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MSK II > Robbins Ch 25, 26, 27 - high yield associations > Flashcards

Robbins Ch 25, 26, 27 - high yield associations Flashcards

1
Q

indolent leions on face of older man with irregular notched borders and radial growth

A

lentigo maligna - melanoma

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2
Q

activating BRAF and NRAS muatations

A

melanoma

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3
Q

most impt factor when evaluating melanoma

A

depth of invasion - Breslow’s thickness

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4
Q

lesion >6mm, changing in appearance, new onset itching or pain

A

melanoma

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5
Q

deactivating mutaiton of FGFR3

A

seborrheic keratosis

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6
Q

appearance of tan/brown, round, flat, coin-like plaques in large numbers

A

Leser-Trelat Sign - seborrhic keratosis indicating paraneoplastic syndrome

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7
Q

adenexal tumor ass’d with CYLD mutation that appear on forehead and scalp

A

cylindroma

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8
Q

adenexal tumor with activating CNTNB1 mutations

A

pliomatricomas

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9
Q

arises from meibomian gland of eyelid

A

sebacious carinoma

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10
Q

LOF in PTCH

A

basal cell carcinoma

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11
Q

AD disorder occurin

A

nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome

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12
Q

chronic xs keratin buildup resulting in fishline scales

A

ichthyosis

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13
Q

pinpoint bleeds when salmon colored lesion is pulled off skin

A

auspitz sign - psoriasis

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14
Q

granulomatous inflammation that causes caseous fat necrosis and necrotizing vasculitis

A

erythema induratum

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15
Q

kiolocytosis - halos of pallor surrounding nuclei

A

warts from HPV

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16
Q

mosaic pattern of newly formed bone

A

pagets dz

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17
Q

elevated alkaline phosphatase

A

pagets dz

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18
Q

t(11;22)

A

ewing sarcoma

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19
Q

cartilagenous cap

A

osteochondroma

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20
Q

IgG autoantibodies to desmogelin, blisters that easily break

A

phemphigus vulgairs

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21
Q

IgG autoantibodies to basal keratinocytes in hemidesmosomes, tense bullae that don’t break easily

A

bullous phemphigoid

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22
Q

net appearance on IHC staning

A

phemphigus vulgairs

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23
Q

linear pattern on IHC staning at the dermo-epidermal jxn

A

bullous phemphigoid

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24
Q

onion skinning

A

Ewing sarcoma

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25
Q

joint mice

A

OA

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26
Q

swan neck and boutonniere deformities

A

RA

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27
Q

mets that cause lytic bone lesions

A

kidney, lung, GI

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28
Q

mets that cause blastic bone lesions

A

prostatic adenocarcinoma

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29
Q

Ab to Ca channels

A

lambert-eaton syndrome

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30
Q

mm weakness that gets better with rest & ass’d with SCLC

A

lambert-eaton syndrome

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31
Q

Ab to AChRs

A

myasthenia gravis

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32
Q

muscle weakness that gets worse with use & ass’d with thymoma

A

myasthenia gravis

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33
Q

perifascular atrophy

A

dermatomyositis

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34
Q

atrophy of type II mm fiber atrophy w/ type I mm fibers spared

A

ass’d with prolonged corticosteroid use

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35
Q

anti-Jo1 Abs

A

dermatomyositis

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36
Q

heliotrope rash

A

dermatomyositis

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37
Q

C5b9 deposits in capillary vessels

A

dermatomyositis

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38
Q

irregular lucencies with adjacent sclerosis on XRAY

A

osteonecrosis

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39
Q

dark serpiginous necrotic bone on MRI

A

osteonecrosis

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40
Q

sunburst or codman’s triangle on xray

A

osteosarcoma

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41
Q

best radiographic modality to test for soft tissue involvement

A

MRI

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42
Q

avascular necrosis of the femoral head is d/t insuffiiency of what artery

A

medial circumflex humoral

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43
Q

crescent sign

A

osteonecrosis - microfractures accumulating in the dead bone

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44
Q

double line sign

A

osteonecrosis - seen at the periphery (best with T2 MRI)

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45
Q

rim sign

A

osteonecrosis - fluid btwn sclerotic borders

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46
Q

herberden and bouchard nodes - dz and location

A

OA - DIP and PIP

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47
Q

swan neck and boutinnier deformity - dx and location

A

RA - DIP and PIP

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48
Q

melanocyte hyperplasia restricted to the basal layer that doesn’t darken when exposed to light

A

lentigo

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49
Q

possible melanoma precursor with acquired NRAS and BRAF mutations

A

dysplastic nevi

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50
Q

LOF in CDKN2A or inherited mutations in CDK4

A

dysplastic nevus syndrome

51
Q

HMB-45

A

melanocyte staining agent

52
Q

eccrine poroama

A

adenxal tumor on palms & soles

53
Q

cylindroma

A

adenxal tumor on forhead & scalp

54
Q

pearly telangiectatic nodule with rolled borders and central crusting or ulceration

A

basal cell carcinoma

55
Q

factor XIIIa positivity

A

b9 fuibrous histiocytoma - aka dermatofibroma

56
Q

COL1A1, PDGFB translocation

A

dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans

57
Q

honeycomb or swiss cheese appearance of subQ fat

A

dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans

58
Q

KIT mutations

A

mastocytosis

59
Q

fishlike scales, loss of normal basket weave pattern to stratum corneum

A

ichthyosis

60
Q

HLA-B27

A

psoriatic arthritis

61
Q

HLA-C(w*062)

A

psoraisis

62
Q

infiltrates of NPs into the stratum corneum

A

munro microabcesses - psoriasis

63
Q

macules and papules of a erythematous yellow greasy base with scaling and crusting

A

seborrheic dermatitis

64
Q

follicular lipping

A

seborrheic dermatitis

65
Q

net like lesions on the oral mucosa

A

lichen planus

66
Q

IgA at tips of dermal papillae

A

dermatitis herpiformans

67
Q

mutations in keratin 14 or 5

A

epidermolysis bullosa simplex

68
Q

COL7A1 mutaitons

A

dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa

69
Q

utricaria made worse by sunlight

A

prophyria

70
Q

gm + rod

A

p acnes

71
Q

high cutaneous cathelicidin levels

A

rosacea

72
Q

bulbous deformation of the nose

A

rhinophyma, rosacea

73
Q

honey colored crust

A

impetigo

74
Q

MCC of impetigo

A

s areus

75
Q

spaghetti and meatballs

A

tinea versicolor

76
Q

perivenular and endoneurial lymhocyte infiltration by MPs and some plasma cells

A

Guillain-barre

77
Q

ascending paralysis

A

Guillain-barre

78
Q

CSF with increased proteins & scant white cells

A

Guillain-barre

79
Q

symmetrical mixed sensorimotor polyneuropathy that persists for 2 or more mo w/ complement fixing of IgG and IgM on the myelin sheath

A

chonic inflammatory demylinating polyneuropathy

80
Q

morph of m. leprae

A

gm +, pleomorphic, acid-fast

81
Q

PAS + artiolar walls

A

diabetic neuropathy

82
Q

autonomic dysfunctions ass’d with diabetic neuropathy

A

postural HTN, incomplete emptying of the bladder, sexual dysfunction

83
Q

duplication of ch17 region with PMP22 gene

A

CMT1

84
Q

amyloid in peripheral nerve with germline transthyretin mutation

A

familial amyloid polyneuroapthis

85
Q

MSRTK type myasthenia gravis MCly involves

A

shoulder, neck, facial, respiratory, and bulbar mm

86
Q

morph of botulism

A

gm + anaerobe

87
Q

scaling dusky red patches over knuckles, elbows, and knees - whats the lesion and it’s ass’d dz

A

gottron papules, dermatomyosis

88
Q

cN1A antibodies

A

inclusion body myositis

89
Q

cytoplasmic inclusions of beta-amyloid TDP-43 and ubiquitin

A

inclusion body myositis

90
Q

LOF in dystophin gene on X ch

A

muscular dystrophy

91
Q

expansion of CTG triplet repeats

A

myotonic dystrophy

92
Q

episodic mm damage and cramps with exercise, myoglobinuria

A

McArdle Dz, glycogen storage dz

93
Q

ragged red fibers

A

mitochondrial myopathies

94
Q

AR LOF in SMN1

A

spinal muscular atrophy > floppy baby

95
Q

hypokalemic paralysis

A

CACNA1S, ion channel myopathy

96
Q

MC ara of schwannomas

A

cerebellopontine angle

97
Q

b/l schwannomas on the vestibular branch of CN VIII creating tinnitus and hearing loss

A

acoustic neuroma

98
Q

bag of worms, shredded carrots

A

nuerofibroma

99
Q

marbleized tumor mass with fasciculated arrangement of spindle cells

A

MPNST

100
Q

lisch nodules (iris) and cafe-au-lait spots

A

NF1

101
Q

HOXD13 mutation

A

bradydachtyly D and E

102
Q

LOF RUNX2

A

cleidocranial dysplasia

103
Q

SQSTM1 mutations and what it leads to

A

paget’s (OD) , increases osteoclast activity

104
Q

MCC of infectious osteomyelitis in HbSS

A

salmonella

105
Q

germline LOF in EXT 1 or EXT2

A

osteochondroma

106
Q

IDH 1 and IDH2 mutaitons

A

chondroma and chondrosarcoma

107
Q

methylation of CDKN2A

A

chondrosarcoma

108
Q

spindle cells have ch17p13 rearrangement

A

aneurysmal bone cyst

109
Q

multiloculated blood filled cysts in the metaphysis of a long bone or vertebra

A

aneurysmal bone cyst

110
Q

GOF GNAS1 mutation

A

fibrous dysplasia

111
Q

MC ca that mets to bone in adults

A

prostate, breast, kidney, lung

112
Q

MC ca that mets to bone in kids

A

neuroblastoma, wilms, osteosarcoma, ewing, rhabdomycosarcoma

113
Q

ground glass appearance on radiology

A

fibrous dysplasia

114
Q

HLA-DRB1

A

RA

115
Q

IgM or IgA to Fc of self IgG

A

RA

116
Q

destruction of articular cartilage and bondy anklyosis esp in SI and apopyseal joint, ass’d with IL-23 receptor gene

A

akylosing spondylitis

117
Q

complete absence of HPGRT

A

lesh-nyhan syndrome

118
Q

t(1:2)(p13,q37) > overexpression of M-CSF

A

tenosynovial giant cell tumor

119
Q

MC stie of ganglion cyst

A

wrist

120
Q

red-brown to yellow-orange tumor with finger-like projections and nodules

A

tenosynovial giant cell tumor

121
Q

MDM2 amplifications

A

liposarcoma

122
Q

ppl with FAP and germline APC mutations are predisposed to developing

A

deep fibromatoses

123
Q

mm weakness, cataracts, endocrinepolathy, cardiomyopathy

A

myotonic dystrophy

MSK II (9 decks)

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