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CIDEB 2 semestre > physics partial > Flashcards

physics partial Flashcards

1
Q

physics has been classified in two broad branches

A

Classical physics

Modern physics

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2
Q

classical physics

A

developed in ancient times with aristotle

mid 19 century with Isaac newton and Michael Faraday

Acquired knowledege was developed taking as one of the main sources of information some of the senses (sight, hearing, touch)

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3
Q

subdivisions of classical physics

A

optics
acoustics
thermodynamics
mechanics

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4
Q

what studies the subdivisions of classical physics

A

phenomena of nature related to the senses

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5
Q

when did the modern physics began

A

at the end of 19 century

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6
Q

branches of modern physics

A

quantum physics, relativity, atomic physics

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7
Q

Study the movement of bodies in general

A

mechanic physics (classical)

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8
Q

Study the sound and its characteristics

A

acoustic (classical)

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9
Q

Study of light and its propagation

A

optics (classical)

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10
Q

Study of heat and its transformations to others forms of energy

A

thermodynamics (classical)

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11
Q

Study of electric charges, the magnetics fields and their interactions

A

electromagnetism (classical)

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12
Q

Study of the movement of bodies at comparable speeds with that of light

A

relativistic physics (modern)

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13
Q

Study of particle movement in its wave behavior or of the movement of the waves in its behavior as particles

A

quantum physics (modern)

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14
Q

Study of the atom, its composition and properties

A

atomic physics (modern)

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15
Q

Study of the atomic nucleus, its components and forces involved

A

nuclear physics (modern)

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16
Q

Study of the classification of all particles that make up matter to conform a standard model

A

physics of particles (modern)

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17
Q

Study of plasma as a state of the matter of great energy

A

plasma physics (modern)

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18
Q

difference between classical and modern physics

A

classical physics has a field of observation limited to sensory perceptions of man while in modern physics it is broader

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19
Q

method of study in physics

A

the experimental scientific method

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20
Q

aristotelian model

A

the idea of order, finding the order of things (16 century)

theory of the four elements

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21
Q

classic (mechanistic or Newtonian) model

A

science focused on the search for the mechanical cause of observable phenomena (17,18,19 century)

22
Q

modern model

A

primodiral concept the probability that matter has certain behavior at a microscopic level (20 century)

23
Q

great contrubtion of galileo

A

use the measurements for the analysis of the phenomena, introduced the mathematical language

24
Q

how galileo measured time

A

with a system of dripping water

25
Q

physical magnitudes are classified as

A

fundamental and derived

26
Q

fundamental physical magnitude

A

do not depend on any other physical magnitude and are measured directly

27
Q

fundamental physical quantities

A 
length 
mass
time 
temperature 
amount of substance 
luminous intensity 
current intensity
28
Q

derived physical magnitudes

A

formed by the combination of two or more fundamnetall physical quantities

29
Q

derived physical quantities

A 
area 
volume 
speed
acceleration 
force 
work 
power
30
Q

unit of measurement of length

A

metre (M)

31
Q

unit of measurement of mass

A

kilogram (kg)

32
Q

unit of measurement of time

A

second (S)

33
Q

unit of measurement of temperature

A

kelvin (K)

34
Q

unit of measurement of amount of substance

A

Mole (Mol)

35
Q

unit of measurement of luminous intensity

A

candle (Cd)

36
Q

unit of measurement of current intensity

A

Ampere (A)

37
Q

physical quantity

A

the result of as measurement , quantifications of the properties that we want to measure.

38
Q

systems of weights and measures

A 
International system (SI) 
CGS system (system cegesimal)
english system
39
Q

the study of the types of movement that a body can have and its mathematical description

A

kinematic

40
Q

change in position in the space and through time

A

movement

41
Q

the space traveled by the body during the change of position

A

distance

42
Q

it is the movement to move from one place to another

A

displacement

43
Q

the realtionship that is stablish between the space or the distance that travel an object an the time it invests in ot

A

speed-rapidity

44
Q

change in speed of a body during its movement

A

acceleration

45
Q

property of all bodies to resist changes in their state

A

mass

46
Q

every agent capable of producing a change in the movement of a body

A

force

47
Q

in the force with wich the earth attracts a body due to the action of gravity

A

weight

48
Q

length measuring objects

A

ruler
tape measure
flexometer
nonio (known as caliper)

49
Q

mass measurement instruments

A

roman scale arms

electronic scale

50
Q

instruments for measuring time

A 
shadow cast (ancient)
sun (ancient)
mechanical clock 
digital chronometer 
atomic clock

CIDEB 2 semestre (5 decks)

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