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Year 8 Science > Rocks And Minerals > Flashcards

Rocks And Minerals Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Mineral

A

Minerals are different types of rocks that are found in the earth.

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2
Q

Lithosphere

A

The outer part of the earth called the crust.

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3
Q

Magma

A

Very hot fluid that is inside the volcano.

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4
Q

Sediments

A

Something that floats to the bottom of a liquid.

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5
Q

Native

A

Someone or something that lives in the area.

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6
Q

Element

A

Element means that it is a part of something.

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7
Q

Crystals

A

A piece of precious rock sometimes found in caves.

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8
Q

Lustre

A

A gentle sheen or soft glow.

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9
Q

Streak

A

A long thin line.

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10
Q

Hardness

A

How hard something is.

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11
Q

Lava

A

Magma on the earths surface.

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12
Q

Igneous Rocks

A

Rocks formed from lava cools above the earths surface.

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13
Q

Viscosity

A

How fast a liquid moves.

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14
Q

Extrusive Rocks

A

Igneous rocks forms when lava cools above the earths surface.

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15
Q

Molten

A

Lava when it is inside the volcano.

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16
Q

Pumice

A

Is a type of rock that is very light.

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17
Q

Scoria

A

A dark, igneous rock formed from gassy lava.

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18
Q

Abrasive

A

A property of an object or material that easily scratches another.

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19
Q

Basalt

A

A dark, heavy igneous rock that is commonly seen

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20
Q

Obsidian

A

A dark shiny rock that is formed when lava cools down quickly.

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21
Q

Intrusive rocks

A

Igneous rocks that forms when magma cools below the earths surface.

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22
Q

Batholiths

A

Intrusive rock mass that measures more than 100 kilometres across.

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23
Q

Granite

A

A hard igneous rock and with different coloured crystals.

24
Q

Sedimentary Rocks

A

Rocks made partly from water,wind or ice. The sediments get put together in layers, under the pressure.

25
Q

Erosion

A

The process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.

26
Q

Foodplaines

A

Flat open land beside a river where sediments are deposited during floods.

27
Q

Glaciers

A

Large bodies of ice that fall down mountains.

28
Q

Moraines

A

Deposit left by the movement of a glacier.

29
Q

Mudstone

A

A fine-grained, sedimentary rock without layers.

30
Q

Sandstone

A

A sedimentary rock with medium sized grains.

31
Q

Shale

A

A fine grained sedimentary rock formed in layers by the consolidation of clay.

32
Q

Siltstone

A

A sedimentary rock with with a particle size between that of sandstone and mudstone.

33
Q

Conglomerate

A

Sedimentary rock containing large particles of various sizes cemented together.

34
Q

Limestone

A

A sedimentary rock formed from the remains of sea organisms.

35
Q

Coal

A

A sedimentary rock formed from dead plants and animals that were buried before rotting completely.

36
Q

Rock salt

A

A sedimentary deposit formed when a salt lake or seabed dried up.Its main chemical is sodium chloride.

37
Q

Mineral Ore

A

Rocks mined to obtain a metal or other chemical with in them.

38
Q

Mining

A

Extraction of natural resources from the earth.

39
Q

Environmental impact statement.

A

Study of the possible effects of a planned project on the environment.

40
Q

Rehabilitated

A

Restored to its previous condition.

41
Q

Overburden

A

Waste rock removed from below topsoil.

42
Q

Open-cut mining

A

Mining that scours out of soil and rocks on the surface of the land.

43
Q

Underground Mining

A

Mining that uses shafts and tunnels to remove rock below the surface.

44
Q

Stone Age

A

The time about 2 million years ago where humans used stone to make most of their tools.

45
Q

Alloy

A

A mixture of metals with a non-metal or another metal.

46
Q

Flint

A

A fine-grained sedimentary rock which leaves a very sharp edge when broken.

47
Q

Percussion Flaking

A

A process in which a tool stones such as Flint or obsidian were struck with harder stones.

48
Q

Fossil

A

Any remains,impression, or trace of an animal or plant of a former geological age.

49
Q

Palaeontologists

A

A scientist who studies fossils.

50
Q

Folding

A

The bucking of rocks.

51
Q

Relative Age

A

The age of a rock compared with age of another rock.

52
Q

Carnivores

A

Animals that eat other animals.

53
Q

Scavengers

A

Animals that eat dead plant and animal material.

54
Q

Mould

A

Captivity in a rock that shows the shape of hard parts of an organism.

55
Q

Trace fossils

A

Fossils that provide evidence.

56
Q

Extinct

A

Explains a volcano that is no longer active.

Year 8 Science (7 decks)

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