Cells Vocab

Question 1

one or more sugar molecules

Answer 1

carbohydrates

Question 2

living things are made of one or more cells; the cell is the
smallest unit of life; new cells come from preexisting cells

Answer 2

cell theory

Question 3

large macromolecule that does not dissolve in water; fat

Answer 3

lipid

Question 4

substance that forms by joining many small molecules

Answer 4

macromolecule

Question 5

macromolecule that forms when a long chain of nucleotides join together

Answer 5

nucleic acid

Question 6

long chain of amino acid molecules

Answer 6

protein

Question 7

protects the inside of a cell from the environment

Answer 7

cell membrane

Question 8

stiff structure outside the cell membrane

Answer 8

cell wall

Question 9

membrane-bound organelle that uses light energy and

makes food

Answer 9

chloroplast

Question 10

fluid inside a cell that contains salts and other molecules

Answer 10

cytoplasm

Question 11

purpose for which something is used; “job”

Answer 11

function

Question 12

directs all cell activities and contains DNA

Answer 12

nucleus

Question 13

membrane-bound cell structure with a specialized function

Answer 13

organelle

Question 14

movement of substances through a cell membrane

using the cell’s energy

Answer 14

active transport

Question 15

movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Answer 15

diffusion

Question 16

process during which a cell takes in a substance by

surrounding it with the cell membrane

Answer 16

endocytosis

Question 17

process during which a cell’s vesicles release their contents
outside the cell

Answer 17

exocytosis

Question 18

when molecules pass through a cell membrane using

transport proteins

Answer 18

facilitated diffusion

Question 19

diffusion of water molecules only through a membrane

Answer 19

osmosis

Question 20

movement of substances through a cell membrane

without using energy

Answer 20

passive transport

Question 21

series of chemical reactions that convert energy in

food molecules into ATP

Answer 21

cellular respiration

Question 22

series of reactions that convert light energy, water, and

CO2 into glucose and give off oxygen

Answer 22

photosynthesis

Question 23

cell with membrane bound structures

Answer 23

eukaryotic

Question 24

division of a cell’s nucleus and contents

Answer 24

mitosis

Question 25

process by which cells become different types of cells

Answer 25

cell differentiation

Question 26

group of different tissues working together to perform a

particular job

Answer 26

organ

Question 27

group of organs working together to complete a

series of tasks

Answer 27

organ system

Question 28

group of similar types of cells that work together to carry out specific tasks

Answer 28

tissue

Question 29

unspecialized cell that develops into many different cell types

Answer 29

stem cell

Question 30

makes proteins; can be on endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 30

ribosome