Rocks Flashcards
To increase comprehension of subject by strengthening vocabulary
sediment or rock added to a landform
deposit
fragment that makes up a rock
grain
molten rock that erupts on Earth’s surface
lava
molten or liquid rock underground
magma
naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and an orderly arrangement of atoms
mineral
natural, solid mixture of minerals or particles
rock
series of processes that change one type of rock into another type of rock
rock cycle
rock material that is broken down into smaller pieces or dissolved in water as rocks erode
sediment
grain size and the way grains fit together in a rock
texture
igneous rock that cools and crystallizes on Earth’s surface
extrusive rock
igneous rock that forms as magma cools underground
intrusive rock
rock that forms when lava cools too quickly to form crystals
volcanic glass
crystallization of minerals from water into the spaces between sediment grains
cementation
process that squeezes out fluids and decreases the space
between the grains in a sediment deposit
compaction
occurs when magma comes in contact with existing rock and its thermal energy and gases interact with the
surrounding rock to make new metamorphic rock
contact metamorphism
to appear visible
expose
process that affects structure or composition of rocks
in the solid state; occurs due to changes in heat, pressure, or the addition of chemical fluids
metamorphism
contains parallel layers of flat and elongated
minerals
foliated rock
has mineral grains with a random interlocking texture
non-foliated rock
permanent change in rock shape caused by bending and folding
plastic deformation
fragments compacted to make layers in this type of rock
sedimentary rock
rock made by extreme temperature and pressure
metamorphic rock
made up of molten rock
igneous rock
weathering of rocks; breaking down into smaller parts
erosion
