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CIDEB 2 semestre > Robotics Partial > Flashcards

Robotics Partial Flashcards

1
Q

Set of knowledge and techniques that allow humans to modify their material or virtual environment to meet their needs

A

Technology

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2
Q

Studies the design, construction programming and application of machines capable of perking diverse tasks

A

Robotics

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3
Q

Machine controlled by a computer and programmed to move

A

Robot

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4
Q

Characteristics of a robot

A 
Reprogrammable 
Manipulator 
Multifunctional 
Repetitive 
Exact
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5
Q

Allows changing a process or operation to achieve a new sequence

A

Reprogrammable

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6
Q

Allows one or several objects to move in space and to orient it in the position

A

Manipulator

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7
Q

They develop different tasks

A

Multifunctional

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8
Q

The ability of robots to carry out actions as many times as they are programmed

A

Repetitive

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9
Q

Perform actions with the same precision

A

Exact

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10
Q

Characteristics a machine need to have to be considered a robot

A 
Hardware
Software 
Movement 
Sensors 
Power source
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11
Q

Physic structure it is designed with an emphasis based on the environment

A

Hardware

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12
Q

Instructions in the control system to develop specific tasks

A

Software

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13
Q

Detect the changes in the environment and send the information

A

Sensors

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14
Q

To turn it into work when making movements

A

Power sources

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15
Q

Robots that do not have a physical structure

A

Only have software, are called bots

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16
Q

The term robot was coined by

A

Karel Čapek in 1923, in his play Rossum’s universal robots

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17
Q

The word robotics is coined by

A

Isaac Asimov

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18
Q

A robot can not harm a human being or by inaction allow a human being to suffer harm

A

1st law of robotics

19
Q

A robot must obey the human beings orders, except if such orders conflict with the first law

A

2nd law of robotics

20
Q

A robot must protect its own existence, insofar as this does not conflict with the first or second laws

A

3rd law of robotics

21
Q

Simple machines

A 
Mechanic devices that change the direction or magnitude of a force. 
Lever 
Screw 
Inclined plane 
Pulley 
Lathe 
Cradle
22
Q

Second industrial revolution

A

New sources of energy like gas, oil and electricity, advances in transportation and communication

23
Q

Third industrial revolution

A

Revolution of intelligence, renewable energies and internet

24
Q

Fourth industrial revolution

A

Also called revolution 4.0, robots integrated, drones 3D printers

25
Q

Classification of robots according to their chronology

A 
First generation 1G (manipulators) 50's
Second generation 2G (learning) 80's
Third generation 3G (with sensorized control) 80-90
Fourth generation 4G (intelligent) 
Fifth generation 5G
26
Q

First generation manipulators

A

Multifunctional mechanical system
Simple control system
No sensor feedback

27
Q

Second generation 2G learning

A

Acquire information from their environment

Robot memorized and repeats movements

28
Q

Third generation 3G

A

Execute orders from a programming language

Artificial vision

29
Q

Fourth generation 4G intelligent

A

Sophisticated sensors
Intelligent decision making
Process control in real time

30
Q

Fifth generation (5G)

A

Depends on the new generation of young people interested in robotics

31
Q

Classification of robots according to their architecture

A 
Polyarticulated 
Mobiles 
Androids
Ciborg 
Zoomorphic 
Hybrids
32
Q

Polyarticulated

A

Rotating articulation called degrees of freedom
Pneumatic systems
Limited movements

33
Q

Mobiles

A

Displacement capacity through remote control
Evade obstacles
High level of intelligence

34
Q

Androids

A

Try to reproduce a human form and behavior autonomously
Focuses on bipedal locomotion
Challenge of maintaining the balance

35
Q

Ciborg

A

Union between cybernetics and living organisms

Man machine, with the intention of improving their capabilities

36
Q

Zoomorphic

A

Imitate various living things

Use for research and experimentation

37
Q

Hybrids

A

(Hybrot) Cybernetic organism controlled by computer

Semi-living being, contains rodent neurons, manifest neuronal activity

38
Q

Current uses of robotics

A

Industrial robots
Service robots
Research robots medical robots
Exploration robots

39
Q

Industrial robots

A

Capable of moving materials
Assembly robot
Cartesian robot
Cylindrical robot

40
Q

Service robots

A

Services for welfare of humanity, used to replace men

41
Q

Research robots

A

Provide fast and accurate results, applications are: cell culture, testing posible cures

42
Q

Medical robots

A

Robotics arms that assist a surgeon in surgical interventions
Nurse robot
Surgery robot

43
Q

Exploration robots

A

Robots dedicated to inspection, exploration and rescue in environments that man can’t reach
Space and underwater robots.

CIDEB 2 semestre (5 decks)

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