•Rock Cycle Flashcards
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
Formed by the accumulation of weathered and eroded rock debris
Accumulation of dead plant and animal remains
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Formed by heat and pressure
Generated from tectonic force
Change pre-existing rocks into new ones
How are igneous rocks formed?
Crystallisation of molten magma
Magma cools, minerals crystallise and fuse
What are rock examples?
Igneous: Basalt, Dolerite, Gabbro
Sedimentary: Arkose, Desert Sandstone, Shale
Metamorphic: Schist, Gneiss, Slate
What is weathering?
Disintegration or decomposition of in situ rock
What is erosion?
Destruction of rocks by the force of moving agents such as rivers, winds and glaciers
What is transportation?
Movement of rock debris by rivers, glaciers and wind
What is deposition?
The settlement of rock debris on the bottom of the sea, lakes and rivers
What is melting?
Transformation of solid rock into a liquid melt called magma
What is uplift?
Forces that push rocks up
Forces usually create rock deformation
What is heat radiation?
Process where thermal energy is transferred in the form of electromagnetic waves e.g the movement of heat generated by the decay of unstable radiation elements in rock
What is conduction?
Movement of heat from warm objects to colder objects by sensible heat transfer e.g movement of heat from a magma chamber into surrounding rock
What is convection?
Movement of heat within a circulating deformable material liquid or gas e.g movement of heat and magma in the asthenosphere
Probably causes plate tectonics
What is internal energy?
What are the three types?
Powers processes that occur below the ground= heat energy
1) radioactive decay- unstable elements with too many neutrons
2) pressure
3) residual heat- heat left over from the early molten phase trapped in the core
What is external energy?
What are the two types?
Powers erosion, weathering, transportation & deposition
1) Gravity=. 9.81ms-2 = generated by the mass of the Earth
2) Solar = from the sun
