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Year 8 Science > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cells

A

The smallest units of life.

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2
Q

Light microscopes

A

Instrument for viewing very small objects. A light microscope can magnify things up to 1500 times.

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3
Q

Electron microscope

A

Instrument for viewing very small objects. An electron microscope can magnify things up to a million times.

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4
Q

Monocular

A

Describes a microscope through which specimen is seen using one eye only.

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5
Q

Binocular

A

A microscope with two eye pieces so you use both eyes to look at the object.

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6
Q

Stereo

A

Describes a microscope through which the specimen is viewed using both eyes.

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7
Q

Magnification

A

The number of times the image has been enlarged.

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8
Q

Microscope

A

An instrument for viewing small objects.

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9
Q

Unicellular

A

An organism having only one cell.

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10
Q

Multicellular

A

Having many cells.

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11
Q

Micrometer

A

A length on one millionth of a metre.

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12
Q

Nanometre

A

A unit of measurement equal to a billionth of a metre.

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13
Q

Nanotechnology

A

A rapidly developing field that includes and studying cells.

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14
Q

Prokaryotes

A

Organism classified as belonging to the prokaryote kingdom.

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15
Q

Eukaryotes

A

Member of the of organisms that has a membrane around the nucleus in each of their cells.

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16
Q

Cell Membrane

A

Structure that encloses the contents of a cell and allows the movement of some materials in and out.

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17
Q

Cytosol

A

The fluid found inside cells.

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18
Q

Ribosomes

A

Small structures within a cell in which proteins such as enzymes are made.

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19
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The jelly like material inside a cell.

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20
Q

Metabolism

A

The chemical reactions occurring with a organism that enables the organism to use energy and grow and repair cells.

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21
Q

Binary Fission

A

Reproduction by the division of a organism.

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22
Q

Animalia

A

The kingdom of organisms that have cells as a membrane around the nucleus but no cell wall, large vacuole or chloroplasts.

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23
Q

Plantae

A

The kingdom of organisms that have cells with a membrane with a nucleus.

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24
Q

Fungi

A

The kingdom of organisms such as mushrooms and moulds.

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25
Q

Proctista

A

The kingdom of organisms including algae and protozoans.

26
Q

Prokaryote

A

The kingdom of organisms that consist of single cells.

27
Q

Mitochondria

A

Small rod shaped organelles that supply energy to other parts of the cell.

28
Q

Cellular respiration

A

The chemical reaction involving oxygen.

29
Q

Mitochondria

A

Small rod shaped organelles that supply energy to other parts of the cell.

30
Q

Cellular respiration

A

The chemical reaction involving oxygen.

31
Q

Photosynthesis

A

The food making process in plants.

32
Q

Chlorophyll

A

The green coloured chemical in plants.

33
Q

Nucleus

A

Central part of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons.

34
Q

Chromosomes

A

Tiny thread like structure inside the nucleus of a cell.

35
Q

Dependent Variable

A

A variable that is expected to change when the independent variable is changed.

36
Q

Mitosis

A

Cell division process that results in new cells with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell.

37
Q

Clone

A

Identical copy.

38
Q

Cytokinesis

A

The process where the cytoplasm of a cell divides to form two daughter cells.

39
Q

Nucleus

A

Central part of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons.

40
Q

Chromosomes

A

Tiny thread like structure inside the nucleus of a cell.

41
Q

Dependent Variable

A

A variable that is expected to change when the independent variable is changed.

42
Q

Mitosis

A

Cell division process that results in new cells with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell.

43
Q

Clone

A

Identical copy.

44
Q

Cytokinesis

A

The process where the cytoplasm of a cell divides to form two daughter cells.

45
Q

Infectious disease

A

Disease that can be transferred from one organism to another.

46
Q

Non infectious disease

A

Disease that cannot be tranferred from one organism to another.

47
Q

Antibiotic

A

Substance derived from a micro organism and used to kill bacteria in the body.

48
Q

Disenfectant

A

Chemical used to kill bacteria on surfaces and non living objects.

49
Q

Antisceptics

A

Mild disinfectant used on body tissue to kill microbes.

50
Q

Bactericidal

A

Describes an antiseptic that kills bacteria.

51
Q

Bacteriostatic

A

Describes an antiseptic that stops bacteria from growing or dividing but doesn’t kill them.

52
Q

Epidermis

A

The outermost layer of the skin.

53
Q

Dermis

A

The medical name for the deeper part of the skin.

54
Q

Receptors

A

Special cells that detect energy and convert it to electrical energy that is sent to the brain.

55
Q

Sweat Glands

A

Tiny, coiled tube in skin thought which water and salt are removed from the body.

56
Q

Pores

A

Small openings in the skin.

57
Q

Evaporate

A

Change state from liquid to a gas.

58
Q

Phloem

A

Type of tissue that transports sugars made in leaves to other parts of a plant.

59
Q

Translocation

A

Transport of materials.

60
Q

Xylem Vessels

A

Pipelines for the flow of water up plants.

61
Q

Lingin

A

A hard substance in the walls of dead xylem cells.

Year 8 Science (7 decks)

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