Rocks

Question 1

What is an igneous rock?

Answer 1

An igneous rock is a rock that is formed from the cooling of magma or lava. They contain crystals.

Question 2

What is an extrusive igneous rock?

Answer 2

An extrusive igneous rock also known as a volcanic rock is a rock formed on the surface when a volcano erupts. They cool quickly and have smaller crystals because of it.

Question 3

What are three examples of extrusive igneous rocks?

Answer 3

Pumice, Obsidian, Andesite, Rhyolite, Basalt

Question 4

What is an intrusive igneous rock?

Answer 4

An intrusive igneous rock also known as a Plutonic rock is a rock formed under the surface from the leftover magma in a volcano. They cool slowly and have larger crystals because of it.

Question 5

What are three examples of an intrusive igneous rock?

Answer 5

Granite, Gabbro, Diorite, Pegmatite, Peridotite.

Question 6

What is a sedimentary rock?

Answer 6

A sedimentary rock is formed when sediments are compacted and compressed over long periods of time.

Question 7

What are three examples of sedimentary rocks?

Answer 7

Shale, Limestone, Sandstone, Chalk, Clay

Question 8

What are the three types of sedimentary rocks?

Answer 8

Clastic, Organic, and Chemical

Question 9

How are clastic sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 9

They are formed from rock fragments that are weathered and eroded by glaciers, wind, rivers, and waves.

Question 10

How are organic sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 10

They are formed from the remains of plants and animals.

Question 11

How are chemical sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 11

They are formed from the chemicals dissolved in water.

Question 12

What are metamorphic rocks?

Answer 12

They are rocks formed from igneous or sedimentary rocks that have underwent heat and pressure.

Question 13

What are three examples of metamorphic rocks?

Answer 13

Gneiss, Slate, Marble, Schist, Quartzite

Question 14

What are the two types of metamorphic rocks?

Answer 14

Contact and regional metamorphic rocks.

Question 15

What are contact metamorphic rocks?

Answer 15

They are rocks that are formed when a hot substance heats up pre-existing rocks in the area, changing them into metamorphic rocks.

Question 16

What are regional metamorphic rocks?

Answer 16

They are rocks formed when two tectonic plates push against each other putting immense force on the rocks, changing them into metamorphic rocks.

Question 17

what are sediments?

Answer 17

Sediments are fragments of rocks that have been broken down.

Question 18

Describe the rock cycle.

Answer 18

First, a volcano erupts and the magma and lava that have cooled down form igneous rocks. Igneous rocks can either undergo intense heat and pressure to form metamorphic rocks or they can get weathered to form sediments which then are compacted and compressed into sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary rocks can either melt to form magma and then cool into an igneous rock or become a metamorphic rock. A metamorphic rock can turn into sediments by weathering or melt and continue the rock cycle again.