Robbins Ch 25, 26, 27 - high yield associations Flashcards
1
Q
indolent leions on face of older man with irregular notched borders and radial growth
A
lentigo maligna - melanoma
2
Q
activating BRAF and NRAS muatations
A
melanoma
3
Q
most impt factor when evaluating melanoma
A
depth of invasion - Breslow’s thickness
4
Q
lesion >6mm, changing in appearance, new onset itching or pain
A
melanoma
5
Q
deactivating mutaiton of FGFR3
A
seborrheic keratosis
6
Q
appearance of tan/brown, round, flat, coin-like plaques in large numbers
A
Leser-Trelat Sign - seborrhic keratosis indicating paraneoplastic syndrome
7
Q
adenexal tumor ass’d with CYLD mutation that appear on forehead and scalp
A
cylindroma
8
Q
adenexal tumor with activating CNTNB1 mutations
A
pliomatricomas
9
Q
arises from meibomian gland of eyelid
A
sebacious carinoma
10
Q
LOF in PTCH
A
basal cell carcinoma
11
Q
AD disorder occurin
A
nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
12
Q
chronic xs keratin buildup resulting in fishline scales
A
ichthyosis
13
Q
pinpoint bleeds when salmon colored lesion is pulled off skin
A
auspitz sign - psoriasis
14
Q
granulomatous inflammation that causes caseous fat necrosis and necrotizing vasculitis
A
erythema induratum
15
Q
kiolocytosis - halos of pallor surrounding nuclei
A
warts from HPV
16
Q
mosaic pattern of newly formed bone
A
pagets dz
17
Q
elevated alkaline phosphatase
A
pagets dz
18
Q
t(11;22)
A
ewing sarcoma
19
Q
cartilagenous cap
A
osteochondroma
20
Q
IgG autoantibodies to desmogelin, blisters that easily break
A
phemphigus vulgairs
21
Q
IgG autoantibodies to basal keratinocytes in hemidesmosomes, tense bullae that don’t break easily
A
bullous phemphigoid
22
Q
net appearance on IHC staning
A
phemphigus vulgairs
23
Q
linear pattern on IHC staning at the dermo-epidermal jxn
A
bullous phemphigoid
24
Q
onion skinning
A
Ewing sarcoma
25
joint mice
OA
26
swan neck and boutonniere deformities
RA
27
mets that cause lytic bone lesions
kidney, lung, GI
28
mets that cause blastic bone lesions
prostatic adenocarcinoma
29
Ab to Ca channels
lambert-eaton syndrome
30
mm weakness that gets better with rest & ass'd with SCLC
lambert-eaton syndrome
31
Ab to AChRs
myasthenia gravis
32
muscle weakness that gets worse with use & ass'd with thymoma
myasthenia gravis
33
perifascular atrophy
dermatomyositis
34
atrophy of type II mm fiber atrophy w/ type I mm fibers spared
ass'd with prolonged corticosteroid use
35
anti-Jo1 Abs
dermatomyositis
36
heliotrope rash
dermatomyositis
37
C5b9 deposits in capillary vessels
dermatomyositis
38
irregular lucencies with adjacent sclerosis on XRAY
osteonecrosis
39
dark serpiginous necrotic bone on MRI
osteonecrosis
40
sunburst or codman's triangle on xray
osteosarcoma
41
best radiographic modality to test for soft tissue involvement
MRI
42
avascular necrosis of the femoral head is d/t insuffiiency of what artery
medial circumflex humoral
43
crescent sign
osteonecrosis - microfractures accumulating in the dead bone
44
double line sign
osteonecrosis - seen at the periphery (best with T2 MRI)
45
rim sign
osteonecrosis - fluid btwn sclerotic borders
46
herberden and bouchard nodes - dz and location
OA - DIP and PIP
47
swan neck and boutinnier deformity - dx and location
RA - DIP and PIP
48
melanocyte hyperplasia restricted to the basal layer that doesn't darken when exposed to light
lentigo
49
possible melanoma precursor with acquired NRAS and BRAF mutations
dysplastic nevi
50
LOF in CDKN2A or inherited mutations in CDK4
dysplastic nevus syndrome
51
HMB-45
melanocyte staining agent
52
eccrine poroama
adenxal tumor on palms & soles
53
cylindroma
adenxal tumor on forhead & scalp
54
pearly telangiectatic nodule with rolled borders and central crusting or ulceration
basal cell carcinoma
55
factor XIIIa positivity
b9 fuibrous histiocytoma - aka dermatofibroma
56
COL1A1, PDGFB translocation
dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
57
honeycomb or swiss cheese appearance of subQ fat
dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
58
KIT mutations
mastocytosis
59
fishlike scales, loss of normal basket weave pattern to stratum corneum
ichthyosis
60
HLA-B27
psoriatic arthritis
61
HLA-C(w*062)
psoraisis
62
infiltrates of NPs into the stratum corneum
munro microabcesses - psoriasis
63
macules and papules of a erythematous yellow greasy base with scaling and crusting
seborrheic dermatitis
64
follicular lipping
seborrheic dermatitis
65
net like lesions on the oral mucosa
lichen planus
66
IgA at tips of dermal papillae
dermatitis herpiformans
67
mutations in keratin 14 or 5
epidermolysis bullosa simplex
68
COL7A1 mutaitons
dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
69
utricaria made worse by sunlight
prophyria
70
gm + rod
p acnes
71
high cutaneous cathelicidin levels
rosacea
72
bulbous deformation of the nose
rhinophyma, rosacea
73
honey colored crust
impetigo
74
MCC of impetigo
s areus
75
spaghetti and meatballs
tinea versicolor
76
perivenular and endoneurial lymhocyte infiltration by MPs and some plasma cells
Guillain-barre
77
ascending paralysis
Guillain-barre
78
CSF with increased proteins & scant white cells
Guillain-barre
79
symmetrical mixed sensorimotor polyneuropathy that persists for 2 or more mo w/ complement fixing of IgG and IgM on the myelin sheath
chonic inflammatory demylinating polyneuropathy
80
morph of m. leprae
gm +, pleomorphic, acid-fast
81
PAS + artiolar walls
diabetic neuropathy
82
autonomic dysfunctions ass'd with diabetic neuropathy
postural HTN, incomplete emptying of the bladder, sexual dysfunction
83
duplication of ch17 region with PMP22 gene
CMT1
84
amyloid in peripheral nerve with germline transthyretin mutation
familial amyloid polyneuroapthis
85
MSRTK type myasthenia gravis MCly involves
shoulder, neck, facial, respiratory, and bulbar mm
86
morph of botulism
gm + anaerobe
87
scaling dusky red patches over knuckles, elbows, and knees - whats the lesion and it's ass'd dz
gottron papules, dermatomyosis
88
cN1A antibodies
inclusion body myositis
89
cytoplasmic inclusions of beta-amyloid TDP-43 and ubiquitin
inclusion body myositis
90
LOF in dystophin gene on X ch
muscular dystrophy
91
expansion of CTG triplet repeats
myotonic dystrophy
92
episodic mm damage and cramps with exercise, myoglobinuria
McArdle Dz, glycogen storage dz
93
ragged red fibers
mitochondrial myopathies
94
AR LOF in SMN1
spinal muscular atrophy > floppy baby
95
hypokalemic paralysis
CACNA1S, ion channel myopathy
96
MC ara of schwannomas
cerebellopontine angle
97
b/l schwannomas on the vestibular branch of CN VIII creating tinnitus and hearing loss
acoustic neuroma
98
bag of worms, shredded carrots
nuerofibroma
99
marbleized tumor mass with fasciculated arrangement of spindle cells
MPNST
100
lisch nodules (iris) and cafe-au-lait spots
NF1
101
HOXD13 mutation
bradydachtyly D and E
102
LOF RUNX2
cleidocranial dysplasia
103
SQSTM1 mutations and what it leads to
paget's (OD) , increases osteoclast activity
104
MCC of infectious osteomyelitis in HbSS
salmonella
105
germline LOF in EXT 1 or EXT2
osteochondroma
106
IDH 1 and IDH2 mutaitons
chondroma and chondrosarcoma
107
methylation of CDKN2A
chondrosarcoma
108
spindle cells have ch17p13 rearrangement
aneurysmal bone cyst
109
multiloculated blood filled cysts in the metaphysis of a long bone or vertebra
aneurysmal bone cyst
110
GOF GNAS1 mutation
fibrous dysplasia
111
MC ca that mets to bone in adults
prostate, breast, kidney, lung
112
MC ca that mets to bone in kids
neuroblastoma, wilms, osteosarcoma, ewing, rhabdomycosarcoma
113
ground glass appearance on radiology
fibrous dysplasia
114
HLA-DRB1
RA
115
IgM or IgA to Fc of self IgG
RA
116
destruction of articular cartilage and bondy anklyosis esp in SI and apopyseal joint, ass'd with IL-23 receptor gene
akylosing spondylitis
117
complete absence of HPGRT
lesh-nyhan syndrome
118
t(1:2)(p13,q37) > overexpression of M-CSF
tenosynovial giant cell tumor
119
MC stie of ganglion cyst
wrist
120
red-brown to yellow-orange tumor with finger-like projections and nodules
tenosynovial giant cell tumor
121
MDM2 amplifications
liposarcoma
122
ppl with FAP and germline APC mutations are predisposed to developing
deep fibromatoses
123
mm weakness, cataracts, endocrinepolathy, cardiomyopathy
myotonic dystrophy
