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Geology > Metamorphic Rocks 2 > Flashcards

Metamorphic Rocks 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Describe marble

A 
Medium grained 
Crystalline 
Granoblastic 
White 
Caco3
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2
Q

What is formed in the aureole of shale?

A

Inner- hornfels

Outer- spotted shale

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3
Q

What is formed in the aureole of limestone?

A

Inner- marble

Outer- sugar marble

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4
Q

describe hornfels

A 
Medium grained 
Porphyroblasts 
Dark cordierite
White andelucite
Crystalline
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5
Q

Describe slate

A 
Slaty cleavage 
Low grade 
Foliated chlorite 
Quartz 
Fine grained 
Dark grey 
Crystalline
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6
Q

Define metamorphism

A

Change in mineral content and texture

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7
Q

Why does metamorphism occur?

A

Due to a change in temperature and pressure

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8
Q

What temperature does metamorphism start?

A

150 degrees

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9
Q

What are the three types of metamorphism?

A

Contact metamorphism- low pressure & high temperature

Regional metamorphism- high temperature & high pressure

Dynamic metamorphism- low temperature & high pressure

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10
Q

What are the sources of heat for metamorphism?

A

Internal heat from the mantle

Heat from a magma intrusion

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11
Q

What are the sources of pressure for metamorphism?

A

Lithostatic pressure from overlying rocks

Lateral pressure from horizontal movement of plates

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12
Q

What 4 factors determine the nature of metamorphic change?

A

Temperature and pressure

Original composition of the rock

Presence of pore fluid

Time

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13
Q

Process and facies of shale?

A

Diagenesis

No facies

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14
Q

Process and facies of slate?

A

Low grade metamorphism at an accretionary prism

Zeolite

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15
Q

Process and facies of Phyllite?

A

Medium grade metamorphism in the upper section of the lower cc

Greenschist

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16
Q

Process and facies of schist?

A

Medium grade metamorphism in the upper section of the lower cc

Greenschist

17
Q

Process and facies of gneiss?

A

High grade metamorphism in the lower section of the lower cc

Granulite/ amphibole

18
Q

Process and facies of migmatite?

A

High grade metamorphism in the lower section of the lower cc

Granulite

19
Q

Process and facies of granite?

A

Partial melting

No facies

20
Q

Index minerals in order of increasing heat?

A 
Chlorite 
Biotite 
Muscovite 
Garnet 
Kyanite 
Siliminite 
Alkali Feldspar
21
Q

What is prograde metamorphism?

A

Changes that occur as a result of increasing heat and pressure

22
Q

What is retrograde metamorphism?

A

Changes that occurs as a result of decreasing heat and pressure

23
Q

What is the process of basalt to blueschist?

A

Plagioclase+ pyroxene+ OH = amphibole

Olivine+ OH = chlorite

24
Q

What is the process of blueschist to granulite?

A

Amphibole-OH = pyroxene + plagioclase

Chlorite- OH = garnet

25
Q

What is the process of granulite to amphibolite?

A

Pyroxene= amphibole

Plagioclase= plagioclase

Garnet= garnet + quartz

26
Q

Order of mineral inclusions rocks

A

Basalt
Blueschist
Granulite
Amphibole

27
Q

What type of metamorphism forms kyanite?

A

Regional

28
Q

What type of metamorphism forms sillimanite?

A

Regional

29
Q

What type of metamorphism forms andelucite?

A

Contact

30
Q

What type of metamorphism forms the index minerals?

A

Regional

31
Q

What rock forms the index minerals?

A

Shale

32
Q

Describe slate

A

Contains chlorite, quartz, clay

Partially crystalline
Fine grained
Salty cleavage

33
Q

Describe spotted slate

A

Contains chiastolite andelucite, chlorite, quartz

Partially crystalline
Porphyroblasts
Slaty cleavage

34
Q

Describe hornfels

A

Contains cordierite, andelucite and quartz

Crystalline
Medium grained
Porphyroblasts

35
Q

What is granoblastic?

A

Formed by metamorphic crystallisation under low pressure conditions

36
Q

What is porphyroblastic?

A

Porphyroblast is formed by the metamorphic recrystallisation of biotite into garnet

37
Q

What is mylonite?

A

Formed by the shearing of hot plastic or non competent rock

Geology (14 decks)

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