned?
Parallel
What is the interaction between the Philippine sea plate and the Eurasian plate?
Philippine sea plate is sub-ducted under Eurasian plate
Where can we see the Philippine sea plate being sub-ducted under the Eurasian plate?
Ryuku Trench
Where was Tualuanshan once part of?
Was once part of the Logan island arc
How was Tualuanshan formed?
Formed of blocks of andesite of various blocks and sizes
Why is Hsiukuluanshi river special?
The only stream that transversely cuts across the coastal range
What does the mud formation show?
Angular ridges and a ragged and exposed surface
What are the layers of the oceanic crust?
Mudstone
Extrusive rock
Kypabyssal rock
Plutonic rock
Peridotite
How was the Lichi melange formed?
Due to island arc content collision due to plate convergence
What is the main rock type in an island arc?
Andesite and it does not contain quartz
What is the primary rock of continents?
Granites and contains a lot of quartz
How to know when the sandstone stratum containing quartz was deposited?
Through microfossils called foraminiferas
When did the collision between the Eurasian plate and the Philippine sea plate happen?
Around 6 million years ago
When did mountain appear in Taiwan?
3 million years ago
How high is the highest terrace and where?
200 m
Central range
By how much is the crust under the Taiwan mountain ranges being uplifted?
0.5 cm per year
What happens to the mountain due to the uplift?
Mountains get higher and steeper
Enhances effect of erosion
What was slate found on the surface originally?
Slate and mud 10km under ground
How is slate found on the surface?
The 10km of ground surface was eroded within 2 million years
0.5cm per years
What is the uplift of the mountains equal to?
Erosion of the mountain
What is the rock formation in the central valley the closer that it is to the Huadong longitudinal valley?
The closer the central range is to the Huadong longitudinal valley, the deeper the rock formation is buried.
The greater the extent of metamorphism also
What is west of the schist belt?
The slate belt which is the roof of Taiwan
When was the Chichi earthquake?
1999
Where was the Chichi earthquake?
Chelungpu fault
How strong was the Chichi earthquake?
7.1 on the Richter scale
How much was land uplifted during the Chichi earthquake?
2-10m uplifted
Moved westward by 8m
How much does Taiwan’s rivers and streams transport of sediment load? Also compared to the worldwide average?
2% of the total sediment loads
100 times the average
When were the plains of Taiwan submerged under seawater?
Around 6000 years ago
How were the plains of Taiwan uplifted and how much?
Washed down material from the mountains 1m per 100 years
How much rainfall per year does Taiwan have?
2500mm per years
How much rainfall per year does central range have?
4000mm
